云南产玉米须的化学成分研究

从玉米须60%乙醇提取液中分离得到了14个化合物,经波谱学方法分别鉴定为柯伊利素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(1)、柯伊利素-6-C-β-波伊文糖-7-O-β-葡萄糖苷(2)、柯伊利素-6-C-β-波伊文糖苷(3)、L-鼠李糖(4)、豆甾-4-烯-3β,6β-二醇(5)、7α-羟基谷甾醇(6)、7β-羟基谷甾醇(7)、胡萝卜苷棕榈酸酯(8)、大豆脑苷I(9)、7α-羟基谷甾醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(10)、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(11)、棕榈酸(12)、胡萝卜苷(13)和β-谷甾醇(14),其中化合物1、4和7～12为首次从玉米须中分离得到。     

玫瑰红景天化学成分研究

采用大孔吸附树脂、硅胶柱、ADS-5C反相柱和制备HPLC色谱技术对新疆产玫瑰红景天根茎中的植物化学成分进行提取分离和纯化研究,从中分离得到15个化合物。通过理化方法及1H、13C NMR等方法鉴定为:对-O-β-吡喃葡萄糖基-苯-2-丁酮(1)、6’-O-没食子酰-红景天苷(2)、对-O-β-吡喃葡萄糖基-苯丙烯酸(3)、7-甲氧基香豆素(4)、表没食子儿茶素-3-没食子酸酯(5)、苯乙基-6-O-β-葡萄糖苷(6)、对羟基苯甲酸(7)、红景天苷(8)、肉桂醇-6’-O-α-吡喃阿拉伯糖基-O-β-吡喃葡萄弹苷(9)、肉桂醇-6’-O-α-吡喃木糖-O-β-吡喃葡萄弹苷(10)、肉桂醇-6’-O-α-呋喃阿拉伯糖基-O-β-吡喃葡萄弹苷(11)、肉桂醇-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄弹苷(12)、对-羟基-苯乙醇(13)、3,7-二甲基-2,6-二烯-1,4-二辛醇(14)、3,7-二甲基-2,6-二烯-1,4-二辛醇-O-β-吡喃葡萄糖苷(15)。其中化合物1～4为首次在玫瑰红景天发现。     

桑白皮的化学成分研究

采用硅胶和凝胶柱层析方法对桑白皮(Cortex Mori)的化学成分进行分离纯化,并根据理化性质和光谱数据分析鉴定得到11个化合物,分别是:羟基白藜芦醇(Hydroxyresveratrol,1),桑叶苷A(mulberroside A,2),熊果酸(ursolic acid,3),3-乙酰基-α-香树酯醇(3-acetyl-α-amyranol,4),熊果烷(ursane,5),β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,6),胡萝卜苷(daucosterol,7),十六碳烷酸(palmitic acid,8),十八碳烷酸(stearic acid,9),二十六烷酸-α-单甘油酯(α-glycerol monohexacosanoate,10),二十八烷酸-α-单甘油酯(α-glycerol monooctacosanoate,11)。其中化合物5、8～11均为首次从桑白皮中获得。     

大花红景天多元酚类化学成分的研究

从大花红景天Rhodiola crenulata (HK.f.et thoms)H.Ohba的乙酸乙酯提取物中分离出12个多元酚类化合物。其中六个经光谱分析和化学方法鉴定为没食子酸(gallic acid,1),酪醇(p-tyrosol,2),6-氧-没食子酰基红景天甙(6-O-galloylsalidroside,3),1,2,3,4,6-五氧-没食子酰基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖(1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-gluco pyranoside,4),草质素-7-氧-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖甙(rhodionin,5),草质素-7-氧-(3-氧-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基)-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖甙(rhodiosin,6),1和4具有抗毒肝素的活性,4还有抗脂质过氧化的活性,2,5,6具有提高机体抗逆境能力的活性。     

虎尾草化学成分研究

从虎尾草Lysimachia barystachys地上部分中分得8个已知黄酮苷类化合物,通过波谱解析其结构分别鉴定为槲皮素(1),山奈酚(2),金丝桃苷(3)、芦丁(4)、3,5,7,3',4'-五羟基黄酮-3-O-(2,6-二-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(5),3,5,7,3',4'-五羟基黄酮-7-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1-2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6),3,5,7,4'-四羟基黄酮-3-O-(2,6-二-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷(7),3,5,7,4'-四羟基黄酮-7-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖-3-O-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖(1-2)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(8).这些化合物除3,4外均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

