Cloning and expression analysis of a HSP70 gene from Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai)

Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), the primary member of HSPs that are responsive of thermal stress, is found in all multicellular organisms and functions mostly as molecular chaperon. The inducible HSP70 cDNA cloned from Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai) using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE), was highly homologous to other HSP70 genes. The full-length cDNA of the Pacific abalone HSP70 was 2631bp, consisting of a 5'-terminal untranslated region (UTR) of 90bp, a 3'-terminal UTR of 573bp with a canonical polyadenylation signal sequence AATAAA and a poly (A) tail, and an open reading frame of 1968bp. The HSP70 cDNA encoded a polypeptide of 655 amino acids with an ATPase domain of 382 amino acids, the substrate peptide binding domain of 161 amino acids and a C-terminus domain of 112 amino acids. The temporal expression of HSP70 was measured by semi-quantitative RT-PCR after heat shock and bacterial challenge. Challenge of Pacific abalone with heat shock or the pathogenic bacteria Vibrio anguillarum resulted in a dramatic increase in the expression of HSP70 mRNA level in muscle, followed by a recovery to normal level after 96h. Unlike the muscle, the levels of HSP70 expression in gills reached the top at 12h and maintained a relatively high level compared with the control after thermal and bacterial challenge. The upregulated mRNA expression of HSP70 in the abalone following heat shock and infection response indicates that the HSP70 gene is inducible and involved in immune response.     

双齿围沙蚕诱导型热休克蛋白70基因的克隆及Cu胁迫下的表达分析

本研究主要评估了双齿围沙蚕热休克蛋白70(HSP70)基因的分子特征,记录了其对于液态Cu²⁺胁迫的基因表达情况,并通过测序获得的HSP70 cDNA序列与其他沙蚕及无脊椎动物HSP70同源性比对来判定蛋白特性.结果表明: 该HSP70基因全长cDNA序列共2161 bp,包括5′非翻译区48 bp,3′非翻译区142 bp,一个多聚腺苷酸信号序列(AATAAA)和Poly A尾巴以及开放阅读框1971 bp.阅读框共编码656个氨基酸,总分子量为71.43 kD,理论等电点为5.15.该氨基酸序列中含有HSP70家族的3个签名序列——IDLGTTYS、IFDLGGGTFDVSIL和IVLVGGSTRIPKIQK,以及细胞质特异性调控基序EEVD,C端重复序列GGMP.同源性分析表明,本研究所获双齿围沙蚕HSP70氨基酸序列与已报道的序列相似性高达94%,与其他无脊椎生物的HSP70相似性也高达79%以上.荧光实时定量PCR分析表明,Cu²⁺(0.2～5.0 mg·L^-1)胁迫能够显著诱导沙蚕HSP70 mRNA表达,并于1 d后达到峰值.本研究系统描述了双齿围沙蚕HSP70的分子特性,其可被液态Cu²⁺诱导表达,具备作为环境污染分子生物标记物的潜力.     

克氏原螯虾一种诱导型HSP70基因克隆及分析

克氏原螯虾是我国淡水虾类养殖的重要品种,具有很强的抵御各种环境胁迫和各种刺激的能力。本文以该虾为对象,通过基因克隆以及从基因水平探讨HSP70s与环境应激之间的关系,为深入研究水生无脊椎动物HSP70s功能提供基础。采用RT-PCR和RACE方法从克氏原螯虾（Procambarus clarkii）心脏组织中克隆得到一种HSP70 cDNA（scHSP70）,其全长为2271bp,包括1902bp的完整编码序列、142bp的5′及221bp的3′端非翻译区, GenBank登陆号DQ301506。基因组DNA扩增表明该基因仅由一个外显子组成。根据cDNA序列推导出scHSP70由635个氨基酸组成,分子量为69.6kD,理论等电点为5.34。该序列存在真核细胞HSP70家族的三个特征标签。SWISS-MODEL蛋白三维结构预测显示scHSP70在N端形成ATP酶结构域,在近C端形成底物肽结合结构域。克氏原螯虾在系统发生树上的进化地位与传统分类学相一致。半定量RT-PCR实验表明,scHSP70有广泛的组织分布,在心脏中表达量最高,在血液中最少。热激后该基因大量表达,说明该基因是一种诱导型HSP70。这为从蛋白水平研究克氏原螯虾HSP70与环境应激之间的关系提供基础。     

