“以成果为导向，以赛促学”理念下微生物学实验教学改革与实践

微生物学实验是生物工程专业的核心课程之一，优质的课程教学对培养学生的创新能力和实践能力至关重要。文章对微生物实验课程教学改革的背景进行了分析，并阐述了在课程目标、实验项目、教学方法和考核评价等方面进行具体改革的措施，以期培养学生的创新能力和实践能力，实现生物工程专业实践类课程的长效改革，同时为相关专业课程的教学改革提供参考。     

生化分离工程课程教学改革与探讨

生化分离技术是生物工程专业的必修专业课,是一门理论性和实践性都很强的课程。在高等教育面临着开展素质教育、培养创新型人才的新形势下,面对教学时数少,学生学习兴趣不高的现实,针对课程教学方法以及考核方式进行了改革,加强课内师生互动和课外学生自学能力的培养,变单一期末考试考核为全面能力评价以提高学生学习兴趣和教学质量。实践证明,通过教学改革,学生提高了学习兴趣,巩固了学科知识,增强了创新能力。     

发酵工程实验教学改革初探

发酵工程作为生物工程专业学生的必修课程,是一门实践性极强的学科。为了在发酵工程实验教学中训练学生科学的思维和方法、培养适合于社会需求的创新型、综合型人才,在发酵工程实验课程内容、教学方法和考核方式等方面进行了初步改革,并取得了较好的效果。     

发酵工程实验教学改革初探

发酵工程作为生物工程专业学生的必修课程,是一门实践性极强的学科。为了在发酵工程实验教学中训练学生科学的思维和方法、培养适合于社会需求的创新型、综合型人才,在发酵工程实验课程内容、教学方法和考核方式等方面进行了初步改革,并取得了较好的效果。     

生物技术专业微生物遗传学教学改革初探

当前信息技术对教育观念、教育方式、学习活动、教育模式、教学目标都带来变革 ,我们对当前生物技术专业微生物遗传学的教学进行改革探索 ,使之适应目前信息社会教育的要求。从教学内容、教学方法与考核方式 3个方面介绍我们的改革内容 ,供同行指正。     

中药学专业微生物学教学课程设计探索

对中药学专业微生物学课程教学内容及模式进行优化改革，以期提升课程的教学质量，进一步激发学生的学习兴趣，夯实基础知识和专业技能。首先分析了目前中药学专业开设的微生物学课程中出现的实际问题，其次在总课时不变的前提下，基于中药材及其相关微生物，并结合地方及中医药特色，进行教学内容的调整、教学手段的改革和考核方式的完善等，使该门课程更符合专业发展需求。在理论教学中调整课时比例，突出微生物学基础知识及微生物在药学中的应用两部分内容。在实践教学中进行分层教学，加深学生对课程知识的理解，同时突出目标导向，培养学生综合实践能力。在教学手段方面，采用模块化与其他教学模式相结合的方式，帮助学生构建微生物学相关知识体系，理解并掌握所学知识。此外，增加平时学习情况及实践方面的考核比例，促使学生重视课程学习及实践能力培养。课程优化后，学生的学习难度有所下降，学习目标更加明确，所学的微生物学知识与中药学专业联系更为密切，更加符合人才培养目标。     

应用型专业《微生物学实验》教学模式改革及实践

《微生物学实验》是生物、食品、农业、环保及制药类专业的必修基础课。该课程的开展对提高学生的动手能力和应用技术能力至关重要。但是,《微生物学实验》所采用的传统教学方法无法满足应用型技术人才的培养需求。本文在分析当前《微生物学实验》教学中存在的不足,结合生物工程专业的特点,有针对性地从《微生物学实验》课程的授课体系、实验顺序、师资队伍、数字课程建设以及考核方式等提出了相对应的改革思路和完善措施。该课程的改革充分发挥了专业基础课程在应用型人才培养中的作用,达到了提高学生动手能力和应用技术能力的目的,为解决当前应用型人才供需矛盾提供了有效路径。     

生物工程专业校企协同人才培养模式的创新与实践

伴随着我国生物工程相关行业的高质量发展，与之相关的人才需求及培养质量也受到广泛关注。为解决高校生物工程专业人才培养工作未能紧密契合行业企业所需等方面的不足，切实发挥专业特色，有效深化校企合作，促使专业建设与产业发展相适应，南京多所高校生物工程专业围绕培养“品行正、学习好、能力强”人才，立足学科比较优势，大力推行并持续优化校企协同人才培养模式，突出科产教融合，注重创新教育教学方法、提质工程实践教育。前期育人成效表明，该模式提升了学生的工程实践能力和综合素养，得到了用人单位和学生等的认可。     

