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1.
利用驯化获得的拟康宁木霉菌(Trichoderma koningii)处理甲基橙废水,以脱色率为指标探讨了反应时间、初始甲基橙浓度、pH、葡萄糖用量、不同培养时间等培养因素对拟康宁木霉生长前期降解甲基橙废水效果的影响;在较优条件下以脱色率为指标,探讨了酶在pH、温度、酶液投加量、初始甲基橙浓度、反应时间等条件下的酶促降解反应;并通过正交试验验证其脱色降解甲基橙染料的最佳反应条件,为染料废水的处理提供试验基础。试验表明,培养过程中拟康宁木霉菌降解甲基橙废水的最适条件为初始甲基橙浓度30 mg/L,培养时间72 h,葡萄糖浓度25 g/L,pH 6.5。在较优培养条件下提取的酶,在酶液投加量为0.6 mL,温度为25℃,pH为7.0,处理时间为6 h的处理条件下,其降解率可达85.48%,脱色效果较明显。本研究为拟康宁木霉对甲基橙染料废水的酶促降解条件提供了参考。 相似文献
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3.
采用壳聚糖交联法和海藻酸钠-壳聚糖包埋交联法固定化桦褶孔菌产生的漆酶,探讨最佳固定化条件,固定化漆酶的温度,pH稳定性及操作稳定性,并以两种固定化酶分别对4种染料进行了降解.结果表明:(1)壳聚糖交联法固定化漆酶的最佳条件为:壳聚糖2.5%,戊二醛7%,交联时间2h,固定化时间5h,给酶量1g壳聚糖小球:1mL酶液(1U/mL),固定化效率56%;(2)海藻酸钠-壳聚糖包埋交联法固定化漆酶的最佳条件为:海藻酸钠浓度4%,壳聚糖浓度0.7%,氯化钙浓度5%,戊二醛浓度0.6%,给酶量4mL 4%海藻酸钠:1mL酶液(1U/mL),固定化效率高达86%;(3)固定化的漆酶相比游离漆酶有更好的温度和pH稳定性;(4)比较两种固定化漆酶,海藻酸钠-壳聚糖包埋交联法固定化酶的温度及酸度稳定性要优于壳聚糖固定化酶,但可重复操作性要弱于后者,两者重复使用8次后的剩余酶活比率分别为71%及64%;(5)两种固定化酶对所选的4种不同结构的合成染料均有较好的降解效果,其中壳聚糖固定化酶对茜素红的降解效果及重复使用性极佳,重复降解40mg/L的茜素红10次,降解率仍保持在100%. 相似文献
4.
为了获得表达量高、热稳定性好的漆酶,通过密码子优化合成漆酶基因lac1338、连接到pET-32a(+)载体上并在Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)中表达,获得HIS-Lac1338蛋白。酶学性质测定结果显示,以ABTS为底物时,HIS-Lac1338的比活力高达22.8 U/mg,Km和Vmax分别为567μmol/L和2.8 mmol/(L·min·g);HIS-Lac1338的最适反应温度为55℃,最适pH为6.0;在55℃以下保温2 h能保留50%的酶活性,在pH 4-8范围内孵育4 h仍保留50%以上的活性;HIS-Lac1338对Cu^(2+)抗性强,Ca^(2+)、Na^+、K^+对HIS-Lac1338有促进作用,而Co^(2+)、Fe^(2+)、Hg^(2+)、Ag^+等重金属离子对HIS-Lac1338有抑制作用。易错PCR方法得到的Lac1338的突变酶Lac16与HIS-Lac1338相比,对酸性紫7、溴酚蓝、考马斯亮蓝的降解率分别由10.9%、20%和25%提高到90.5%、67.8%和85%。结果表明,HIS-Lac1338具有较好的温度及pH稳定性,而通过易错PCR技术定向突变获得的突变酶Lac16的染料降解率大大提高。 相似文献
5.
