巯基乙酸对蟾蜍血清转氨酶和钙含量的影响

以健康的中华蟾蜍为实验动物,研究皮肤染毒巯基乙酸(TGA)对血液天门冬氨酸氨基转氨酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转氨酶(ALT)和钙含量的影响,并对其作用机理进行初步探讨.试验结果表明,染毒巯基乙酸剂量对于血清AST、ALT和Ca含量影响效果明显.方差分析表明各试验处理组与对照组相比差异显著;染毒TGA的时间对于血清生化指标的影响呈现累积趋势,各试验处理组染毒后期与前期差异显著.表明巯基乙酸对于蟾蜍肝组织等器官具有明显的损伤作用,因此化工产品巯基乙酸对水体的污染不容忽视.     

饲料蛋白水平对低温应激下吉富罗非鱼血清生化指标和HSP70 mRNA表达的影响

在水温27℃条件下, 分别对吉富罗非鱼(27.642.79) g投喂3组不同蛋白水平的饲料, 养殖周期56d。饲养结束后, 进行14℃低温应激实验, 研究低温应激后0-24h内, 鱼体血清生化指标与肝脏HSP70　mRNA表达量的变化。结果表明, 短期投喂50%蛋白水平的饲料可以提高罗非鱼血清中葡萄糖、总蛋白、甘油三酯与胆固醇水平以及血清谷丙转氨酶与谷草转氨酶活力。在低温应激后, 50%蛋白组血清葡萄糖、总蛋白、甘油三酯与胆固醇水平呈下降趋势, 而血清皮质醇水平与谷草转氨酶活力表现为先上升后下降变化。25%和38%蛋白组血清葡萄糖水平与谷丙转氨酶活力在应激期间呈上升趋势, 而谷草转氨酶与碱性磷酸酶活力和总蛋白与胆固醇水平呈先上升后下降变化。各实验组溶菌酶活力与肝脏HSP70 mRNA的表达量呈先上升后下降的变化。由此可知, 短期投喂高蛋白饲料可以提高罗非鱼血液中蛋白、血糖与脂肪含量, 增强鱼体抗应激能力, 同时, 高蛋白水平的饲料也会引起肝脏产生分解压力以及增加饲料成本。在生产中, 需要根据实际需要合理确定饲料的蛋白含量。       

严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒N蛋白对甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量的影响

目的:研究严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒(SARS-CoV)N蛋白对甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量的影响。方法:检测分析144例SARS患者甘油三脂和总胆固醇含量在发病后的变化;将小鼠随机分组,分别注射生理盐水和SARS-CoV N蛋白,连续给药9 d后检测小鼠血清中甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量的变化。结果:SARS患者的甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量随发病时间有升高变化(P0.05),在发病40 d前后甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量超标的病例数占本时间段内的病例数的比例显著高于其他时间段,而且超标的含量也明显升高。SARS-CoV N蛋白使小鼠体重明显高于对照组(P0.05),甘油三酯含量在39和51 d明显高于对照组(P0.05),总胆固醇含量在21和39 d也明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:SARS-CoV N蛋白可以升高小鼠的甘油三酯和总胆固醇的含量,其升高最为明显的时间段与SARS患者的甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量升高的时间段基本一致。由此推测,SARS-CoV N蛋白可能是促使SARS患者发病后甘油三酯和总胆固醇含量升高的重要原因。     

水温对虹鳟血液学指标影响的初步研究

采用显微记数法和使用日立7170A全自动生化分析仪及贝克曼CX-3电解质分析仪,检测水温14℃、19℃和23℃时虹鳟血液红细胞数量和血清有机成分与无机微量元素的含量或活性。结果表明：水温14—23℃范围内,虹鳟红细胞数量随水温上升急剧减少;血清中谷丙转氨酶活性随水温上升而升高,谷草转氨酶活性随水温上升先升高后降低;血清中总蛋白、球蛋白含量随水温上升而增加,白蛋白、血糖和总胆固醇含量随水温上升先增加后减少,甘油三酯含量随水温上升而减少;血清中铜元素含量变化比率大,钾、磷、钙、镁、钠、氯、铁元素含量变化不显著。分析了虹鳟在温水环境中生化因子变化规律,为冷水性鱼类虹鳟温水驯化和基因工程技术提供可借鉴的技术资料。     