黄颡鱼HSC70基因及其组织表达分析

热休克蛋白70（HSP70）与生物体的抗胁迫能力密切相关。本文采用RACE (Rapid amplification of cDNA ends) 技术,从黄颡鱼Pelteobagrus fulvidraco克隆到一种组成型热休克蛋白（HSC70）基因及其cDNA。该cDNA全长2245bp,包括5′非编码区82bp,3′非编码区225bp,开放阅读框(ORF) 1938bp,编码645个氨基酸组成的蛋白质。黄颡鱼HSC70基因含有8个内含子,与人、鼠、虹鳟和花斑溪鳉的HSC70基因内含子数目相同,位置相似。其中,最长内含子（873bp）位于5′端非编码区,其余内含子（长度在80－251bp之间不等）均在编码区以内。黄颡鱼HSC70基因编码的氨基酸序列与南方鲶的相似度最高,达96.13%,与欧洲银鲫和团头鲂的相似度分别为94.45%和94.14%。RT-PCR检测显示,正常情况下黄颡鱼HSC70在血细胞、心脏、肝、头肾、脾、鳃、肌肉和脑中均有表达,但表达量在鳃中最高,肌肉中最低;统计结果显示,热激后HSC70在血细胞、肝、头肾和脑中的表达量显著上升(p<0.05),而在其余组织中热激前后的表达差异不显著(p>0.05)。     

二化螟热休克蛋白70基因的克隆及热胁迫下的表达分析

热休克蛋白70是已知热休克蛋白家族中最重要的一种, 它在细胞内的大量表达可以明显改善细胞的生存能力, 提高对环境胁迫的耐受性。为探讨热胁迫对二化螟Chilo suppressalis幼虫热休克蛋白70表达的影响, 采用RT-PCR及RACE技术从二化螟血淋巴细胞中克隆了热休克蛋白70基因全长cDNA序列。该基因全长2 102 bp, 开放阅读框 (open reading frame, ORF)为1 959 bp, 编码652个氨基酸; 5′非编码区（untranslated region, UTR)为81 bp, 3′UTR为62 bp。从该基因推导的氨基酸序列与其他昆虫的同源序列比较有很高的相似性（73%~97%)。实时定量PCR显示二化螟HSP70基因能被热胁迫诱导表达, 幼虫血淋巴细胞的HSP70基因在36℃时表达量最高。流式细胞术研究发现HSP70在蛋白质水平上的表达变化与在mRNA水平上高度一致, 说明二化螟HSP70基因在转录及翻译水平上受到热应激的调节。     

Characterization and SNP variation analysis of a HSP70 gene from miiuy croaker and its expression as related to bacterial challenge and heat shock

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play crucial roles in the immune response of vertebrates. In order to study immune defense mechanism of heat shock protein gene in miiuy croaker (Miichthys miiuy), a cDNA encoding heat shock protein 70 (designated Mimi-HSP70) gene was cloned from miiuy croaker. The cDNA was 2195?bp in length, consisting of an open reading frame (ORF) of 1917?bp encoding a polypeptide of 638 amino acids with estimated molecular mass of 70.3?kDa and theoretical isoelectric point of 5.55. Genomic DNA structure analysis revealed that the Mimi-HSP70 gene contain no introns in coding region and four SNPs with 373?C/T, 789?G/A, 1005?C/T, and 1185?G/A were detected by direct sequencing of 20 samples from six different populations. BLAST analysis, structure comparison and phylogenetic analysis indicated that Mimi-HSP70 should be an inducible cytosolic member of the HSP70 family. The deduced amino acid sequence of Mimi-HSP70 had 82.4%-92.2% identity with those of vertebrate. A real-time quantitative RT-PCR demonstrated that the HSP70 gene was ubiquitously expressed in ten normal tissues. Under different temperature shock stress, the expression of Mimi-HSP70 gene in miiuy croaker increased at first and then decreased with the rise of temperature, finally, reached a maximum level in liver, spleen and kidney tissues. Infection of miiuy croaker with Vibrio anguillarum resulted in significant changes expression of Mimi-HSP70 gene in the immune-related tissues. These results indicated that expression analysis of Mimi-HSP70 gene provide theoretical basis to further study the mechanism of anti-adverseness in the miiuy croaker.     