空心莲子草的化学成分研究

用硅胶柱层析和凝胶柱层析对药用植物空心莲子草Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.)Griseb全草的石油醚提取物进行分离纯化,从中分离得到7个化合物,通过波谱学数据和已知化合物数据作比较,分别鉴定为2-羟基-3-甲基-蒽醌(2-hydroxy-3-methyl-anthraquinone,1),2-羟基-1-甲氧基-蒽醌(2-hydroxy-1-methoxyl-anthraquinone,2),二十四烷酸α-单甘油酯(tetracosanoic acid 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester,3),二十六烷酸α-单甘油酯(hexacosanoic acid 2,3-dihydroxypropyl ester,4),十八烷酸α-单甘油酯(monostearin,5),△5,22-豆甾烯醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷-6′-棕榈酸酯(△5, 22-stigmast-3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-6′-hexadecanoate,6),豆甾醇-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,7).化合物1和2为首次从该植物中分离得到,3～6均首次从该属植物中分离得到.     

地菍的化学成分(英文)

为了研究野牡丹科药用植物地菍(Melastoma dodecandrum)的化学成分,采用柱层析方法分离鉴定了15个化合物,通过波谱分析及对比文献等方法鉴定为4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-3,3',4'-三甲氧基鞣花酸(1),槲皮素3-O-刺槐二糖苷(2),8-C-吡喃葡萄糖基-5,7,3',4'-四羟基黄酮(3),3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-4',5,7-三羟基黄酮(4),6-C-吡喃葡萄糖基-4',5,7-三羟基黄酮(5),3-hydroxy-22(29)-hopen-23-oic acid(6),2,3-dihydroxy-9(11)-fernen-23-oic acid(7),3β-sitosterol laminaribioside(8),姜糖酯B(9),3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside-glycerol1-alkanoates(10),胡萝卜苷(11),β-谷甾醇(12),二十八烷醇(13),二十四烷酸(14)以及三十四烷(15)化合物结构。所有化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

秃叶黄皮树叶子的化学成分研究(英文)

从秃叶黄皮树叶子(Phellodendron chinensevar.glabriusculumSchneid)分离到7个化合物,经波谱解析鉴定为6-O-乙酰基黄柏苷(1),6-O-乙酰基二氢黄柏苷(2),(2R)-4′,5-二羟基-7-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-8-异戊烯基-二氢黄酮(3),黄柏苷(4),2-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-6-羟基-苯甲酸苄酯(5),柑橘素C(6),3-羰基齐墩果烷(7),其中化合物1～3,5～7为首次从秃叶黄皮树叶子中分离得到。     

马比木根的化学成分研究

通过硅胶、MCI和Sephadex LH-20反复柱层析、纯化,从马比木根的甲醇提取物中分离得到14个化合物,运用现代波谱技术鉴定为β-谷甾醇(1),β-胡萝卜苷(2),7-酮基-β-谷甾醇(3),β-sitosteryl-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-2'-O-palmitate(4),5α,6β-二羟基胡萝卜苷(5),羽扇豆醇(6),3-乙酰氧基-12-齐墩果烯-28醇(7),喜树碱(8),9-甲氧基喜树碱(9),10-羟基喜树碱(10),9-methoxy-mappicine-20-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(11),mappicine-20-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(12),(3S)-pumiloside(13),(-)-(3S)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline-3-carboxylic acid(14)。化合物1~7、9~14为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

幌伞枫叶的化学成分研究

为了解幌伞枫(Heteropanax fragrans)的药理活性化学基础,从其叶的乙醇提取物中分离得到8个化合物,经波谱分析分别鉴定为:(7S,8R)-蛇菰脂醛素-4-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(1)、4β,10α-香木兰烷二醇(2)、原儿茶酸(3)、3′-甲氧基-槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(4)、山柰酚-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(6)、槲皮素-3-O-β-D-芸香糖苷(7)和山柰酚-3-O-β-D-芸香糖苷(8)。这8个化合物均为首次从幌伞枫中分离得到。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.