摄食不同淀粉含量饲料对军曹鱼血清生化指标的影响

实验旨在研究经过10周投喂不同淀粉含量的饲料的养殖实验后, 禁食1d后再投喂对170 g军曹鱼血清生化指标的影响. 饲料以鱼粉为蛋白源, 鱼油、豆油、大豆卵磷脂为脂肪源, 分别添加0%(对照组)、6%、12%、18%、24%和30%的小麦淀粉(以微晶纤维素调平), 养殖实验期间每天饱食投喂2次. 结果表明, 饥饿再投喂饲料后各处理组军曹鱼血糖含量均在(0-5)h升高, 在5h时达到峰值, 并显著高于其他时间组, 摄食5h后开始下降, 7h时基本恢复到投喂前水平; 血清总蛋白含量在不同处理组以及同一处理组的不同时间点上均没有显著差异; 血清中甘油三酯含量在(0-5)h显著升高, 5h后其含量开始下降, 7h时基本恢复到投喂前水平. 其中0%、6%和12%组, 摄食5h后其甘油三酯含量显著高于摄食前与摄食后7h和24h, 而在18%、24%和30%组中, 其含量无显著差异; 0%淀粉组血清中胆固醇含量在(0-2)h显著升高, 2h时达到峰值, 在(2-7)h呈下降趋势, 之后趋于平稳. 其他处理组都是在(0-5)h升高, 5h后开始下降, 在7h时基本恢复到投喂前水平. 18%-30%组, 摄食后5h血清中胆固醇含量显著高于摄食前与摄食后24h. 军曹鱼血清中低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇在(0-5)h显著升高, 摄食5h后其含量开始下降, 7h时基本恢复到投喂前水平, 但各组不同时间点间均无显著性差异. 而血清中高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇含量除在24%添加组中, 摄食后5h显著高于摄食前(0h)及投喂结束后24h处理组, 其他处理之间无显著差异. 综上所述: 170 g军曹鱼禁食再摄入不同含量的小麦淀粉后其血清中血糖含量先升高后降低, 随着饲料中糖添加量的增加, 其峰值先增加, 后趋于平稳. 军曹鱼血清甘油三酯和胆固醇的含量会升高, 对其血清中低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇及高密度脂蛋白-胆固醇影响不显著.       

低氧中强度训练疗法对肥胖者的身体成分和血脂代谢的影响

为了探讨低氧中强度训练疗法对肥胖者的身体成分和血脂代谢的影响,本研究招募40名健康肥胖男性作为研究对象,将受试者随机分为低氧组和对照组,每组20名。低氧组接受低氧中强度运动,对照组接受常氧中强度运动。研究结果表明,比较运动前后两组受试者的身体成分和血脂代谢的变化。运动后两组的体重、脂肪重量和BMI均显著下降(p0.05)。低氧组在运动1个月后的体重、脂肪重量和BMI均显著低于对照组,并且身体成分的下降程度均显著高于对照组(p0.05)。运动后两组受试者的血清总胆固醇、总甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量均显著下降(p0.05)。低氧组在运动1个月后的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著下降(p0.05)。低氧组在运动1个月后的血清总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量均显著低于对照组,并且下降程度均显著高于对照组(p0.05),而总甘油三酯含量与对照组无显著差异(p0.05)。本研究初步表明,低氧中强度运动与常氧中强度运动相比,可有效降低体重、脂肪重量、BMI和血脂代谢水平,并且可以避免运动后的体重反弹,使血脂指标维持在较低水平。     