虾夷扇贝脂多糖诱导的肿瘤坏死因子LITAF基因的克隆及表达分析

脂多糖诱导的肿瘤坏死因子(Lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-alpha factor,LITAF)是一类重要的炎症细胞因子,在先天性免疫系统中发挥重要的介质作用。文章根据虾夷扇贝LITAF基因EST序列,应用RACE技术克隆了虾夷扇贝LITAF全长cDNA,对序列及编码的氨基酸进行生物信息学分析。结果显示,该基因cDNA全长1 551 bp,其5′非编码区包含76 bp,3′非编码区包含1 001 bp;开放阅读框(ORF)为474 bp,编码157个氨基酸,氨基酸序列中存在一个保守的LITAF结构域;理论分子量16.99 kDa,等电点为6.24。LITAF基因序列为3 698 bp,由3个外显子和两个内含子组成。利用实时荧光定量PCR技术分析LITAF在虾夷扇贝不同组织、不同胚胎发育阶段以及鳗弧菌(Vibrio anguillarum)刺激后各时间段的表达情况。结果表明:LITAF基因在所检测的6个成体组织中均有表达,其中肾脏的表达量最高;胚胎发育的7个时期中,担轮幼体时期表达量最高;菌刺激36 h实验组与对照组的表达量差异大。LITAF基因是LITAF家族的一员,推测LITAF基因参与虾夷扇贝的先天性免疫反应。     

Molecular cloning and characterization of a catalase gene from Zhikong scallop Chlamys farreri

Catalase is one of the central enzymes involved in scavenging the high level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by degradation of hydrogen peroxide to oxygen and water. The full-length catalase cDNA of Zhikong scallop Chlamys farreri (denoted as CfCAT) was identified from hemocytes by expressed sequence tag (EST) and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) approaches. The nucleotide sequence of CfCAT cDNA consisted of 3146bp with a 5' UTR of 103bp, an unusually long 3' UTR of 1519bp with a canonical polyadenylation signal sequence AATAAA and a polyA tail, and an open reading frame (ORF) of 1521bp encoding a polypeptide of 507 amino acids with predicted molecular weight of 57.5kDa. The deduced amino acid sequence of CfCAT has significant homology to catalases from animals, plants and bacteria. Several highly conserved motifs including the proximal heme-ligand signature sequence RLFSYNDTH, the proximal active site signature FNRERIPERVVHAKGGGA, and the three catalytic amino acid residues of His(72), Asn(145) and Tyr(355) were identified in the deduced amino acid sequence of CfCAT. The CfCAT was demonstrated to be a peroxisomal glycoprotein with two potential glycosylation sites and a peroxisome targeting signal of ANL that was consistent with human, mouse and rat catalases. The time-course expression of CfCAT in hemocytes was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. The expression of CfCAT increased gradually and reached the highest point at 12h post-Vibrio infection, then recovered to the original level at 24h. All these results indicate that CfCAT, a constitutive and inducible protein, is a member of the catalase family and is involved in the process against ROS in scallop.     

Molecular cloning, characterization and expression of a novel serine proteinase inhibitor gene in bay scallops (Argopecten irradians, Lamarck 1819)

Serine protease inhibitors, critical regulators of endogenous proteases, are found in all multicellular organisms and play crucial roles in host physiological and immunological effector mechanisms. The first mollusk serine proteinase inhibitor (designated AISPI) cDNA was obtained from the bay scallop Argopecten irradians by randomly sequencing a whole tissue cDNA library and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The full-length cDNA of the scallop serine protease inhibitor was 1020 bp, consisting of a 5'-terminal untranslated region (UTR) of 39 bp, a 3'-terminal UTR of 147 bp with a canonical polyadenylation signal sequence AATAAA and a poly(A) tail, and an open reading frame of 834 bp. The AISPI cDNA encoded a polypeptide of 278 amino acids with a putative signal peptide of 22 amino acids and a mature protein of 256 amino acids. The deduced amino-acid sequence of AISPI contained six tandem and homologous domains similar to that of Kazal-type serine protease inhibitors, including the conserved sequence C-X(7)-C-X(6)-Y-X(3)-C-X(2,3)-C and six cysteine residues responsible for the formation of disulfide bridges, indicating that the AISPI protein from bay scallop should be a member of the Kazal-type serine protease inhibitor family. The temporal expression of AISPI was measured by semi-quantitative RT-PCR after injury or bacterial challenge. After the adductor muscle was wounded or injected with Vibrio anguillarum, the expression of AISPI mRNA in hemolymph was up-regulated and reached the maximum level at 8 and 16 h, respectively, and then progressively dropped back to the original level. The results indicated that AISPI could play an important role in injury healing and immune response in mollusks as it could be induced by injury and bacterial challenge.     