生物工程专业微生物学理论课教学改革的探索*

课程教学改革是高等学校教育改革的主要内容。微生物学是生物工程专业的必修专业基础课,是一门理论性和实践性都很强的课程。在高等教育面临着素质教育、培养创新人才的新形势下,面对教学时数少,学生的知识层次不齐、实验能力较差的实际,对该课程的教学内容、教学方法和考核方法进行了一些改革,取得了较好的效果。就生物工程专业微生物学教学改革提出了一些见解和设想。     

生物工程专业微生物学理论课教学改革的探索

课程教学改革是高等学校教育改革的主要内容。微生物学是生物工程专业的必修专业基础课,是一门理论性和实践性都很强的课程。在高等教育面临着素质教育、培养创新人才的新形势下,面对教学时数少,学生的知识层次不齐、实验能力较差的实际。对该课程的教学内容、教学方法和考核方法进行了一些改革,取得了较好的效果。就生物工程专业微生物学教学改革提出了一些见解和设想。     

Exercise-induced hormone responses in girls at different stages of sexual maturation

The dependence of exercise-induced hormone responses on sexual maturation was tested in a 3-year longitudinal experiment on 34 girls (aged 11–12 years at the beginning). Sexual maturation was evaluated by Tanners five-stage scale. Children cycled for 20-min at 60% maximal oxygen uptake once a year. Cortisol, insulin, growth hormone, β-oestradiol, progesterone and testosterone concentrations in venous blood were determined by radioimmunoassay procedures. Basal concentrations of growth hormone increased and of cortisol decreased when breast stage III was reached. Reaching breast stage IV was associated with an increase in basal concentrations of β-oestradiol, progesterone and testosterone. The exercise induced significant increases in concentrations of cortisol, growth hormone and β-oestradiol and a decrease in insulin concentration. At breast stage III the increase in cortisol concentration was to a lower level [467 (SEM 42) vs 567 (SEM 46)nmol · l⁻¹] and growth hormone concentration to a higher level [29.4 (SEM 0.5) vs 12.8 (SEM 0.4)ng · ml⁻¹], while the fall in insulin concentration was less pronounced [postexercise level 10.6 (SEM 0.9) vs 7.8 (SEM 0.8)mU · l⁻¹] than in stage II. The magnitude of the cortisol response was reduced in the last stage of breast development (+42.1% vs +55.5% at stage II, +66.2% at stage III, and +50.0% at stage IV). The magnitude of β-oestradiol response was the lowest in breast stage IV (+15.8%) and the highest at stage V (+41.1%). The progesterone response became significant at stage IV and testosterone response at stage V. In conclusion, we found that reaching breast stage III was associated with altered responses of cortisol, insulin and growth hormone concentrations while the responses of the sex hormone concentrations became pronounced in the last stages of sexual maturation. Accepted: 17 September 1997     

Rethinking the deserving body: altruism,markets, and political action in health care provision

Abstract

I seek to understand two dimensions in the evolution and practices of medical institutions in the USA. First, I ask, how and why do medical organizations limit, suspend, or redirect profit-oriented functions to abide by principles of altruism and still survive in a competitive market economy? Reaching out to poor and immigrant populations entails non-economic factors, including the deployment of religious and humanitarian narratives. Conversely, the extent and character of legislative actions supporting philanthropic endeavours is closely related to mobilization at the grassroots level. I investigate the ways in which community organizations bring about changes to support practices that confound, at least to some extent, market expectations and underscore the significance of political action to secure health care services on behalf of low-income populations, including immigrants.     

关于苏北地区某三甲医院进口与国产医疗设备和耗材使用情况及反馈的研究．

目的：初步了解了进口与国产医疗设备与耗材的发展状况和使用反馈情况,并对国内医疗设备与耗材行业的发展提供合理化建议。方法：通过对苏北地区某三级甲等医院设备科工作人员、医生、护士长、患者及患者家属进行调研或访谈,并以调研和访谈的统计结果为依据得出结论并提出建议。结果：技术成熟的中小型医疗设备或耗材,从质量、价格等因素综合考虑,国内产品优于进口产品,一定程度上得到了医务人员和消费者的认可。在高端大中型医疗设备与耗材方面,进口产品具有较大的技术优势。结论：国内医疗设备生产企业应当积极开展研发工作,提高产品的技术含量与质量,巩固自身在中小型医疗设备与耗材方面的优势,并努力在高端大中型医疗设备与耗材方面取得突破。     

