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1.
Background
Bone has the ability to adapt to mechanical usage or other biophysical stimuli in terms of its mass and architecture, indicating that a certain mechanism exists for monitoring mechanical usage and controlling the bone's adaptation behaviors. There are four zones describing different bone adaptation behaviors: the disuse, adaptation, overload, and pathologic overload zones. In different zones, the changes of bone mass, as calculated by the difference between the amount of bone formed and what is resorbed, should be different. 相似文献2.
Aims
Tea tree oil (TTO) has been confirmed in previous study as a potential natural antifungal agent to control Botrytis cinerea and grey mould in fresh fruit. However, the mechanism of its action has not been clearly revealed, and some hypotheses mainly depended on the results obtained from the bacterial test. For the antifungal mechanism, the effect of TTO on the mycelium morphology and ultrastructure, cell wall and membrane, and membrane fatty acid composition of B. cinerea was investigated in vitro experiments.Methods and Results
Tea tree oil in vapour or contact phase exhibited higher activity against the mycelial growth of B. cinerea. Observations using scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope revealed that the mycelial morphology and ultrastructure alternations caused by TTO are the markedly shriveled or flatted empty hyphae, with thick cell walls, ruptured plasmalemma and cytoplasmic coagulation or leakage. Furthermore, TTO caused significantly higher alkaline phosphatase activity after 4‐h treatment and markedly higher absorbance at 260 nm and electric conductivity in the external hyphae of fungi after 16‐h treatment. Moreover, decreased unsaturated/saturated fatty acid ratio of the fungal membrane was also observed after TTO treatment.Conclusions
The methodology used in this study confirmed that the cell wall destroyed firstly in the presence of TTO, and then the membrane fatty acid composition changed, which resulted in the increasing of membrane permeability and releasing of cellular material. The above findings may be the main reason for TTO's antifungal ability to B. cinerea.Significance and Impact of the Study
Understanding the mechanism of TTO antifungal action to B. cinerea is helpful for its commercial application on the preservation of fresh fruit and vegetables. 相似文献3.
Yuanyuan Wang Miranda L Davies-Tuck Anita E Wluka Andrew Forbes Dallas R English Graham G Giles Richard O'Sullivan Flavia M Cicuttini 《Arthritis research & therapy》2009,11(3):R63-5
Introduction
Fatty acids have been implicated in osteoarthritis (OA), yet the mechanism by which fatty acids affect knee structure and consequently the risk of knee OA has not been fully elucidated. Higher intakes of fatty acids have been shown to be associated with the risk of bone marrow lesions (BMLs) in a healthy population. The aim of this study was to examine the association between fatty acid consumption and the incidence of BMLs in healthy middle-aged adults without clinical knee OA. 相似文献4.
Benoit Le Goff Elise Soltner Céline Charrier Yves Maugars Fran?oise Rédini Dominique Heymann Jean-Marie Berthelot 《Arthritis research & therapy》2009,11(6):R185
Introduction
Osteoclasts play a key role in the pathogenesis of bone erosion and systemic bone mass loss during rheumatoid arthritis (RA). In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of methotrexate (MTX) and zoledronic acid (ZA), used alone or in combination, on osteoclast-mediated bone erosions and systemic bone mass loss in a rat model of collagen induced arthritis (CIA). We hypothesized that MTX and ZA could have an additive effect to prevent both bone erosion and systemic bone loss. 相似文献5.
Background
To explore the feasibility of constructing engineered myocardial tissues (EMTs) in vivo, using polylactic acid -co-glycolic acid (PLGA) for scaffold and cardiomyocyte-like cells derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) for seeded cells. 相似文献6.
Wei Zhang Hideo Tsurushima Ayako Oyane Yushin Yazaki Yu Sogo Atsuo Ito Akira Matsumura 《Journal of biomedical science》2011,18(1):62
Background
Safe and efficient gene transfer systems are needed for tissue engineering. We have developed an apatite composite layer including the bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) gene and fibronectin (FB), and we evaluated its ability to induce bone formation. 相似文献7.
