中药王不留行化学成分的研究Ⅲ

从经产麦蓝菜（Ｖａｃｃａｒｉａ ｓｅｇｅｔａｌｉｓ（Ｎｅｃｋ）Ｇａｒｃｈｅ．）的种子王不留行中分离得到５个化合物,经波谱分析和化学方法分别鉴定为化学方法分别鉴定为：ＶａｃｃａｒｏｓｉｄｅＢ（１）、Ｃ（２）、Ｄ、（３）,６－Ｎ－ｍｅｔｈｙｌａｄｅｎｏｓｉｎｅ（４）和Ｎ,Ｎ－ｄｉｍｅｔｈｙｌ－Ｌ－ｔｒｙｐｔｏｐｈａｎ（５）。其中化合物４和５为首次从该植物中分得。     

云木香化学成分研究Ⅱ

从丽江产云木香（ＳａｕｓｒｅａｌａｐｐａＣ．Ｂ．Ｃｌａｒｋｅ）根中分离得到的另外７个化合物,它们分别是＿孕甾烯醇酮（ｐｒｅｇｎｅｎｏｌｏｎｅ）（１）,β－谷甾醇（β－ｓｉｔｏｓｔｅｒｏｌ）（２）,葫萝卜甙（ｄａｕｃｏｓｔｅｒｏｌ）（３）,苯丙素甙（ｓｙｒｉｎｇｉｎ）（４）,木质素甙（１－ｈｙｄｒｏｘｙｐｉｎｏｒｅｓｉｎｏｌ－１－β－Ｄ－ｇｌｕｃｏｐｙｒａｎｏｓｉｄｅ）（５）,油酸［（ｚ,ｚ）－９,１２－ｏｃｔａｄｅｃａｄｉｅｎｏｉｃａｃｉｄ］（６）和油酸－１,３－甘油二酯［（ｚ,ｚ）－９,１２－ｏｃｔａｄｅｃａｄｉｅｎｏｉｃａｃｉｄ－２－ｈｙｄｒｏｘｙ－１,３－ｐｒｏｐａｎｅｄｉｎｙｌｅｓｔｅｒ］（７）．它们的结构通过波谱和化学的方法得到鉴定。其中化合物１作为天然产物首次从植物中分离得到,化合物３,４,５和７为首次从该植物中分离得到。     

番荔枝种子中的3个新的番荔枝内酯

从番荔枝（Ａｎｎｏｎａ ｓｑｕａｍ ｏｓａ Ｌ．）的种子中分离到Ａ１—Ａ７共７个化合物,其中Ａ２、Ａ３和Ａ５为新的番荔枝内酯,分别命名为新－去乙酰紫玉盘素（ｎｅｏ－ｄｅｓａｃｅｔｙｌｕｖａｒｉｃｉｎ, Ａ２）、新阿诺宁乙（ｎｅｏ－ａｎｎｏｎｉｎ Ｂ, Ａ３）和新牛心番荔枝素甲（ｎｅｏ－ｒｅｔｉｃｕｌａｔａｃｉｎ Ａ, Ａ５）。     

雷公藤根皮三萜成分研究

从雷公藤（Ｔｒｉｐｔｅｒｙｇｉｕｍ ｗｉｌｆｏｒｄｉｉ Ｈｏｏｋ．ｆ．）根皮的丙酮提取物中分得１１个化合物,经理化数据及光谱分析鉴定了它们的结构为：雷公藤红素（Ｔｒｉｐｔｅｒｉｎｅ１）,Ｐｏｌｐｕｎｏｎｉｃ ａｃｉｄ（２）,２－Ｈｙｄｒｏｘｙ－ｐｏｌｐｕｎｏｎｉｃ ａｃｉｄ（３）,２,３－Ｄｉｈｙｄｒｏｘｙ－ｆｒｉｅｄｅｌ－６,９（１１）－ｅｎ－２９－ｏｉｃ ａｃｉｄ（４）,Ｄｅｍｅｔｈｙｌｚｅｙ     

狭基线纹香茶菜中一个新的木脂类素化合物

从狭基线纹香茶菜（Ｉｓｏｄｏｎ ｌｏｐｈａｎｔｈｏｉｄｅｓ ｖａｒ．ｇｅｒａｒｄｉａｎｕｓ「Ｂｅｎｔｈａｍ」Ｈ．Ｈａｒａ）的乙酸乙酯部分分离得到两个木脂类素化合物,经１Ｄ、２Ｄ－ＮＭＲ技术鉴定,分别为１－ａｃｅｔｏｘｙｌ－２ｅ,６ｅ－ｄｉｐｉｐｅｒｏｎｙｌ－３,７－ｄｉｏｘａｂｉｃｙｃｌｏ－「３,３,０」－ｏｃｔａｎｅ（１）和１－ａｃｅｔｏｘｙｌ－２ｅ－ｐｉｐｅｒｏｎｙｌ－６ｅ－「６－ｍｅｔｈｏｘ     

