不同学历实习护生对带教老师素质能力期望现状调查

目的调查护生对临床带教老师素质能力期望现状,有针对性地加强护理临床带教教师队伍建设。方法采用吕岩编制的《护理本科生临床实习情况调查问卷》对龙岩市三甲医院实习的不同学历实习护生165名进行问卷调查,并对不同学历实习护生对带教老师素质能力期望现状调查的结果进行统计分析,从教学计划、带教教学能力、学生参与实践、带教监督管理、护生评价体系五个维度评价实习护生对带教老师的期望现状。结果不同学历实习护生在带教老师的教学能力、学生参与实践、带教监督管理、护生评价体系得分比较,差异具有统计学意义(均P0.05);教学计划得分比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论不同学历实习护生对带教老师素质能力期望具有差异性,护生实习管理体系尚未健全,需要进一步提升。     

临床护理实习带教教师的专业素质与师德修养

教师素质直接影响学生身心的发展和学生素质的提高。建设一支师德高尚、敬业爱生、业务精湛的高素质教师队伍,是学校发展之本,也是学校持续发展和增强竞争力的必然要求。临床实习带教老师的专业素质与师德修养是提高护理学生整体素质能力的基本保证。只有提高临床实习带教老师的专业素质与师德修养水平,与学校的整体素质教育相结合,才能全面提高护理教育教学质量,为我国护理事业培养和输送高素质的、实用型的护理人才提供保证。     

病案信息管理专业疾病分类和手术操作编码实习带教工作研究

病案信息作为临床病案管理的重要组成部分,其管理质量决定医疗机构的发展前景.目前,随着医疗信息化的发展,病案信息管理工作的要求提高,相应的对病案管理专业人才的需求质量也提高.本文概述了病案信息管理专业内容,并分析了学生在带教中对病案信息管理工作所具备的能力与不足,通过发掘学生的潜能,改进实习带教方式,为病案实习生带教工作...     

病理学住院医师规范化培训中医学人文素质的培养

医学人文培养是良好医患沟通的力量源泉,是心理健康的必要保障,同时也是医学发展的有力支撑。住院医师规范化培训是医学生毕业进入临床的重要阶段,因此医学人文素质的培养不可或缺。而目前我国病理学住院医师规范化培训仍然是以专业课程及技术实践为主导,人文教育还处于边缘地带,有些带教导师自身缺乏人文素养,上行下效,必然会影响住院医师的人文精神。此外,与临床科室及病患沟通的欠缺也是目前病理住院医师规范化培训中面临的一大问题。我院病理科将人文素质的培养贯穿于整个规范化培训中,培养其"医者仁心,对生命负责"的工作理念;秉持"终身学习"的工作态度,不断提高自己的诊断水平,保障患者医疗安全;不断提高带教导师人文素养,在带教过程中融入人文关怀;不断提高病理与临床、患者的沟通,协调医患关系;加强法律、法规教育,维护患者合法权益。     

消毒供应中心实习护士的带教体会

目前我院已经对消毒供应中心实行了规范化的集中式管理[1],而对于实习生的带教任务也应与时俱进,我们只有改革带教方式,才能使实习生学习到更多的临床知识,提高实习生的满意度。     

整形美容外科新护士带教与培训体会

目的：总结整形美容外科新护士带教与培训体会。方法根据整形美容外科的内容,结合我科的实际情况,提出带教老师的要求和带教模式,对我科毕业3年内的35名护士进行带教与培训。结果经过严格选择带教老师,带教老师对新护士按计划的进行带教,使年轻护士能在最短的时间内掌握较全面、系统的护理知识及各种操作技能。结论通过对新护士在整形美容外科有计划的临床带教,提高了新护士的专业知识水平,同时也提高了护理质量。     

临床医学生临床思维能力的培养与探索

目的分析在临床医学生临床思维能力的培养中存在的问题,以探寻有效的培养方法。方法以2013年6月-2014年6月于我院实习的160名五年制本科医学生作为本次研究的学生组,从医院选取30名带教老师作为教师组,对两组人员进行问卷调查,从教与学两方面分析临床医学生临床思维能力培养中存在的问题。结果医学生临床思维能力存在思维被动性、片面性、表面性、依赖性等问题;临床带教老师提出目前临床教学存在的问题包括:理论与实践脱节、临床带教老师缺乏、考试形式单一、教学内容过多、教学方式单一、临床工作量大,备课时间少。结论导致临床医学生临床思维能力薄弱的原因包括医学生自身与带教老师两方面。在临床教学的各个环节中均应该注重对医学生进行临床思维能力的培养,训练他们分析、解决问题的能力,为今后进入临床奠定基础。     

