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金黄色葡萄球菌肠毒素(staphylococcal enterotoxins,SEs)是由金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)分泌的一类具有呕吐活性的细菌外毒素,可引起严重的炎症反应和食物中毒。SEs具有超抗原活性,可与T细胞受体的可变区和MHC II类分子形成三元复合物(TCR-SEs-MHC II),直接刺激T淋巴细胞大量产生肿瘤坏死因子-α (tumor necrosis factor α,TNF-α)、白介素(interleukin,IL)-2、IL-6和γ干扰素(interferon γ,IFN-γ)等细胞因子,从而导致中毒性休克综合征(toxicshocksyndrome, TSS)。在临床常见的SEs中,肠毒素A (staphylococcalenterotoxin A, SEA)和肠毒素B(staphylococcal enterotoxin B,SEB)是出现频率最高、毒性最大、危害最严重的两种。目前尚没有针对SEs中毒治疗策略的综述性研究。本文首先概述了SEs的分类、结构及毒性作用,重点围绕SEA和SEB,分析了TCR-SEs-MHC II类... 相似文献
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【背景】金黄色葡萄球菌是目前食品和临床引起感染的重要病原菌,迫切需要开发新型抗菌药物。【目的】分析吡唑啉酮铜配合物P-FAH-Cu-phen对金黄色葡萄球菌的转录组影响和主要代谢信号通路。【方法】采用液体稀释法测定P-FAH-Cu-phen作用金黄色葡萄球菌的最低抑菌浓度(minimum inhibitory concentration, MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration, MBC)。将终浓度2 μg/mL的配合物分别作用于对数生长期的金黄色葡萄球菌30 min和2 h,进行转录组测序及分析。【结果】 P-FAH-Cu-phen作用金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC和MBC分别为2 μg/mL和4 μg/mL。与空白对照相比,配合物处理细菌30 min后,其差异基因共有356个,其中上调表达180个、下调表达176个;配合物处理细菌2 h后,其差异基因共有23个,其中上调表达3个、下调表达20个。差异基因功能主要富集于膜的组成部分、细胞质、质膜、ATP结合、发病机制、金属离子结合、组氨酸生物合成过程、DNA结合、水解酶活性、跨膜转运蛋白活性、硝酸盐同化、硝酸盐代谢过程、硝酸还原酶复合物、硝酸还原酶活性等。差异基因涉及的信号通路主要有双组分系统、群体感应、氮代谢、三羧酸循环、氨基酸代谢等。【结论】影响细菌质膜组成、毒素生成、生物膜形成、细胞壁合成、能量代谢等可能是吡唑啉酮铜配合物P-FAH-Cu-phen对金黄色葡萄球菌的主要抑菌作用。研究为揭示吡唑啉酮铜配合物抑制金黄色葡萄球菌分子机制提供了理论依据。 相似文献
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金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus, SA)被认为是最常见的食源性致病菌之一,引起人畜的感染性疾病,导致皮肤、软组织和血液感染,引发脓毒症和中毒性休克综合征。随着抗生素的滥用,金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药性逐渐增强,导致耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA)的出现,并且在全球范围内散播,严重危害公共卫生安全。目前亟需有效控制SA感染的新疗法,因此本文对金黄色葡萄球菌防治技术的研究进展进行综述,并对其防治前景进行了分析,以期对金黄色葡萄球菌尤其是MRSA的控制提供理论指导。 相似文献
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万古霉素敏感性下降的金黄色葡萄球菌(VISA/hV ISA)日益增多,已经成为公共健康的重要威胁。来自临床或实验室的VISA/hV ISA菌株表现出一些共同特征,如细胞壁增厚,自溶活性降低,毒力减弱,醋酸盐代谢异常。金葡菌从VSSA到VISA/hV ISA的转化是一个逐步演变的过程,VISA中一些调控基因的变异,特别是如wal KR、graRS、vra SR、rpo B、rpo C、rpo D、agr、msrR、fdh2、sle1等基因连续的变异与金葡菌对万古霉素的耐药性相关。VISA/hV ISA中相应基因的变异也是VISA/hV ISA对宿主毒力减弱,持续定殖及对宿主适应性改变的遗传基础。为了预防和控制VISA/hI VSA感染,应全面了解其生物学特性,开发简便有效的检验方法,探索制定灵活的治疗策略,达到有效防治的目的。 相似文献
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Brigitte Berger-Bächi Luisella Barberis-Maino Anni Strässle Fritz H. Kayser 《Molecular & general genetics : MGG》1989,219(1-2):263-269
Summary The methicillin resistance determinant (mec) in Staphylococcus aureus resides on additional DNA not present in isogenic sensitive cells. However, besides mec, other chromosomally determined factors are essential for expression of methicillin resistance. We cloned and characterized a chromosomally determined gene which encodes a factor essential for the expression of methicillin resistance (femA) in S. aureus. femA mapped in chromosomal segment number 18, genetically very distant from the methicillin resistance determinant (mec). The product of femA was a protein of an apparent size of 48 kDa. FemA restored methicillin resistance in S. aureus that had become sensitive to methicillin by insertion of 22003 (femA::Tn551). Although FemA was needed for cell growth in the presence of -lactam antibiotics, it had no influence