Structure and expression of a rice hsp70 gene

A genomic hsp70 gene was isolated from a rice IR36 genomic library and 4 794 bp of the gene have been sequenoed. The 5' flanking region of the gene contained a putative TATA box and a typical heat shock element sequence 5'-CTcgGAAccTTCgAG-3'. The amino acid sequence of the rice HSP70 deduced from the coding region shared 84%-92% homologies with those of HSP70s from other plant species. An intron 1939bp long was identified in the coding region at the codon specifying amino acid 72 (Asp), the similar position introns occurring in other intron-containing hsp70 genes. In addition, another intron of 57 bp was found in the 3'-untranslated region in the rice hsp70 gene. Southern blot hybridization showed that rice hsp70 gene family contained at least three members. Analysis of the RNA leveis with the gene-specific and non-specific probes revealed that the rice hsp70 gene expressed at normal temperature and the expression was enhanced by heat shock treatment.     

Cloning and expression of HSP70 gene of sipuncula Phascolosoma esculenta

In this study the gene encoding HSP70 was isolated from Phascoloma esculenta by homologous cloning and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). The full-length of cDNA (2520 bp) consists of a 5′-terminal untranslated region (UTR) (125 bp), a 3′-terminal UTR (421 bp) with a canonical polyadenylation signal sequence (AATAAA), a poly (A) tail, and an open reading frame (ORF) (1974 bp). The predicted molecular mass and isoelectric point for HSP70 is 71.6 kDa and 5.15, respectively. BLAST analysis showed that P. esculenta HSP70 gene shared high similarity. Classical HSP signature motifs, ATP/GTP-Binding Site Motif A, Bipartite Nuclear Targeting Sequence, the cytosolic HSP70 could be expressed in Escherichia coli BL21. After purification, the recombinant pET-HSP70 protein was used to produce the polyclonal antibody in mice and the specificity of the antibody was confirmed by Western blot analysis. Fluorescent real-time quantitative PCR analysis showed that expression of Hsp70 in sipuncula was increased significantly after exposure to 10 mM Zn for12 h, Cd for 24 h, Cu for 48 h, and was exposure to 37 °C for 24 h sea water.     

朱砂叶螨热激蛋白HSP70基因TCHSP70-4的克隆与表达

为了研究朱砂叶螨Tetranychus cinnabarinus(Boisduval)热激蛋白HSP70的表达与其适应高温和低温胁迫的关系,我们利用物种的同源性及RACE 技术,获得朱砂叶螨热激蛋白HSP70基因1个,命名为TCHSP70-4（GenBank 登录号为EU977182）。该基因全长2 182 bp,包含1 959 bp的开放阅读框,编码653个氨基酸,理论分子量为70.9 kDa,等电点为5.4,含有HSP70家族高度保守的基序。运用real-time PCR分析冷激（4℃）和热激（40℃）1 h后TCHSP70-4在朱砂叶螨体内的表达量。结果显示冷激后TCHSP70-4表达量明显下降,而热激后TCHSP70-4表达量却明显上升。这些结果一方面表明该基因属于诱导型HSP70基因,另一方面揭示了朱砂叶螨分别受到冷和热胁迫后体内TCHSP70-4的表达及所起的保护作用是不同的。     