骨科实习教学中的问题及对策

实习教学是培养医学生的重要环节,是理论教学与临床实践的桥梁。根据骨科专业性强、内容繁多,带教老师多肩负繁重临床工作等特点,我们通过加强师资队伍建设,落实带教责任制,明确学习目标,培养学习兴趣,注重基本功训练,规范实施问诊查体,养成独立的临床诊断与治疗思维,重视病历书写,培养临床思维,加强医患交流,掌握常见多发病的诊疗常规,注重动手能力培养,强化骨科影像教学等内容,提高实习生综合素质,达到提高骨科临床教学质量的目的。     

基于不同性别、学历层次妇科护生的临床带教管理

目的探讨临床带教护生的方法,提高临床护理教学质量。方法针对不同性别、学历层次的实习护生进行入科教育,制定合理实习计划,实习期间重视教与学的监控,教师队伍建设,合理配置教师等方面进行严格把关,并在临床带教中因材施教,采取适合其发展的教学管理措施。结果不同性别、学历层次护生能够相互学习、相互指导,在提高护生的主动思维和自学能力同时,也加强了护生之间的团结协助精神。结论通过对不同性别、学历层次护生的临床带教管理,营造了良好学习氛围,同时也改善文化知识结构差异及理论技能熟练程度,提高了他们的临床适应能力及综合素质,顺利完成了妇科实习任务。     

东南亚留学生急诊科临床实习带教体会

目的探讨急诊科东南亚医学留学生临床实习带教方法 ,提高临床实习带教效果。方法回顾性分析我院急诊科在东南亚医学留学生临床实习带教中存在的问题,总结经验教训。结果我院急诊科在东南亚医学留学生临床实习带教实践中积累了丰富的教学经验,但同时也存在诸多不足。结论提升带教老师的英语水准,采用PBL教学模式,合理安排实习内容,切实强化临床基本技能训练及临床思维能力的培养,可提高我院急诊科东南亚医学留学生临床实习带教效果。     

壳聚糖酶的克隆表达与壳寡糖的制备分析

目的:克隆壳聚糖酶基因于大肠杆菌中实现高表达,制备壳寡糖。方法:以枯草芽孢杆菌总DNA为模板扩增壳聚糖酶基因(CSN),克隆至载体pET23a(+)上,转化菌株BL21(DE3)。重组子经0.5 mmol/L IPTG诱导后,SDS-PAGE和质谱检测与鉴定重组酶。酶纯化后水解壳聚糖,薄层色谱分析其水解产物。结果:质谱证明壳聚糖酶(31.5kDa)成功表达,表达量占菌体总蛋白的45%左右。纯化后重组酶浓度为900 mg/L,纯度95%、回收率85%,酶活力为10 000 U/mg。壳聚糖降解产物为壳二糖至壳四糖。结论:原核表达载体pET23a(+)-CSN构建正确,壳聚糖酶表达量与活性高,适用于水解壳聚糖制备壳寡糖。     

国内外蝗害治理技术现状与展望

本文首先概述了国内外蝗虫发生与为害的态势,总结了现阶段我国蝗虫发生与为害的主要特点:即农田飞蝗暴发频繁而且严重,草原土蝗的发生时常造成严重的经济损失,而且侵入城市干扰市民生活,我国与周边国家之间蝗虫过境迁移频繁,使用化学农药污染环境和农产品;分析了国内外蝗虫防治对策与技术的发展现状,重点介绍了应急防治和可持续治理对策、...     

Synthesis and turnover of cerebrosides and phosphatidylserine of myelin and microsomal fractions of adult and developing rat brain.

The synthesis and turnover of cerebrosides and phospholipids was followed in microsomal and myelin fractions of developing and adult rat brains after an intracerebral injection of [U-14C]serine. The kinetics of incorporation of radioactivity into microsomal and myelin cerebrosides indicate the possibility of a precursor-product relationship between cerebrosides of these membranes. The specific radioactivity of myelin cerebrosides was corrected for the deposition of newly formed cerebrosides in myelin. Multiphasic curves were obtained for the decline in specific radioactivity of myelin and microsomal cerebrosides, suggesting different cerebroside pools in these membranes. The half-life of the fast turning-over pool of cerebrosides of myelin was 7 and 22 days for the developing and adult rat brain respectively. The half-life of the slowly turning-over pool of myelin cerebrosides was about 145 days for both groups of animals. The half-life of the rapidly turning-over microsomal cerebrosides was calculated to be 20 and 40 h for the developing and adult animals respectively. The half-life of the intermediate and slowly turning-over microsomal cerebrosides was 11 and 60 days respectively, for both groups of animals. The amount of incorporation of radioactivity into microsomal cerebrosides from L-serine was greatly decreased in the adult animals, and greater amounts of the precursor were directed towards the synthesis of phosphatidylserine. In the developing animals, considerable amounts of cerebrosides were synthesized from L-serine, besides phosphatidylserine. The time-course of incorporation indicated that a precursor-product relationship exists between microsomal and myelin phosphatidylserine. The half-life of microsomal phosphatidylserine was calculated to be about 8 h for the fast turning-over pool in both groups of animals.     

