Account of a family showing Minor-Brachydaetyly

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Account of a family showing Minor-Brachydaetyly

     

Culture: The Anthropologists' Account

Culture: The Anthropologists' Account. Adam Kuper. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999. 299 pp.     

洪德元院士传略

洪德元,植物分类与进化生物学家,1937年1月生于安徽绩溪.1962年毕业于复旦大学生物系.当年考上中国科学院植物研究所研究生,师从钟补求和简焯坡两位研究员.1979年9月经全国统一考试被派遣去瑞典隆德大学进修,1981年9月按期返国.1986年晋升为副研究员;1988年晋升为研究员;1990年被国务院学位委员会授予博士生导师资格,同年被人事部授予国家级有突出贡献的中青年专家称号;1991年被选为中国科学院院士.1987～1991年任中国科学院系统与进化植物学开放研究实验室副主任,1991～2001年任主任.1998～2003年任中国植物学会副理事长.1999年起兼任浙江大学生命科学学院院长.2000年起兼任国家自然科学基金委员会生命科学部主任.1998年被选为美国植物学会和日本植物学会通讯会员;同年被选为国际植物物种项目(世界植物志)指导委员会委员.     

杨弘远教授传略

杨弘远于 1 93 3年 9月 2 6日出生于湖北武汉 ,祖籍湖南长沙。抗日战争期间 ,他随家迁往四川乐山 ,先后在乐嘉小学、武汉大学附属中学初中部学习。 1 946年迁回武汉。 1 947年后在博文中学和东湖中学高中部学习 ,1 950年毕业。同年考入武汉大学生物系 ,主修植物学课程。 1 954年毕业后留任该系助教 ,先后在植物教研室、遗传教研室工作。期间担任过生物学、植物学、遗传学、植物解剖大实验等课的讲授与实验。他在自学钻研过程中 ,对植物有性生殖产生了特殊浓厚的兴趣。在他的请求下 ,1 960年单位派他前往中国科学院植物研究所 ,师从王伏雄先…     

刘思职教授生平简介

<正>刘思职男1904年3月15日生于福建仙游; 1983年8月18日卒于北京。曾任中国科学院学部委员,中国生理科学会理事长。刘思职教授出身于书香门第,有兄弟6人,排行第二。父亲为学堂教师,后供职于清朝史部任小吏,中学时代,其父已病逝。妻陈琼瑛勤劳贤惠育三女一子,均在医     

中国药用真菌概述

药用真菌是具有保健和治疗疾病作用的一类真菌,我国药用真菌资源丰富,而且是利用真菌治病最早的国家,随着科学研究的不断深入,药用真菌将在医学领域发挥愈来愈大的作用,具有很大的开发潜能。介绍了我国现阶段报道有药用价值的主要种类,概述了药用真菌的主要化学成分以及生物功效,并展望今后我国药用真菌发展的前景。     

A Defence of the Counterfactual Account of Harm

In order to determine whether a particular course of conduct is ethically permissible it is important to have a concept of what it means to be harmed. The dominant theory of harm is the counterfactual account, most famously proposed by Joel Feinberg. This determines whether harm is caused by comparing what actually happened in a given situation with the ‘counterfacts’ i.e. what would have occurred had the putatively harmful conduct not taken place. If a person's interests are worse off than they otherwise would have been, then a person will be harmed. This definition has recently faced challenges from bioethicists such as John Harris, Guy Kahane and Julian Savulescu who, believing it to be severely flawed, have proposed their own alternative theories of the concept. In this article I will demonstrate that the shortcomings Harris, Kahane and Savulescu believe are present in Feinberg's theory are illusory and that it is their own accounts of harm that are fraught with logical errors. I maintain that the arguments presented to refute Feinberg's theory not only fail to achieve this goal and can be accommodated within the counterfactual account but that they actually undermine the theories presented by their respective authors. The final conclusion will be that these challenges are misconceived and fail to displace the counterfactual theory.     

Outline of an Explanatory Account of Cladistic Practice

A naturalistic account of the strengths and limitations of cladistic practice is offered. The success of cladistics is claimed to be largely rooted in the parsimony-implementing congruence test. Cladists may use the congruence test to iteratively refine assessments of homology, and thereby increase the odds of reliable phylogenetic inference under parsimony. This explanation challenges alternative views which tend to ignore the effects of parsimony on the process of character individuation in systematics. In a related theme, the concept of homeostatic property cluster natural kinds is used to explain why cladistics is well suited to provide a traditional, verbal reference system for the evolutionary properties of species and clades. The advantages of more explicitly probabilistic approaches to phylogenetic inference appear to manifest themselves in situations where evolutionary homeostasis has for the most part broken down, and predictive classifications are no longer possible.     

A Preliminary Account of the Tardigrades of Newfoundland

This is the first published report of tardigrades in Newfoundland and Labrador. Twenty-six species have been identified so far, including four new records for Canada and one new record for North America. Although there is some overlap of species with those found in earlier Canadian studies, there are some interesting discrepancies. The rare occurrence and restricted distribution of the very few heterotardigrades (three species and 30 specimens) found so far in Newfoundland is noteworthy, as is the occurrence of several tardigrade species whose former records have been mainly for Greenland. It appears the environmental conditions in Newfoundland can support a number of species that would normally be restricted to a more northerly distribution. A comparison of the species found in Newfoundland with those of a number of other northern countries suggests that the Newfoundland species are most similar to those found in Greenland and mainland Canada.