云南产玉米须的化学成分研究

从玉米须60%乙醇提取液中分离得到了14个化合物,经波谱学方法分别鉴定为柯伊利素-7-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(1)、柯伊利素-6-C-β-波伊文糖-7-O-β-葡萄糖苷(2)、柯伊利素-6-C-β-波伊文糖苷(3)、L-鼠李糖(4)、豆甾-4-烯-3β,6β-二醇(5)、7α-羟基谷甾醇(6)、7β-羟基谷甾醇(7)、胡萝卜苷棕榈酸酯(8)、大豆脑苷I(9)、7α-羟基谷甾醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(10)、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(11)、棕榈酸(12)、胡萝卜苷(13)和β-谷甾醇(14),其中化合物1、4和7～12为首次从玉米须中分离得到。     

暖地大叶藓化学成分的研究

从真藓科大叶藓属植物暖地大叶藓Rhodobryum giganteum(schwaegr.)Par.的乙醇提取物中分离得到9个化合物,通过波谱分析鉴定其分别为麦角甾-7,22-双烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(1),乌苏酸(2),琥珀酸(3),尿嘧啶(4),棕榈酸(5),槲皮素(6),碳二十九烷(7),β-谷甾醇(8),胡萝卜苷(9).化合物1～9均为首次从该植物中分离得到.     

阳春砂仁的化学成分研究

从阳春砂仁Amomum villosum Lour.中分离得到14个化合物,经理化常数和波谱分析鉴定其结构分别为槲皮素(1)、槲皮苷(2)、异槲皮苷(3)、香草酸(4)、3,4-二羟基苯甲酸(5)、β-谷甾醇(6)、胡萝卜苷(7)、豆甾醇(8)、麦角甾醇(9)、麦角甾-7,22-二烯-3β,5α,6β-三醇(10)、硬脂酸(11)、棕榈酸(12)、白附子脑苷B(13)和虎杖苷(14)。其中,化合物1、9、10、13和14为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

驼绒藜化学成分研究

从驼绒藜(Ceratoides latens)乙醇提取物中分离得到9个化合物,经波谱分析将它们分别鉴定为香草酸(vanilic acid)(1),乙酰香子兰酮(acetovanillon)(2),三达右松脂-15-烯-8β,12β-二醇(sandaracopimar-15-en-8β,12β-diol)(3),5,7,3’,4’-四甲基槲皮素(5,7,3’,4’-tetramethyl quercitin)(4),小麦黄酮(tricin)(5),丁香亭3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(syringetin-3-O-β-D-glycopyranoside)(6),β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol)(7),胡萝卜苷(daucosterol)(8)和豆甾醇(stigmasterol)(9)。这些化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

圆叶牵牛化学成分研究

圆叶牵牛植物资源丰富但全草少有研究,对其进行系统的化学成分与生物活性认识很有必要。该文对采自云南大理的圆叶牵牛干燥全草化学成分进行了系统地研究,通过75%乙醇冷浸提取,浸膏以水分散,依次以乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取。结果表明:采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20、RP-18等多种材料柱层析结合重结晶等方法,从圆叶牵牛醇提物乙酸乙酯部分分离得到12个单体化合物,运用现代波谱学技术分别鉴定为木栓酮(1),β-木栓烷醇(2),β-香树脂醇(3),α-香树脂醇(4),6β-羟基豆甾-4-烯-3-酮(5),胡萝卜苷(6),β-谷甾醇(7),豆甾醇(8),7-羟基香豆素(9),对香豆酸-对羟基苯乙醇酯(10),山奈酚香豆酰基葡萄吡喃糖苷(11),单棕榈酸甘油酯(12)。化合物2-5、10-12为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

覆盆子的化学成分研究

从覆盆子中分离得到13个化合物,通过波谱数据和理化性质分别鉴定为:β-谷甾醇(1)、7α-羟基-3β-谷甾醇(2)、胡萝卜苷(3)、熊果酸(4)、对羟基苯乙酸(5)、水杨酸(6)、腺苷(7)、1-氧-1,2-二氢异喹啉-4-羧酸(8)、香橙素(9)、金丝桃苷(10)、ligballinol(11)、阿魏酸二十六醇酯(12)、香豆酸二十四醇酯(13)。化合物10为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物2、5、7、9、12、13为首次从悬钩子属植物中分离得到。     

覆盆子的化学成分研究北大核心CSCD

从覆盆子中分离得到13个化合物,通过波谱数据和理化性质分别鉴定为:β-谷甾醇(1)、7α-羟基-3β-谷甾醇(2)、胡萝卜苷(3)、熊果酸(4)、对羟基苯乙酸(5)、水杨酸(6)、腺苷(7)、1-氧-1,2-二氢异喹啉-4-羧酸(8)、香橙素(9)、金丝桃苷(10)、ligballinol(11)、阿魏酸二十六醇酯(12)、香豆酸二十四醇酯(13)。化合物10为首次从该植物中分离得到,化合物2、5、7、9、12、13为首次从悬钩子属植物中分离得到。     

椭圆线柱苣苔化学成分研究

采用各种色谱法分离,运用多种波谱技术鉴定结构。从椭圆线柱苣苔Rhynchotechum ellipticum甲醇提取物中分离得到6个化合物:β-谷甾醇(1),熊果酸(2),豆甾醇(3),齐墩果烷-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷(4),β-胡萝卜苷(5),正十八烷酸(6)。化合物1～6为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

羊角天麻化学成分及β-羟高铁血红素形成抑制活性研究

为探究羊角天麻(Dobinea delavayi)的β-羟高铁血红素形成抑制活性成分,本实验采用硅胶、Sephadex LH-20柱色谱等方法进行化合物的纯化分离,通过理化性质及波谱数据鉴定化合物结构。结果从羊角天麻中分离得到12个化合物,分别鉴定为3,4,2′,4′-四羟基二氢查尔酮(1)、紫铆花素(2)、3,4,2′,4′,α-五羟基查尔酮(3)、金色草素(4)、芒果苷(5)、没食子酸(6)、二十四亚甲基环阿尔廷醇(7)、6β-羟基-豆甾-4-烯-3-酮(8)、β-谷甾醇(9)、胡萝卜苷(10)、棕榈酸甲酯(11)、1-棕榈酸单甘油酯(12),其中化合物1~4、6~8均为首次九子母属植物中分离得到。活性研究结果显示,化合物1~6均具有β-羟高铁血红素形成抑制活性,其中黄酮类化合物2~4具有较强的抑制活性,其IC50分别为120.3、61.5、56.0μg/mL。     

岭南山竹子叶化学成分研究

采用色谱技术分离岭南山竹子叶的化学成分,根据理化性质和波谱数据鉴定化合物的结构。从岭南山竹子叶提取物中分离了11个化合物,鉴定为异植物醇(Ⅰ),α-Tocospiro B(Ⅱ),正十一烷(Ⅲ),棕榈酸(Ⅳ),(+)-(3R)-3-hydroxy-4,4-dimethyl-4-butyrolactone(Ⅴ),苯甲酸(Ⅵ),3,4-Dihydroxy-acetophenone(Ⅶ),反式对羟基桂皮酸(Ⅷ),3-甲氧基-4-羟基-苯甲酸(Ⅸ),β-谷甾醇(Ⅹ),胡萝卜苷(Ⅺ)。以上化合物均为首次从该种植物中分离得到。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.