关于苏北地区某三甲医院进口与国产医疗设备和耗材使用情况

目的:初步了解了进口与国产医疗设备与耗材的发展状况和使用反馈情况,并对国内医疗设备与耗材行业的发展提供合理化建议。方法:通过对苏北地区某三级甲等医院设备科工作人员、医生、护士长、患者及患者家属进行调研或访谈,并以调研和访谈的统计结果为依据得出结论并提出建议。结果:技术成熟的中小型医疗设备或耗材,从质量、价格等因素综合考虑,国内产品优于进口产品,一定程度上得到了医务人员和消费者的认可。在高端大中型医疗设备与耗材方面,进口产品具有较大的技术优势。结论:国内医疗设备生产企业应当积极开展研发工作,提高产品的技术含量与质量,巩固自身在中小型医疗设备与耗材方面的优势,并努力在高端大中型医疗设备与耗材方面取得突破。     

Hiatal surfaces from the Miocene Globigerina Limestone Formation of Malta: Biostratigraphy, sedimentology, trace fossils and early diagenesis

The Miocene Globigerina Limestone of the Maltese islands contains widespread omission surfaces with very different characteristics and origins.The terminal Lower Globigerina Limestone hardground (TLGLHg) formed during a period of falling sea level. Coccolith assemblages suggest shallowness. Sedimentary structures and trace fossil assemblages, indicate increasing frequency of storm events and erosional episodes, towards the surface. Calcite cementation which took place around Thalassinoides burrows and formed irregular nodules was followed by dissolution of aragonite. It is suggested that lithification was linked to microbial reactions involving organic matter.In contrast two later surfaces, the terminal Middle Globigerina Limestone omissionground (TMGLOg), which marks the Lower to Middle Miocene boundary, and the Fomm-ir-Rih local hardground (FiRLHg) both contain early diagenetic dolomite. Lithification took place in two phases. The dolomite is interpreted to have formed beneath the sea floor; it was subsequently exhumed and partially corroded as the precipitation of calcitic and phosphatic cements took place around burrows open to the circulation of sea water.     

Comparative study of major lipid constituents in human and monkey aorta

The contents of total lipids, phospholipids, cholesterol, triglyceride and free fatty acid in intima and media of thoracic and abdominal segments of aorta from normal human subjects and rhesus monkeys were determined. An increase in total lipids in intima as compared to that of media was noted in both species. A comparison of lipid contents of thoracic and abdominal segments from both species revealed that abdominal segment contained significantly greater lipid. Further, human thoracic and abdominal aortic intima and media had higher content of cholesterol as compared to that of monkey aorta. The differences in lipid profile in aorta of these two species have been highlighted to provide a clue with respect to the differences in the prevalence and morphology of atherosclerosis as seen in monkey and man.     

植物引种驯化研究概述

植物引种驯化是植物学的一个分支学科,该学科与植物的迁地保护和当地的经济建设紧密相关,属于应用基础研究的范畴。但有关理论和方法的研究至今仍显得比较零碎,不够系统,判断植物引种驯化成功的标准尚不够明确。本文就植物引种驯化的概念和意义、主要理论和方法、影响其成败的因子、途径和程序、判断植物引种驯化成功的标准等进行了综述和探讨,并提出了植物引种驯化的展望。     

论＂医德＂的基本范畴

医德是医疗卫生领域精神文明建设的重要部分,也是调整医务人员与病人、医务人员之间以及与社会之间关系的行为准则。医德范畴是指人们对现代医务人员职业道德和医患关系的总结,它不仅概括了医生所应履行的职责义务,而且反映着一段时间内医患关系的本质。本文通过对医德范畴内,医生的权利和义务、责任和良心、功力和荣誉、审慎和保密四类问题的阐述,探讨当下医生在工作中应该保持何种心态,如何与患者进行沟通,以期更好地提供医疗服务。     

Free and ester-bound triterpene alcohols and sterols in cellular subfractions of Calendula officinalis flowers

In the chromoplast fraction and in the chromoplast-free fraction, obtained from Calendula officinalis ligulate flowers, the contents of individual free and ester-bound triterpene alcohols and sterols as well as the fatty acid components of the ester form were determined. It was shown that all sterols and triterpene monols in both forms occur in the two subtractions investigated, whereas all diols are localized only in the chromoplast fraction. The compositions of the fatty acids esterifying monols and sterols were similar to those esterifying diols in the chromoplasts. However, the fatty acids esterifying extra-chromoplast monols and sterols were different. This result indicates that triterpene monol esters are substrates for the biosynthesis of 3-monoesters of diols.