Identification and composition of the tonsillar and anal enterococcal and streptococcal flora of dogs and cats

Enterococcus faecalis was the most frequently isolated enterococcal species from anal swabs and tonsils of dogs and cats, although in the anal samples from dogs Ent. hirae was found almost as often as Ent. faecalis. Most Ent.faecium strains from dog tonsils differed from those associated with humans and other animals in that they fermented sorbitol. Typical Ent. avium as well as atypical Ent. avium -like strains were seen in dogs, while the related species Ent. raffinosus was associated with cat tonsils. Enterococcus cecorum also occurred mainly in cats. Certain atypical strains, presumptively identified as Ent. cecorum , shared characteristics with Ent. columbae.
The most frequent streptococcal species in tonsils of cats and dogs were Streptococcus suis and Strep. canis. Streptococcus canis and Strep. bovis predominated in anal swabs. The canine Strep. suis differed from the common porcine strains in fermenting mannitol.
Forty-seven of the 288 isolates examined could not be identified or related to known species. The characteristics of two groups of these bacteria, provisionally called 'Ton 31 group' and 'O7 group' are described.     

Molecular characterisation of species and genotypes of Cryptosporidium and Giardia and assessment of zoonotic transmission

The molecular characterisation of species and genotypes of Cryptosporidium and Giardia is essential for accurately identifying organisms and assessing zoonotic transmission. Results of recent molecular epidemiological studies strongly suggest that zoonotic transmission plays an important role in cryptosporidiosis epidemiology. In such cases the most prevalent zoonotic species is Cryptosporidium parvum. Genotyping and subtyping data suggest that zoonotic transmission is not as prevalent in the epidemiology of giardiasis. Molecular characterisation of Cryptosporidium and Giardia is a relatively recent application that is evolving as new genes are found that increase the accuracy of identification while discovering a greater diversity of species and yet unnamed taxa within these two important genera. As molecular data accumulate, our understanding of the role of zoonotic transmission in epidemiology and clinical manifestations is becoming clearer.     

Kinetics and thermodynamics of peroxidase- and laccase-catalyzed oxidation of N-substituted phenothiazines and phenoxazines

N -substituted phenothiazines (PTs) and phenoxazines (POs) catalyzed by fungal Coprinus cinereus peroxidase and Polyporus pinsitus laccase were investigated at pH 4–10. In the case of peroxidase, an apparent bimolecular rate constant (expressed as k _cat/K _m) varied from 1 ×10⁷M⁻¹s⁻¹to 2.6×10⁸M⁻¹s⁻¹ at pH 7.0. The constants for PO oxidation were higher in comparison to PT. pH dependence revealed two or three ionizable groups with pK _a values of 4.9–5.7 and 7.7–9.7 that significantly affected the activity of peroxidase. Single-turnover experiments showed that the limiting step of PT oxidation was reduction of compound II and second-order rate constants were obtained which were consistent with the constants at steady-state conditions. Laccase-catalyzed PT and PO oxidation rates were lower; apparent bimolecular rate constants varied from 1.8×10⁵M⁻¹s⁻¹ to 2.0×10⁷M⁻¹s⁻¹ at pH 5.3. PO constants were higher in comparison to PT, as was the case with peroxidase. The dependence of the apparent bimolecular constants of compound II or copper type 1 reduction, in the case of peroxidase or laccase, respectively, was analyzed in the framework of the Marcus outer-sphere electron-transfer theory. Peroxidase-catalyzed reactions with PT, as well as PO, fitted the same hyperbolic dependence with a maximal oxidation rate of 1.6×10⁸M⁻¹s⁻¹ and a reorganization energy of 0.30 eV. The respective parameters for laccase were 5.0×10⁷M⁻¹s⁻¹ and 0.29 eV. Received: 20 September 1999 / Accepted: 24 February 2000     

白术同源四倍体的诱导和鉴定及其与二倍体过氧化物酶的比较

以白术（Atractylodes macrooephala Koidz.）二倍体组培苗为材料,对其四倍体诱导方法进行研究,共获得45个白术同源四倍体株系,为优良株系的选育提供了材料。此外,还分析比较了其中8个白术四倍体株系与二倍体的过氧化物酶同工酶（POD）的酶谱差异,发现四倍体各株系过氧化物酶同工酶谱比二倍体的均多了Rf0.310的谱带,且总过氧化物酶比活力也发生了很大改变,对探讨白术四倍体优良株系的生理生化机理具有一定的参考价值。