西藏小型猪与高原藏猪的血液生理生化值的比较

目的比较西藏小型猪与高原藏猪的血液生理、生化指标的差异。方法采用全自动血液细胞和生化分析仪测定21个血液生理生化指标。结果藏猪与西藏小型猪之间,红细胞、白细胞、血小板计数、总胆固醇、血清甘油三酯指标的测定差异有显著性,谷草转氨酶、血清总蛋白、血清清蛋白、葡萄糖、肌酸激酶指标的测定差异极显著。其中红细胞、白细胞、谷草转氨酶、肌酸激酶的值藏猪高于西藏小型猪,而血小板计数、血清总蛋白、血清清蛋白、葡萄糖、总胆固醇、血清甘油三酯的值藏猪低于西藏小型猪。结论不同的生活环境、气候条件和营养水平会对动物的血液生理、生化值的测定造成一定的影响。     

异育银鲫口服不同剂量葡萄糖后的代谢反应

平均体重为 16 4± 12g的异育银鲫 (方正银鲫♀×兴国红鲤♂ )禁食四周 ,以使肝糖原含量充分下降 ,然后灌喂不同剂量的葡萄糖 ,研究葡萄糖负荷后的代谢反应。实验结果表明 ,不管口服剂量是多少 ,异育银鲫在口服葡萄糖后都出现持久的高血糖 ;口服后 1h血浆总氨基酸、甘油三酯和乳酸水平显著上升 ,然后迅速下降 ;肝糖原含量先降低 ,2h左右开始回升。血糖、总氨基酸、甘油三酯、乳酸及肝糖原的变化幅度也随口服剂量变化而变化 :血糖升幅随口服剂量增加而加大 ;在口服后 1h ,总氨基酸含量随着口服剂量的增加而增加 ,甘油三酯和乳酸含量随着口服剂量的增加而减少 ,而在口服后 2— 10h内 ,口服剂量越高 ,总氨基酸、甘油三酯水平越低 ,乳酸水平越高 ;肝糖原含量随着口服剂量的增加而减少。上述结果提示异育银鲫在口服高剂量葡萄糖之初的 1h内生长抑素和胰高血糖素水平较高 ,而胰岛素的分泌可能受到了抑制 ;推测当口服剂量较低时胰岛素则能正常分泌     

嘉陵江大鳍和瓦氏黄颡鱼血液学指标的研究

研究了大鳍和瓦氏黄颡鱼血液学指标的季节变化及种间差异 ,旨在为探讨三峡工程所引起的环境变化 ,对两种鱼所产生的生理生态学影响提供基础资料。于 2 0 0 2年 9月至 2 0 0 3年 6月期间 ,分春、夏、秋和冬 4个季节在嘉陵江水土镇以下江段共采集大鳍 111尾 ,瓦氏黄颡鱼 12 4尾。测定了这两种鱼的红细胞数量、血红蛋白含量、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量、血清葡萄糖浓度、血清甘油三酯浓度和血清总蛋白浓度等 6项血液学指标。结果表明 ,两种鱼的多项血液学指标均存在显著的季节间差异 ,血液指标的变化趋势并不是随水温的升高而升高。繁殖期两种鱼的血清甘油三酯浓度均显著降低。两种鱼的血清葡萄糖和甘油三酯浓度存在种间差异 ,瓦氏黄颡鱼的血清葡萄糖和甘油三酯浓度均显著高于大鳍。     

嘉陵江大鳍鳠和瓦氏黄颡鱼血液学指标的研究

研究了大鳍鳠和瓦氏黄颡鱼血液学指标的季节变化及种间差异,旨在为探讨三峡工程所引起的环境变化,对两种鱼所产生的生理生态学影响提供基础资料。于2002年9月至2003年6月期间,分春、夏、秋和冬4个季节在嘉陵江水土镇以下江段共采集大鳍鳠111尾,瓦氏黄颡鱼124尾。测定了这两种鱼的红细胞数量、血红蛋白含量、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量、血清葡萄糖浓度、血清甘油三酯浓度和血清总蛋白浓度等6项血液学指标。结果表明,两种鱼的多项血液学指标均存在显著的季节间差异,血液指标的变化趋势并不是随水温的升高而升高。繁殖期两种鱼的血清甘油三酯浓度均显著降低。两种鱼的血清葡萄糖和甘油三酯浓度存在种间差异,瓦氏黄颡鱼的血清葡萄糖和甘油三酯浓度均显著高于大鳍鳠。     