齿苞筋骨草的化学成分研究

从齿苞筋骨草（Ａｕｊｇａ ｌｕｐｕｌｉｎａ ｖａｒ,Ｍａｊｏｒ）中分离出５个化合物,通过光谱数据鉴定为：６－去乙酰有草素Ⅳ（６－ｄｅａｃｅｌｙｌ ａｊｕａｇｒｉｎ Ⅳ）、香草酸（Ｖａｎｉｌｌｉｅ ａｃｉｄ）、木草素（ｌｕｔｅｌｉｎ）、８－乙酰爪构草甘（８０ａｃｅｔｈｙｌ ｈａｒｐａｇｉｄｅ）和木犀草７－Ｏ－葡萄２糖苷（ｌｕｔｅｌｉｎ－７－Ｏｇｌｕｅｏｐｙｒａｎｏｓｉｄｅ。）     

地涌金莲化学成分的研究

从地涌金莲（Ｍｕｓｅｌｌａ ｌａｓｉｏｃａｒｐａ（Ｆｒａｎｃｈ．）Ｃ．Ｙ．Ｗｕ．）新鲜植物中分离得到了５种化合物,经理化常数和ＩＲ,ＥＩ－ＭＷ、＾１Ｈ ＮＭＲ,＾１５ＣＮＭＲ波谱数据分析,分别鉴定为,正二十四烷（ｔｅｔｒａｃｏｓａｎｅ,１）,β－谷甾醇（β－ｓｉｔｏｓｔｅｒｏｌ,２）,硬脂酸（ｓｔｅｒａｒｉｅ ａｃｉｄ,３）２,４－二羟基苯甲酸（２,４－ｄｉｔｈｙｄｒｏｘｙ ｂｅｎｚｏｌｅ ａｃｉ     

云衫针层孔菌化学成分的研究

从云衫针层孔菌Ｐｈｅｌｌｉｎｕｓ ｙａｍａｎｏｉ（Ｔａｍｚ．）ｓｈａｗ分离得到１２个化合物,借助光谱分析鉴定为：８,１１,１３－ａｂｉｅｔａｄｉｅｎ－１８－ｏｉｃ ａｃｉｄ（１）,１,２－ｂｅｎｚｅｎｅｄｉ－ｃａｒｂｏｘｙｌｉｃ ａｃｉｄｂｉｓ（２－ｅｔｈｙｌ－ｈｅｘｙｌ）ｅｓｔｅｒ（２）,ｅｒｇｏｓｔｅｒｏｌ ｐｅｒｏｘｉｄｅ（３）,ｅｒｇｏｓｔａ ７,２２（Ｅ）－ｉｄｅｎ－３－ｏｌ（４）,ｅｒｇｏｓｔａ ７,２２（Ｚ）－ｄｉｅｎ－３－ｏｌ（５）,ｏｃｔａｄｅｃａｎｏｉｃ ａｃｉｄ－１,３－ｐｒｏｐａｎｅｄｉｙｌ ｅｓｔｅｒ（６）,ｏｃｔａｄｅｃａｎｏｉｃ ａｃｉｄ（７）,８（１９）,１４－ｌａｂｄａｄｉｅｎ－１３－ｏｌ（８）,ｅｒｇｏｓｔａ－４,６,８（１４）,２２－ｔｅｔｒａｅｎ－３－ｏｎｅ（９）,化合     

匙叶翼首花的化学成分

从药用植物匙叶翼首花（Ｐｔｅｒｏｃｅｐｈａｌｕｓ ｈｏｏｋｅｒｉ）中分离了７个化合物。通过波谱分析及已知物数据对照,分别鉴定为ｓｏｎｇｏｒｏｓｉｄｅＡ⑴,ｌｏｇａｎｉｎ⑵,软脂酸（ｐａｌｍｉｔｉｃ ａｃｉｄ,３）,乌索酸（ｕｒｓｏｌｉｃ ａｃｉｄ,４）,齐墩果酸（ｏｌｅａｎｏｌｉｃ ａｃｉｄ,５）,β－谷甾醇（β－ｓｉｔｏｓｔｅｒｏｌ,６）,β－龙胆二糖（β－ｇｅｎｔｉｏｂｉｏｓｅ,７）,其中２是     

云南“生态茶”的化学成分

从云南西双版纳产大叶茶（Ｃａｍｅｌｌｉａｓｉｎｅｎｓｉｓｖａｒ．ａｓｓａｍｉｃａ）制成的“生态茶”中分离到１１个化合物和１个混晶,经光谱测定,１１个化合物分别鉴定为没食子酸、（＋）儿茶素、（－）表儿茶素、（－）没食子儿茶素、（－）表没食子儿茶素、（－）表儿茶素－３－０没食子酸酯、（－）表没食子儿茶素－３－Ｏ没食子酸酯、茶素、１,４,６－三役食子酰基－β－Ｄ葡萄糖１－Ｏ－没食子酰基－４,６－（－）－六羟基联苯二甲醚基－β－Ｄ－葡萄糖以及咖啡因;混晶为芦丁和山奈酚－３－芸香糖甙的混合物。这是对国产大叶茶的第一次较详细的化学研究。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.