Jérôme Stirnemann Nadia Belmatoug Corine Vincent Olivier Fain Bruno Fantin France Mentré 《Arthritis research & therapy》2010,12(4):R156-11
Introduction
Known biomarkers of Gaucher-disease activity are platelets, chitotriosidase, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and ferritin. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the frequency of bone events (BE) and biomarker changes during two periods: diagnosis to first enzyme-replacement therapy (ERT) and the latter to the closing date. 相似文献8.
Introduction
Cytochrome P450 epoxygenases metabolize arachidonic acid to epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), which in turn are converted to dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs) by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). EETs are known to modulate a number of vascular and renal functions, but the exact signaling mechanism(s) of these EET-mediated effects remains unknown. 相似文献9.
Introduction
Glucosamine is an amino-monosaccharide and precursor of glycosaminoglycans, major components of joint cartilage. Glucosamine has been clinically introduced for the treatment of osteoarthritis but the data about its protective role in disease are insufficient. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of long term administration of glucosamine on bone resorption and remodeling. 相似文献10.
Iannis E Adamopoulos Cheng-chi Chao Richard Geissler Drake Laface Wendy Blumenschein Yoichiro Iwakura Terrill McClanahan Edward P Bowman 《Arthritis research & therapy》2010,12(1):R29
Introduction
The interaction between the immune and skeletal systems is evidenced by the bone loss observed in autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis. In this paper we describe a new mechanism by which the immune cytokine IL-17A directly affects osteoclastogenesis. 相似文献11.
Wonmo Kang Tai-Il Kim Yerang Yun Hae-Won Kim Jun-Hyeog Jang 《Biotechnology letters》2011,33(1):199-204
Purpose of Work
We have developed a strategy of designing multi-functional extracellular matrix proteins for functionalizing bone tissue engineering scaffolds and other biomedical surfaces to achieve improvements in bone grafting, bone repair and bone regeneration. 相似文献12.
Hanga Agoston Sameena Khan Claudine G James J Ryan Gillespie Rosa Serra Lee-Anne Stanton Frank Beier 《BMC developmental biology》2007,7(1):18
Background
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) has recently been identified as an important anabolic regulator of endochondral bone growth, but the molecular mechanisms mediating its effects are not completely understood. 相似文献13.
Ippei Kanazawa Toru Yamaguchi Shozo Yano Mika Yamauchi Masahiro Yamamoto Toshitsugu Sugimoto 《BMC cell biology》2007,8(1):51
Background
Adiponectin is a key mediator of the metabolic syndrome that is caused by visceral fat accumulation. Adiponectin and its receptors are known to be expressed in osteoblasts, but their actions with regard to bone metabolism are still unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of adiponectin on the proliferation, differentiation, and mineralization of osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. 相似文献14.
YJ Kuo FY Tsuang JS Sun CH Lin CH Chen JY Li YC Huang WY Chen CB Yeh JF Shyu 《PloS one》2012,7(7):e40272
Introduction
Treatment for osteoporosis commonly includes the use of bisphosphonates. Serious side effects of these drugs are caused by the inhibition of bone resorption as a result of osteoclast apoptosis. Treatment using calcitonin along with bisphosphonates overcomes these side-effects in some patients. Calcitonin is known to inhibit bone resorption without reducing the number of osteoclasts and is thought to prolong osteoclast survival through the inhibition of apoptosis. Further understanding of how calcitonin inhibits apoptosis could prove useful to the development of alternative treatment regimens for osteoporosis. This study aimed to analyze the mechanism by which calcitonin influences osteoclast apoptosis induced by a bisphosphate analog, sintered dicalcium pyrophosphate (SDCP), and to determine the effects of co-treatment with calcitonin and SDCP on apoptotic signaling in osteoclasts.Methods
Isolated osteoclasts were treated with CT, SDCP or both for 48 h. Osteoclast apoptosis assays, pit formation assays, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining were performed. Using an osteoporosis rat model, ovariectomized (OVX) rats received calcitonin, SDCP, or calcitonin + SDCP. The microarchitecture of the fifth lumbar trabecular bone was investigated, and histomorphometric and biochemical analyses were performed.Results
Calcitonin inhibited SDCP-induced apoptosis in primary osteoclast cultures, increased Bcl-2 and Erk activity, and decreased Mcl-1 activity. Calcitonin prevented decreased osteoclast survival but not resorption induced by SDCP. Histomorphometric analysis of the tibia revealed increased bone formation, and microcomputed tomography of the fifth lumbar vertebrate showed an additive effect of calcitonin and SDCP on bone volume. Finally, analysis of the serum bone markers CTX-I and P1NP suggests that the increased bone volume induced by co-treatment with calcitonin and SDCP may be due to decreased bone resorption and increased bone formation.Conclusions
Calcitonin reduces SDCP-induced osteoclast apoptosis and increases its efficacy in an in vivo model of osteoporosis. 相似文献15.