Vitamin D Supplementation Modulates Blood and Tissue Zinc, Liver Glutathione and Blood Biochemical Parameters in Diabetic Rats on a Zinc-Deficient Diet

Previous studies suggest a protective effect of vitamin D3 on zinc deficiency-induced insulin secretion and on pancreas β-cell function. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vitamin D on blood biochemical parameters, tissue zinc and liver glutathione in diabetic rats fed a zinc-deficient diet. For that purpose, Alloxan-induced diabetic rats were divided into four groups. The first group was fed a zinc-sufficient diet while the second group was fed a zinc-deficient diet. The third and fourth groups received zinc-sufficient or zinc-deficient diets plus oral vitamin D3 for 27 days. At the end of the experiment, blood, femur, pancreas, kidney and liver samples were taken from all rats. The serum, femur, pancreas, kidney and liver zinc concentrations, liver glutathione, serum alkaline phosphatase activity, daily body weight gain and food intake were lower in the zinc-deficient rats in comparison with those receiving adequate amounts of zinc. These values were increased in the zinc-deficient group that was supplemented with vitamin D3. The serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, urea, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase and blood glucose values were higher in rats fed a zinc adequate diet, but their concentrations were decreased by vitamin D3 supplementation. The serum total protein levels were not changed by zinc deficiency and vitamin D3 supplementation. These results suggest that vitamin D3 modulates tissue zinc, liver glutathione and blood biochemical values in diabetic rats fed a zinc-deficient diet.     

Role of thyroid hormone in intermediary metabolism of propranolol or alloxan-treated Calotes versicolor.

Administration of L-thyroxine (T4) to thyroidectomized Calotes versicolor significantly increased the activity of glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) (liver and kidney), the concentrations of blood glucose and total protein (liver and kidney), and decreased hepatic cholesterol when compared to thyroidectomized lizards. Propranolol injections in thyroidectomized lizards increased the cholesterol concentration and did not change the other parameters. The activity of G-6-Pase and blood glucose content was stimulated, whereas the total protein and cholesterol contents were decreased after alloxan treatment. Administration of T4 to thyroidectomized animals pretreated with propranolol or alloxan significantly elevated the activity of G-6-Pase, the concentrations of blood glucose, and total protein, and reduced hepatic cholesterol level when compared to drug-treated lizards. From the results, it is evident that thyroid hormone has an independent stimulatory influence on intermediary metabolism in C. versicolor irrespective of the involvement of adrenaline or insulin.     

The level of major proteins and minerals in the blood serum of chickens fed diets with pure cellulose

The aim of the research was to determine the concentration of total protein and its fractions as well as the concentration of selected mineral components in the blood serum of male broiler chickens Cobb 500 fed diets with different cellulose content. Blood samples were collected for examination from the birds' pterygoid canal veins on their 42 day of age. There was no influence of cellulose preparation on the content of total protein and its fractions: albumins, alfa1-, alfa2-, beta-, gamma-globulins, albumin to globulin ratio, inorganic phosphorus, sodium, potassium, chloride and iron concentrations in blood serum. The highest calcium concentration (P < 0.05) was detected in the blood serum of males fed a diet with the highest cellulose content (0.75-0.95%). Simultaneously, a tendency of increased calcium content was observed along with an increased amount of pure cellulose in diets. The lowest magnesium level (P < 0.05) was observed in the blood of birds fed diets with the lowest amount of cellulose (0.25-0.45%). The magnesium level in the blood of birds fed a diet with higher amounts of cellulose did not considerably differ from the control group. Results from the current study suggest that introduction of a limited amount of pure cellulose into the diet of broiler chickens does not affect total protein concentration and protein fractions but can influence the mineral content in the blood serum.     

Concentrations of carbohydrates and lipids of guinea pigs after five days starvation

The concentrations of serum total lipids, cholesterol and triglycerides of guinea pigs were determined under normal conditions and after 5 days fasting. Serum glucose and liver glycogen levels were also estimated under both conditions. The amounts of serum total lipids and cholesterol were significantly increased as a result of starvation, whereas, fasting had no significant effect on serum triglycerides. Liver glycogen was rapidly decreased in response to starvation in a highly significant manner. However, starvation did not affect serum glucose of guinea pigs.     