东方栓孔菌在染料脱色中的应用及其脱色条件的优化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本研究利用东方栓孔菌(Trametes orientalis)菌株Cui 6300发酵所得的粗酶液,对刚果红、结晶紫、铬天青、亚甲基蓝和中性红5种染料进行了催化脱色试验,并对其中脱色效果较好的染料进行了脱色条件优化.结果表明:东方栓孔菌漆酶粗酶液对结晶紫有相对较好的脱色效果.添加2,2'-连氮-双(3-乙基苯并噻唑-6-磺酸) (ABTS)的粗酶液对结晶紫的降解效果没有明显促进作用,因此后续试验中直接采用粗酶液.脱色条件优化结果为:最佳初始pH值6.0,最佳培养温度55℃,最佳接种量2.0%,最佳转速160 r/min,最佳底物浓度160 mg/L.在此条件下反应96 h,脱色率可达98.45%.本试验说明东方栓孔菌在印染废水治理方面具有较好的应用前景,可以作为一种新型菌株应用于染料脱色. 相似文献
6.
漆酶是一种含铜的单电子多酚氧化酶,能够催化氧化各种酚类及多种染料,在处理染料废水方面具有巨大的潜力。刺芹侧耳Pleurotus eryngii具有较强的产漆酶能力,但漆酶产量在较大程度上受环境条件限制。本文研究了氮源含量、pH、温度、金属离子等环境条件对刺芹侧耳产漆酶能力的影响,优化了其产漆酶条件,并用其粗酶液对典型偶氮类染料甲基橙进行脱色,结果表明,在氮源0.5%(W/W)、pH 5.5、温度28℃、添加5.0mmol/L Mg 2+的培养条件下,刺芹侧耳产漆酶能力最强,培养6d时,漆酶酶活可达78.0U/L。用优化培养的刺芹侧耳粗酶液对偶氮染料甲基橙进行脱色,28h后脱色率可达90%,脱色反应为准一级动力学反应,甲基橙并未完全矿化,而是生成小分子中间产物。 相似文献
7.
漆酶在磁性壳聚糖微球上的固定及其酶学性质研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
以磁性壳聚糖微球为载体,戊二醛为交联剂,共价结合制备固定化漆酶。探讨了漆酶固定化的影响因素,并对固定化漆酶的性质进行了研究。确定漆酶固定化适宜条件为:50 mg磁性壳聚糖微球,加入10mL 0.8mg/mL 漆酶磷酸盐缓冲液(0.1mol/L,pH 7.0),在4℃固定2h。固定化酶最适pH为3.0, 最适温度分别为10℃和55℃,均比游离酶降低5℃。在pH 3.0,温度37℃时,固定化酶对ABTS的表观米氏常数为171.1μmol/L。与游离酶相比,该固定化漆酶热稳定性明显提高,并具有良好的操作和存储稳定性。 相似文献
8.
【背景】漆酶和锰过氧化物酶(Manganese peroxidase,Mnp)是木质素降解的主要酶,二者有协同效应。Mnp活性依赖于Mn~(2+),而Mn~(2+)是大多数漆酶的抑制剂。【目的】获得耐Mn~(2+)的细菌漆酶用于木质素降解。【方法】构建许昌市某污水河污泥宏基因组文库,通过活性筛选获得细菌漆酶基因lac1542。使用大肠杆菌异源表达Lac1542,研究纯化后的重组蛋白酶学性质并进一步检测了含Lac1542复合酶系降解木质素能力。【结果】测序结果显示lac1542编码一个含513个氨基酸的蛋白。以ABTS为底物Lac1542最适反应pH为4.0,在pH 3.0-6.5范围内酶活性稳定。最适反应温度是75°C,在70°C以下酶活性稳定;100 mmol/L的Mn~(2+)仍能提高酶的活性。动力学参数研究发现,该酶的最适底物顺序为:ABTS丁香醛联氮儿茶酚2,6-DMP愈创木酚。Lac1542/Mnp复合酶系对木质素降解率为47.8%,比单独使用Mnp木质素降解率(22.4%)提高25.4%。Lac1542/Mnp/灰盖鬼伞过氧化物酶(Coprinus cinereus Peroxidase,CIP)复合酶系木质素降解高达71.5%,比Mnp/CIP酶系木质素降解率(48.9%)提高22.6%,加入Lac1542后的复合酶系能明显提高木质素的降解率。【结论】Lac1542的可溶性表达、耐受高浓度Mn~(2+)、热稳定性使得Lac1542可以替代一些经典的真菌漆酶应用于制浆、造纸、纤维素乙醇生产、染料脱色等工业。 相似文献
9.