on the synthesis of the low affinity, additional penicillin-binding protein (PBP2) encoded by mec and known to be essential for cell wall synthesis in the presence of inhibitory concentrations of methicillin. Nucleotide sequence analysis, Northern RNA blotting and S1 nuclease RNA mapping suggested that femA was transcribed on a polycistronic mRNA. This mRNA contained the coding region for FemA (ORF433) and a second coding region (ORF419) producing a protein of 47 kDa. The nucleotide and amino acid sequence of FemA showed homologies with ORF419, suggesting that these genes arose by gene duplication. In addition we present evidence for a second chromosomal factor, femB, involved in expression of methicillin resistance which maps close to femA. 相似文献
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【背景】功能作图(functionalmapping)模型是基于统计方法的分析生物体动态复杂性状发育的全基因组作图方法,旨在定位性状发育过程中的数量性状位点(quantitative trait loci, QTL),将功能作图应用于微生物研究有助于解析复杂的互作过程。【目的】利用功能作图定位两种微生物在动态生长发育过程中发挥显著作用的QTL,通过基因功能注释找到影响微生物表型生长的基因。【方法】将大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌各100个菌株单独培养和一一配对共同培养,将取得的各菌株生长丰度表型数据和单核苷酸多态性(singlenucleotidepolymorphism,SNP)数据进行关联分析,找到同一物种在不同培养条件下对生长起作用的显著QTL。【结果】通过功能作图分析,在大肠杆菌中定位到217个QTL,金黄色葡萄球菌中定位到152个QTL;通过功能聚类和基因注释分析发现,QTL所在候选基因中金黄色葡萄球菌scdA、sdrC、sdrD、ftsA和大肠杆菌phr、nagC、eptA、ppsA、priA、flim基因对微生物的生长发挥了较大作用。【结论】本文借助功能作图定位了大肠杆菌和金黄... 相似文献
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Habib Horchani Habib Mosbah Nadia Ben Salem Youssef Gargouri Adel Sayari 《Journal of Molecular Catalysis .B, Enzymatic》2009,56(4):237-245
A newly soil-isolated Staphylococcus aureus strain secretes a non-induced lipase in the culture medium. The extracellular lipase from S. aureus (SAL3) is purified to homogeneity. The purified enzyme is a tetrameric protein (180 kDa) corresponding to the association of four lipase molecules. The 15 N-terminal amino acid residues showed a high degree of homology with other staphylococcal lipase sequences. The part of the gene encoding the mature SAL3 is cloned and sequenced. The deduced polypeptide sequence, corresponding to the mature SAL3, was very similar to the mature Staphylococcus simulans lipase sequence with two additional amino acid residues (LK) at the N-terminus of SAL3. The lipase activity is maximal at pH 9.5 and 55 °C. The specific activity of about 4200 U/mg or 3500 U/mg was measured using tributyrin or olive oil emulsion as substrate, respectively, at pH 9.5 and 55 °C.In contrast to other staphylococcal lipases previously characterised, SAL3 is found to be stable between pH 5 and 12 after 24 h incubation. The enzyme retained 50% of its activity after 60 min incubation at 60 °C. This novel lipase is able to hydrolyse its substrate in presence of various oxidizing agents as well as some surfactants and some commercial detergents, then SAL3 can be considered as a good candidate for industrial and biotechnological applications. 相似文献
