住院医师对规范化培训制度的认知态度调查

????? 目的 了解上海市住院医师规范化培训制度实施1年来住院医师对培训的认知与态度状况,为发现培训中的问题、提出改进意见提供信息支持。方法 对上海市2010年招录的住院医师进行抽样问卷调查。结果 住院医师对规范化培训的认知情况较好,仅有0.89%的人认为自己对医院的培训工作完全不了解;对于培训的态度也比较积极,占总数56.37%的人认为参加培训使自己在未来工作中有一定优势;对培训的总体满意度也较高,但其中薪酬满意度仅2.88。结论 上海市住院医师规范化培训一年来取得了一定成效,2010年招录的住院医师培训对培训政策的认识不断加深,态度与看法正面积极,在培训内容、基地设施、带教水平、师资为人和带教积极性方面的满意程度也较高。建议从更加细致化和规范化的角度来完善政策。

     

In Canada: A Trial of Chemoprophylaxis in Inactive Tuberculosis

One thousand five hundred and thirty-six patients with inactive tuberculosis were given a course of preventive treatment consisting of either INH alone or INH and PAS while 840 similar patients served as a control group. Discontinuation of the treatment was frequent and was usually caused by development of complaints which the patients ascribed to the drugs they were taking.The annual reactivation rate among controls was 4.9 per 1000. During the period of taking drugs the treated group suffered a reactivation rate of 0.7 per 1000 and those who had taken the medication for at least six months suffered a subsequent annual reactivation rate of 1.3 per 1000. The rate for those who discontinued treatment in the first six months was 5.1 per 1000. There were no reactivations in patients who took INH and PAS for over six months. Bacilli from two of the patients with reactivations who were treated for a prolonged period with INH alone showed resistance to this drug.Chemoprophylaxis of inactive cases is a potent weapon in tuberculosis control; however, it requires thorough motivation and supervision.     

Healthcare Service Utilization for Practicing Physicians: A Population-Based Study

Background

Physicians are considered to be the most informed consumers in the use of medical services since they have more information about diseases or medical technology. However, although plenty of researchers have suggested that different medical seeking behavior exists among physicians, very few empirical studies have been conducted to investigate differences in medical utilization between physicians and the general population.

Objective

We explored differences in the utilization of healthcare services between physicians and the general population using a population-based dataset.

Design

A cross-sectional study.

Participants

Data for this study were sourced from the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000. We included 1426 physicians and 1426 sex- and age-matched comparison subjects.

Methods

We used Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests to explore differences in variables of healthcare resource utilization between physicians and comparison subjects. We further used Kruskal-Wallis tests to examine differences in variables of healthcare resource utilization between physician practice location and comparison subjects.

Results

We found that physicians had significantly fewer outpatient visits (13.2 vs. 15.7, p<0.001) and significantly lower outpatient costs (US$477 vs. US$680, p<0.001) than comparison subjects. Furthermore, physicians had lower total health service costs than comparison subjects (US$643 vs. US$1066, p<0.001). This indicates that the mean total health service costs in the year 2010 was 1.66-fold greater for comparison subjects than for physicians. We also found that there were significant differences in the mean number of outpatient services (p<0.001), outpatient costs (p = 0.001), inpatients costs (p = 0.018), and total costs (p = 0.001) among office-based physicians, hospital-based physicians, and comparison subjects. Specifically, Scheffe contrast tests showed that office-based physicians had significantly more outpatient visits (19.3 vs.10.7, p<0.001) and significantly higher outpatient costs (US$656 vs. US$402, p<0.001) than hospital-based physicians.

Conclusions

Physicians had less healthcare utilization than comparison subjects. Furthermore, hospital-based physicians had higher inpatient costs and less outpatient services and costs than office-based physicians.