漆酶高产菌株的诱变选育及其产酶条件 总被引:10,自引:5,他引:10
以粗毛栓菌Trametesgallica为出发菌,通过紫外诱变处理其担孢子、PDA-RBBR平板变色法初筛、ABTS法测定培养液漆酶酶活力复筛,获得1株漆酶高产诱变菌株SAH-12。用高氮低碳无机盐培养液(LM3)培养时,其峰值酶活力比出发菌株高出4倍,达到5002.6U/L,且产酶稳定。对SAH-12液体培养产酶条件的研究表明:以纤维二糖和蔗糖为碳源明显优于麦麸、淀粉和葡萄糖,其最高酶活分别达18526U/L和13436U/L;有机氮源较无机氮源更有利于SAH-12漆酶的分泌,以蛋白胨、大豆粕和胰化蛋白胨为氮源时其峰值酶活分别达到20544U/L、19671U/L和16180U/L;适宜初始培养pH为4.0;ABTS、单宁酸、没食子酸对产酶均有明显的诱导作用,其中ABTS和单宁酸的诱导效果相对更好,愈创木酚和吐温80对产酶有一定的抑制作用。 相似文献
10.
固定化漆酶对染料酸性紫43的脱色和降解 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用自制复合型载体丙烯酸酯类聚合物固定的漆酶对染料酸性紫43进行脱色处理。研究了固定化酶的用量、底物浓度、温度、pH对其降解效果的影响。结果表明,固定化漆酶脱色降解酸性紫43的适宜条件为:酶用量12.5 U/mL,染料浓度150 mg/L,反应的温度范围在45~55℃,pH值范围在4.5~5.0。在上述条件下降解4h,染料酸性紫43脱色率能达到98.5%。重复分批使用固定化漆酶处理染料酸性紫43,在使用8批次后,脱色率仍然能保持在90%以上,其催化效率得到了很大提高。 相似文献
11.
The activity and stability of commercial laccase (DeniLite base) in three different water soluble ionic liquids (ILs) (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium 2-(2-methoxyethoxy) ethylsulfate, [emim][[MDEGSO4], 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate, [emim][EtSO4], and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium methanesulfonate, [emim][MeSO3]) have been studied and compared to that in two organic solvents (acetonitrile and dimethyl sulfoxide). Initial enzyme activities were similar among the ILs if the same conditions were used. A high reduction on initial enzyme activity was found with acidic pH (5.0). The effect of pH and solvent concentration on enzyme stability were investigated in more detail for 1 week. The enzyme maintained a high stability at pH 9.0 for all ILs tested. [emim][MDEGSO4] was the most promising IL for laccase with an activity loss of about 10% after 7 days of incubation. The kinetic studies in the presence of ABTS as substrate allowed to calculate the Michaelis- Menten parameters. Good agreement was found between experimental data and calculated values using the Michaelis-Menten mechanism, with a total average relative deviation of 2.1%. 相似文献
12.
Purification and biochemical characterization of extracellular laccase from the ascomycete Paraconiothyrium variabile 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
An extracellular laccase-producing ascomycete was isolated from soil and identified as Paraconiothyrium variabile using rDNA sequence analysis. Typical laccase substrates including 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS), 2,6-dimethoxyphenol (DMP), and guaiacol were oxidized by the purified enzyme (designated as PvL). The molecular mass of PvL was 84 kDa and it showed a pI value of 4.2. The enzyme acted optimally at pH 4.8 and exhibited an optimum temperature of 50 °C. Using ABTS, PvL represented Km and Vmax of 203 μM and 40 μmol min(-1) mg(-1), respectively. After 24 h incubation at pH 4.8 and 4 °C, 80% of the initial activity of PvL remained. The enzyme was inhibited by Fe2+, Hg2+, and Mn2+, but induced by Cu2+. EDTA (10 mM), 1,4-dithiothreitol (DTT) (0.1 mM), and NaN3 (10 mM) were found to completely inhibit PvL. Sixty-eight percent of Malachite green was decolorized by 4 U/mL of PvL after 15 min incubation at 30 °C. 相似文献
13.