黄粉虫热休克蛋白70基因的克隆、序列分析与表达（英文）

为给黄粉虫Tenebrio molitor抗逆机理研究提供理论依据, 本研究采用PCR和RACE法从黄粉虫幼虫中克隆出一个热休克蛋白70基因Tmhsp70, 并运用半定量RT-PCR法检测其在黄粉虫不同发育阶段的mRNA表达水平。结果表明： 克隆出的Tmhsp70 序列全长2 282 bp, 具有一个富含A的115 bp 5′ 非翻译区和一个1 935 bp的开放阅读框及一个富含A、 T的232 bp 3′-非翻译区。5′-非翻译区含有7个热休克元件nGAAn, 3′-非翻译区末端有长22 bp的Poly(A)尾。Tmhsp70编码的黄粉虫热休克蛋白（TmHSP70）具有3个典型的HSP70特征基序（IDLGTTYS, IFDLGGGTFDVSIL和IVLVGGSTRIPKIQQ）和1个胞质HSP70末端特征基序（EEVD）, 无信号肽和跨膜区域, 包含2个主要的结构域, 即： N-端42 kDa的高度保守ATPase功能域和C-端18 kDa的保守多肽结合功能域。ATPase功能域的三级结构由2个大球形亚功能域组成, 具有1个核苷酸结合中心; 多肽结合功能域形成1个双层4股β-折叠片样的三明治结构和2个α-螺旋, 内含1个多肽结合通道。此外, 黄粉虫Tmhsp70 mRNA的表达具有热激诱导和发育调控的特征。半定量RT-PCR分析表明, 42℃热激1 h的黄粉虫各发育阶段Tmhsp70 mRNA的表达量上升了1.4~26.9倍。25℃下1日龄黄粉虫蛹中的Tmhsp70 mRNA 表达量要高于其余各发育阶段的累积表达量; 42℃热激1 h 后90日龄幼虫中的Tmhsp70 mRNA 表达量最丰富, 既高于30日龄和60日龄幼虫中的累积表达量, 也高于15日龄和30日龄成虫中的累积表达量。这些结果为进一步研究黄粉虫热休克蛋白的结构、 功能和表达调控及其与抗逆性的关系奠定了基础。     

Molecular cloning and expression of two HSP70 genes in the Wuchang bream (Megalobrama amblycephala Yih)

Two complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA) clones encoding heat shock cognate 70 (HSC70) and inducible heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) were isolated from the liver of Wuchang bream (Megalobrama amblycephala Y.) using RT-PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). They were named Ma-HSC70 and Ma-HSP70, respectively. The cDNAs were 2336 and 2224 bp in length [not including poly (A)] and contained 1950 and 1932 bp open reading frames (ORFs), respectively. The ORFs encoded proteins of 649 and 643 amino acids with predicted molecular weights of 71.24 and 70.52 kDa, and theoretical isoelectric points of 5.25 and 5.30, respectively. Genomic DNA structure analysis revealed that Ma-HSC70 gene contained seven introns with all introns conforming to the GT/AG rule whereas Ma-HSP70 gene did not contain any intron in the coding region. Amino acid sequence analysis indicated that both Ma-HSC70 and Ma-HSP70 contained three signature sequences of HSP70 family, two partial overlapping bipartite nuclear localization signal sequences (NLS) and cytoplasmic characteristic motif (EEVD). Homology analysis revealed that Ma-HSC70 shared more than 93.0% identity with the known HSC70s of other vertebrates, while Ma-HSP70 shared more than 85.0% identity with the known HSP70s of other vertebrates, and Ma-HSC70 and Ma-HSP70 shared 86.5% identity. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the proteins encoded by Ma-HSC70 and Ma-HSP70 genes were hydrophilic, rich in B cells antigenic sites, without any signal peptide or transmembrane region. The two proteins also contained many protein kinase C phosphorylation sites, N-myristoylation sites, casein kinase II phosphorylation sites, and N-glycosylation sites, predicting that they could play essential roles in protein folding, translocation, intracellular localization, signal transduction and regulation. The predominant secondary structures of the two proteins were α-helix and random coil. Fluorescent real-time quantitative RT-PCR was used to study the effects of heat shock (34 °C), crowding stress (100 g L^?1) and challenge with bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila on the mRNA expression of the two HSP70s in Wuchang bream liver. The results indicated that, during 24 h stress, Ma-HSC70 mRNA expression decreased at first and then rose to the level before stress under heat shock and crowding stress, but Ma-HSP70 mRNA expression increased at first and then decreased under heat stress, and appeared to increase continuously under crowding stress. After bacterial challenge, the mRNA levels of both Ma-HSC70 and Ma-HSP70 increased at first and then decreased. The cloning and expression analysis of the two HSP70s provide theoretical basis to further study the mechanism of anti-adverseness and expression characteristics under stress conditions of Wuchang bream.