Effects of Ballota nigra on blood biochemical parameters and insulin in albino rats

Ingestion of aqueous 70% ethanol extract of Ballota nigra (400 mg/kg body weight for 7 days) by albino rats (n=10) was investigated to study its effects on glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), troponin I (TnI), serum creatine kinase (CK), total protein, total bilirubin and blood urea. Ballota nigra extract caused a significant decrease in blood glucose, total serum cholesterol and CK levels. Blood levels of TnI, AST, ALT, triglycerides, total bilirubin, total protein and blood urea were unchanged. The hypoglycemic effect of Ballota nigra extract on albino rats was further investigated by conducting a glucose tolerance test intraperitoneally (IPGTT). Healthy rats that were fasting for 18 hours followed by administration of a dose of 400 mg/kg body weight of the crude extract of Ballota nigra, orally. A significant decrease in blood glucose levels (after 15, 30, and 45 minutes) with a significant increase in serum insulin level (after 15 and 30 minute) was noted. These results suggest that, the crude extract of Ballota nigra have hypoglycemic, insulin-releasing and cholesterol lowering effects in rats.     

人参皂甙Rg3对糖尿病肾病大鼠生化指标及病理的影响

目的:探讨人参皂苷Rg3对糖尿病肾病大鼠生化指标及病理改变的影响。方法:30只SD雄性大鼠按随机数字表法分为正常对照组、模型对照组和人参皂甙Rg3组。采用链脲佐菌素建立糖尿病肾病大鼠模型。造模成功后,Rg3治疗组每天以Rg3(0.5mg/kg)灌胃,余予以等量蒸馏水灌胃。30天后分别测3组大鼠血糖、24小时尿蛋白、血肌酐,并予以HE染色行肾组织活检。结果:与正常组比较,模型对照组大鼠血糖、24小时尿蛋白、血肌酐明显升高,肾小球体积增大,基底膜增厚、细膜基质增多,肾小球内炎细胞浸润(P0.01)。与模型对照组比较,人参皂甙Rg3组血糖、24小时尿蛋白、血肌酐明显降低,肾小球基底膜增厚程度减轻,细胞外基质堆积减少,差异具有显著性(P0.05)。结论:人参皂甙Rg3能显著降低糖尿病大鼠血糖、血肌酐、24 h尿蛋白,能改善其肾脏的病理损害。     

扎龙自然保护区雌性丹顶鹤血液生化指标

2004年11月至2005年9月,采用自动生化分析仪对扎龙自然保护区10只雌性成体丹顶鹤在越冬期、繁殖期和迁徙期的20项血液生化指标（总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、直接胆红素、间接胆红素、总胆红素、血糖、尿素氮、肌酐、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶、肌酸肌酶、羟丁酸脱氢酶、乳酸脱氢酶、钙离子、无机磷和镁离子）进行了分析.结果表明：除总蛋白、球蛋白和血糖外,研究区雌性丹顶鹤血液中的其他指标均在不同时期之间表现出显著（P<0.05）或极显著差异（P<0.01).说明总蛋白、球蛋白和血糖可作为雌性丹顶鹤血液生化指标的可靠参考值,其他17项血液生化指标的年变化动态体现出雌性丹顶鹤在不同生理时期的生理特征和生态适应性.如果以这17项血液生化指标作为雌性丹顶鹤血液生化指标的参考值,就必须考虑不同生理时期对其含量的影响.     

Blood and urinary values in the gray squirrel

Uric acid, blood urea nitrogen, glucose, total serum protein, cholesterol, triglyceride, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, and chloride concentrations in the blood plus pH, bilirubin, ketone, blood, protein and glucose levels in the urine were determined for gray squirrels captured in Jacksonville, Florida. Significant differences were not noted for any of these values when compared by the age or sex of the animals, by breeding or lactation status, by month of capture, or by habitat type. Depressed blood glucose and elevated blood urea nitrogen levels were observed in squirrels with shock syndrome.