Guo Li-Qiong Lin Shuo-Xin Zheng Xiao-Bing Huang Zi-Rou Lin Jun-Fang 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2011,27(3):731-735
A thermostable laccase was isolated from a tropical white-rot fungus Polyporus sp. which produced as high as 69,738 units of laccase l−1 in an optimized medium containing 20 g of malt extract l−1, 2 g of yeast extract l−1, 1.5 mM CuSO4. The laccase was purified to electrophoretic purity with a final purification of 44.70-fold and a recovery yield of 21.04%.
The purified laccase was shown to be a monomeric enzyme with a molecular mass of 60 kDa. The optimum temperature and pH value
of the laccase were 75°C and pH 4.0, respectively, for 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS). The Michaelis–Menten
constant (K
m
) of the laccase was 18 μM for ABTS substrate. The laccase was stable at pH values between 5.5 and 7.5. About 80% of the initial
enzyme activity was retained after incubation of the laccase at 70°C for 2 h, indicating that the laccase was intrinsically
highly thermostable and with valuable potential applications. The laccase activity was promoted by 4.0 mM of Mg2+, Mn2+, Zn2+ and Ca2+, while inhibited by 4.0 mM of Co2+, Al3+, Cu2+, and Fe2+, showing different profiles of metal ion effects. 相似文献
14.
《Journal of Molecular Catalysis .B, Enzymatic》1998,4(1-2):13-23
The kinetics and stability of a laccase isolated and purified from the fungal strain Cerrena unicolor were studied. The enzyme was produced in a great yield without inducers. Kinetic parameters were determined by using 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) as substrate. At high ABTS concentrations (> 10 mM) a substrate inhibition phenomenon appeared and an inhibition constant Ki of 24 mM was determined. The pH- and temperature-profiles as well as the sensitivity of the enzyme to several deactivation agents were almost similar to those observed with laccase from different origins. Freezing-thawing treatment, high temperature, acidic pH (< 3.0) and acetonitrile strongly affected laccase activity. The laccase showed a good ability to oxidize different phenolic substances; a significant enhancing effect was showed by ABTS acting as co-substrate. These results seem to suggest that this new laccase preparation may be suitable for environmental purposes. 相似文献
15.
《Process Biochemistry》2010,45(4):507-513
The extracellular laccase produced by the ascomycete Trichoderma atroviride was purified and characterized and its ability to transform phenolic compounds was determined. The purified laccase had activity towards typical substrates of laccases including 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS), dimethoxyphenol (2,6-DMP), syringaldazine and hydroquinone. The enzyme was a monomeric protein with an apparent molecular mass of 80 kDa and an isoelectric point of 3.5. The pH optima for the oxidation of ABTS and 2,6-DMP were 3 and 5, respectively, and the optimum temperature was 50 °C with 2,6-DMP. The laccase was stable at slightly acidic pH (4 and 5). It retained 80% of its activity after 4 h incubation at 40 °C. Under standard assay conditions, Km values of the enzyme were 2.5 and 1.6 mM towards ABTS and 2,6-DMP, respectively. This enzyme was able to oxidize aromatic compounds present in industrial and agricultural wastewater, as catechol and o-cresol, although the transformation of chlorinated phenols required the presence of ABTS as mediator. 相似文献
16.
González Arzola K Polvillo O Arias ME Perestelo F Carnicero A González-Vila FJ Falcón MA 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2006,73(1):141-150
An industrial kraft pine lignin (Indulin AT, KL) was characterized and treated in both aqueous-buffered media and dioxane to water, either with a partially purified laccase from Fusarium proliferatum or with the laccase plus 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic-acid (ABTS) as mediator. The changes in the lignin after different incubation periods were analyzed through the application of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), UV–visible (Vis) spectroscopy and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). At the onset of incubation, laccase-treated samples showed a slight polymerization and strong modifications in UV–Vis spectra. Through Py-GC/MS, a decrease in phenolic and methoxy-bearing pyrolysis products was observed, in contrast to an increase in the more oxidized products. After longer incubation periods (48 h) a substantial polymerization was detected by HPLC, along with a decrease in the guaiacyl (G) units. In contrast, the analysis by HPLC of the samples recovered from the laccase-ABTS system (LMS) showed an intense depolymerization, accompanied by a sizeable loss in G units and a decrease in the methyl and ethyl side-chain phenolic compounds. These results provide conclusive evidence of a rapid initial attack of the industrial lignin by laccase and notable modifications in the KL after longer incubation periods with laccase or LMS. 相似文献
17.