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The flavonol galangin is present in numerous plants and is a major constituent of Helichrysum aureonitens, a perennial herb used by South African indigenes to treat infection. In the present study, the antibacterial activity of galangin was assessed against 17 strains of 4-quinolone resistant S. aureus using an agar dilution assay. It was determined that the flavonol had a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of approximately 50 microg/ml against 16 of these strains, including those which exhibited 250- and 500-fold increases in norfloxacin resistance. The remaining one strain, which possessed an amino acid alteration in the GrlB subunit of topoisomerase IV, had increased susceptibility to galangin. Control strains of 4-quinolone sensitive S. aureus were also found to have MICs of 50 microg/ml. The topoisomerase IV enzyme may therefore be implicated in the antibacterial mechanism of action of galangin. Clearly however, there is no cross-resistance between galangin and the 4-quinolones, and the flavonol therefore warrants further investigation as an antibacterial agent. 相似文献
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以传统面制品馒头作为研究对象,采用修正的Gompertz(SGompertz)和修正的Logistic(SLogistic)作为一级生长模型,应用Origin 9.0软件分别拟合馒头中金黄色葡萄球菌在10、15、25、30和37 ℃的生长情况,获得其最大比生长速率(μmax)和迟滞期(λ)。采用平方根模型和二次多项式模型建立馒头中金黄色葡萄球菌的二级生长模型,并对该模型进行验证。结果表明,SGompertz模型能较好地拟合馒头中金黄色葡萄球菌的生长。以μmax建立的平方根和二次多项式模型,R2分别为0.931 5和0.932 0,偏差因子(Bf)分别为1.123 2和1.050 1,准确因子(Af)分别为1.221 0和1.190 2,表明采用μmax进行拟合时,二次多项式模型的拟合效果较好;以迟滞期λ建立的平方根和二次多项式模型,R2分别为0.948 4和0.969 6,Bf分别为0.890 1和0.912 2,Af分别为1.541 1和1.180 3,表明采用迟滞期λ进行拟合时,二次多项式模型的拟合效果较好。本研究可为馒头等传统面制品的定量风险评估提供参考。 相似文献
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We have determined the nucleotide sequence of a 3.5 kb segment in the recF region of the Staphylococcus aureus chromosome. The gene order at this locus, dnaA-dnaN-recF-gyrB is similar to that found in the replication origin region of many other bacteria. S. aureus RecF protein (predicted molecular mass 42.3 kDa), has 57% amino acid sequence identity with the Bacillus subtilis RecF protein (42.2 kDa), but only 26% with the Escherichia coli RecF protein (40.5 kDa). We have shown that the S. aureus recF gene partially complements the defect of a B. subtilis recF mutant, but does not complement an E. coli recF strain. The amino acid sequence alignment of seven available RecF proteins (five of them from bacteria of gram-negative origin) allowed us to identify eight highly conserved regions ( to ) and to predict five new conserved regions within the gram-positive group (a to f). We suggest that the basic mechanism of homologous recombination is conserved among free-living bacteria. 相似文献
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研究了将叠氮溴化丙锭(PMA)与微滴式数字PCR(ddPCR)技术相结合,用于金黄色葡萄球菌活菌的检测。结果表明,强烈光照15 min,可以使PMA与死菌DNA共价交联,同时钝化游离的PMA;可以有效抑制金黄色葡萄球菌死菌DNAPCR扩增的PMA终浓度为2.0μg/m L;不抑制活菌DNA扩增的PMA最高浓度是5.0μg/m L。在不同死、活菌比例下,PMA-ddPCR可以定量检测活菌,避免了死菌DNA的干扰,本方法的检出限为10 copy/20μL。利用PMA-ddPCR检测人工污染鸡肉样品,最低可检出102cfu/m L的金黄色葡萄球菌。表明PMA-ddPCR方法的灵敏度高。 相似文献
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【目的】为了解Fn BPA-A分子遗传多态性对新疆部分地区牛源金黄色葡萄球菌免疫生物学特性的影响。【方法】对采自新疆不同地区的牛源金黄色葡萄球菌Fn BPA-A氨基酸序列进行分析,构建了Fn BPA-A 8个不同遗传多态性的真核重组质粒,分别免疫C57BL/6小鼠,收集免疫后的抗血清。对不同重组质粒免疫小鼠后免疫保护力进行比较分析。【结果】进化树显示GS801、GS819、GS856属于同一分支,GW10-1、GW20-2、GY288、GY309为同一分支,GY278为一分支。免疫小鼠并进行攻击保护检测,GW20-2、GS801、GS819、GS856与GY288免疫组对小鼠的免疫保护率较高,GY278免疫组免疫保护率最低。【结论】Fn BPA-A分子的遗传多态性可以影响免疫小鼠的免疫水平和攻毒保护力。 相似文献
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