Background
In the internal fixation of fractured bone by means of bone-plates fastened to the bone on its tensile surface, an on-going concern has been the excessive stress-shielding of the bone by the excessively-stiff stainless-steel plate. The compressive stress-shielding at the fracture-interface immediately after fracture-fixation delays callus formation and bone healing. Likewise, the tensile stress-shielding of the layer of the bone underneath the plate can cause osteoporosis and decrease in tensile strength of this layer. 相似文献16.
KR Rupesh PL PremKumar Vasanth V Shiva Kumar Seetharaman S Jayachandran 《BMC microbiology》2002,2(1):5-7
Background
Seeds of the legume plant Lathyrus sativus, which is grown in arid and semi arid tropical regions, contain Diamino Propionic acid (DAP). DAP is a neurotoxin, which, when consumed, causes a disease called Lathyrism. Lathryrism may manifest as Neurolathyrism or Osteolathyrism, in which the nervous system, and bone formation respectively, are affected. DAP ammonia lyase is produced by a few microorganisms such as Salmonella typhi, Salmonella typhimurium and Pseudomonas, and is capable of detoxifying DAP. 相似文献17.
Francesco Massart Francesca Marini Gerolamo Bianchi Salvatore Minisola Giovanni Luisetto Antonella Pirazzoli Sara Salvi Dino Micheli Laura Masi Maria Luisa Brandi 《Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E》2009,7(1):32-8
Background
Skeletal characteristics such as height (Ht), bone mineral density (BMD) or bone turnover markers are strongly inherited. Common variants in the genes encoding for estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) and beta (ESR2) are proposed as candidates for influencing bone phenotypes at the population level. 相似文献18.
Coordinate regulation of fibronectin matrix assembly by the plasminogen activator system and vitronectin in human osteosarcoma cells 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Daniel Vial Elizabeth Monaghan-Benson Paula J McKeown-Longo 《Cancer cell international》2006,6(1):8-12
Background
Plasminogen activators are known to play a key role in the remodeling of bone matrix which occurs during tumor progression, bone metastasis and bone growth. Dysfunctional remodeling of bone matrix gives rise to the osteoblastic and osteolytic lesions seen in association with metastatic cancers. The molecular mechanisms responsible for the development of these lesions are not well understood. Studies were undertaken to address the role of the plasminogen activator system in the regulation of fibronectin matrix assembly in the osteoblast-like cell line, MG-63. 相似文献19.
Clifford DL Folmes Grzegorz Sawicki Virgilio JJ Cadete Grant Masson Amy J Barr Gary D Lopaschuk 《Proteome science》2010,8(1):38
Background
During and following myocardial ischemia, glucose oxidation rates are low and fatty acids dominate as a source of oxidative metabolism. This metabolic phenotype is associated with contractile dysfunction during reperfusion. To determine the mechanism of this reliance on fatty acid oxidation as a source of ATP generation, a functional proteomics approach was utilized. 相似文献20.