植物繁育系统研究的最新进展和评述

 植物繁育系统是当今进化生物学研究中最为活跃的领域。繁育系统是指代表所有影响后代遗传组成的有性特征的总和,主要包括花形态特征、花的开放式样、花各部位的寿命、传粉者种类和频率、自交亲和程度和交配系统,其中交配系统是核心。我们重点综述了植物 有性繁育系统研究中1）传粉模式的多样性,2）从历史发生角度利用系统发育方法检验花性状的演化和繁育系统的生态转变过程,3）近交衰退对植物生殖史的影响及其机制和4）混和交配系统的时空动态、维持机理以及进化趋势的最新研究结果。总结了繁育系统在研究花适应性、物种形成机制和濒危植物     

SPECIAL PAPER: A REVIEW OF RECENT RESEARCH ON THE CATHAYSIA FLORA IN ASIA

This paper attempts to give a brief review of research on the Cathaysia flora during the last 20 years in China and other countries. The paper also briefly discusses the origin, development, migration and extinction of this flora from the Late Carboniferous to the close of the Permian.     

植物材料表面消毒方法的改进

苹果枝条用０．１％ＨｇＣＩ2磁力搅拌消毒１５-２０ｍｉｎ,无菌水磁力搅拌清洗５次,每次５ｍｉｎ。污染率和杀死率在１０％以下,成功率９０％左右,且无褐化。     

THE VALUE OF PLANT MATERIALS FOR RADIOCARBON DATING

A survey is made of the advantages and disadvantages of the various types of plant material that may be used in radiocarbon dating. Annual crops and individual tree rings allow yearly fluctuations in atmospheric radiocarbon concentration to be followed, and co-ordination with dendrochronology affords an extremely powerful means of refining carbon dating, testing the hypotheses on which it rests, and extending its applications into palaeoclimatology. Peat mires are shown to have great advantages for co-ordinated research involving carbon dating alongside pollen-analysis and other fields of Quaternary research. They require use with circumspection, however, a qualification applying at least as strongly to the organic muds of lakes, where allochthonous origin, mixing, and above all the incorporation of ancient carbon by the “hard-water error” have to be reckoned with. Marine plant material suffers these drawbacks to an even greater extent. Finally it is emphasized that misassociation of an event and the plant material to be dated involves an error outside rectification by the dating laboratory; such misassociation is exceedingly wasteful and can only be avoided by painstaking and informed field work.     

植物多肽类化合物研究进展

本义综述了近年来植物中的寡肽、环肽、环肽生物碱、糖肽的提取分离方法、结构签定及其生物活性等方面的研究进展。     

关于对朱华先生"西双版纳热带山地雨林的植物多样性研究的一些问题讨论"一文中有关问题的说明

朱华先生对“西双版纳热带山地雨林的植物多样性研究”（李宗善等,2004）一文中的一些问题提出了质疑,这主要缘于该文着重于群落植物多样性的研究,并未对6块热带山地雨林样地的物种组成、群落结构特征等进行分析,以致朱华先生对“西双版纳热带山地雨林的植物多样性研究”一文中的植被类型的划分及群落特征等方面产生一些不清楚的地方。作为原文的通讯作者,对朱华先生所提出的问题说明如下：     

内蒙古荒漠草原37种植物氮与灰分含量的特征

本文报告了内蒙古荒漠草原地区37种植物氮、硅与灰分含量的组成特征,结果表明,荒漠草原区植物的平均含硅量(1.019%),灰分含量(12.85%)都高于草甸草原与典型草原,而其含氮量(2.16%)都低于草甸草原与典型草原。在内蒙古草原区,植物化学元素组成呈现了地带性分异的特征。     

ON THE EFFECTS OF AUXINS ON MEMBRANE PERMEABILITY AND PECTIC SUBSTANCES IN BEAN ENDOCARP

Glasziou , Kenneth T. (Colonial Sugar Refining Co., Sydney, Australia), Joseph A. Sacher , and Dennis R. Mc Calla . On the effects of auxins on membrane permeability and pectic substances in bean endocarp. Amer. Jour. Bot. 47(9) : 743–752. Illus. 1960.—A study has been made on the differences between bean endccarp segments maintained in the presence and absence of auxin. In this tissue, the effect of auxin is to delay a senescence phenomenon which involves changes in permeability, liquid-logging of air spaces, cellular dissociation and exudation. The results show marked changes in the composition and quantities of sugars in the tissue, the free space and the exudate from sections maintained in the absence of auxin, as well as in the permeability of cellular membranes to glucose, fructose and sucrose. The results of analyses on the composition of the exudate and the cell wall pectins are given. A working hypothesis on the mode of auxin action is presented which attempts to correlate the analytical results with visual observations.