An alkalophilic laccase from gamma-proteobacterium JB was applied to wheat straw-rich soda pulp to check its bleaching potential by using response surface methodology based on central composite design. The design was employed by selecting laccase units, ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) concentration and pH as model factors. The results of second order factorial design experiments showed that all three independent variables had significant effect on brightness and kappa number of laccase-treated pulp. Optimum conditions for biobleaching of pulp with laccase preparation (specific activity, 65 nkat mg(-1) protein) were 20 nkat g(-1) of pulp, 2mM ABTS and pH 8.0 which enhanced brightness by 5.89% and reduced kappa number by 21.1% within 4h of incubation at 55 degrees C, without further alkaline extraction of pulp. Tear index (8%) and burst index (18%) also improved for laccase-treated pulp as compared to control raw pulp. Treatment of chemically (CEH1H2) bleached pulp with laccase showed significant effect on release of chromophores, hydrophobic and reducing compounds. Laccase-prebleaching of raw pulp reduced the use of hypochlorite by 10% to achieve brightness of resultant hand sheets similar to the fully chemically bleached pulp. 相似文献
18.
Constant laccase activities were detected in culture supernatant of newly isolated basidiomycete Trametes gallica. Tryptone and glucose have great effects on the production of laccase. Two laccase isoenzymes (Lac I and Lac II) produced by T. gallica were purified to homogeneity (51- and 50-fold, respectively) by gel filtration chromatography, anion exchange chromatography, and improved native PAGE, with an overall yield of 24.8%. Lac I and Lac II from this fungus are glycoproteins with 3.6% and 4% carbohydrate content, the same molecular masses (by SDS-PAGE) of 60 kDa, and the pI of 3.1 and 3.0, respectively. Native gel electrophoresis indicates that the two laccases have different migration ratios. Lac I and Lac II have the same optimal pH of 3.0 on 2,6-dimethoxyphenol (DMP), pH 2.2 on 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), and of pH 4.0 on guaiacol. The highest rate of ABTS oxidation for both laccases was reached at 70 degrees C. Both laccases are stable from pH 6 to 9, retaining 88-90% activity after 24 hr incubation, and show good stability when incubated at temperatures lower than 40 degrees C. The Km values of Lac I for ABTS, DMP, and guaiacol are 0.118 x 10(-2), 0.420, and 0.405 mM, respectively; the Km values of Lac II for ABTS, DMP, and guaiacol are 0.086 x 10(-2), 0.41, and 0.40 mM, respectively. Their N-terminal sequences are determined and show strong similarity with those from other basidiomycetes. Graphite-furnace atomic absorption analysis revealed that both laccases have four copper atoms per protein molecule, but they have no type I copper signal at around 600 nm and a type III copper signal near 330 nm. Cyanide, azide, and halides completely inhibit the enzyme activity, whereas EDTA has less inhibition. 相似文献
19.
A homogenous enzyme with both bilirubin oxidase and laccase activities was isolated from a submerged culture of the basidiomycete
Pleurotus ostreatus mycelium and characterized. The yield of the enzyme was 127 μg/g dry biomass of the mycelium. The specific activity of the
enzyme was 21 and 261 U/mg to bilirubin and to a laccase substrate ABTS, respectively. The intracellular phenol oxidase from
the P. ostreatus mycelium was identified as bilirubin oxidase with the amino acid sequence highly homologous to that of the pox2 gene-encoded product. The enzyme displayed the maximal laccase activity at 50–55°C to all substrates examined, whereas the
pH optimum was substrate-dependent and changed from 3.0 for ABTS to 7.0 for syringaldazine and guaiacol. The enzyme maintained
catalytic activity within a broad pH range but was inactivated at pH 4.0. The enzyme was thermostable but very sensitive to
metal chelating inhibitors. Trypan Blue (5 mg/liter) was completely decolorizated upon 3 h of incubation with the bilirubin
oxidase (20 mU/ml) at room temperature. 相似文献