共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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代谢工程是近年来发展起来的新技术,随着各种组学技术的发展,高通量数据整合方法用于分析细胞的代谢网络,改造代谢途径,以提高目标产物的产量。本文就代谢工程的发展状况,基因组尺度的分析技术,以及代谢工程策略进行了综述。分析了生物信息学和系统生物学方法在代谢途径构建和代谢网络分析中的作用,并就存在的问题和可能的解决途径进行了阐述。 相似文献
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合成生物学与代谢工程 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
随着DNA重组技术的日趋成熟,代谢工程的理论和应用已经得到了迅速发展。合成生物学是近年来蓬勃发展的一门新兴学科,在许多领域都具有重要的应用。以下从改造细胞代谢的关键因子、代谢途径的调节和宿主细胞与代谢途径构建的关系等方面详细讨论了合成生物学的最新进展和合成生物学在代谢工程领域的应用。 相似文献
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生物柴油是一种能替代柴油的可再生燃料,然而通过植物油料化学转酯化生产的第一代生物柴油在性能和生产工艺上有很多缺点。近年来随着合成生物学和代谢工程的迅速发展,通过选择合适的微生物并利用各种生物技术改造其代谢合成途径,如脂肪酸合成途径、异戊二烯合成途径,研究人员能利用微生物直接生产性能更加优越、品质更高的新型第二代生物柴油——长链烷烃。文章总结了目前遗传改造微生物代谢途径生产新型柴油的研究进展,并指出目前该领域存在的问题以及今后的发展方向。 相似文献
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作为第三代生物燃料,大型褐藻类生物质转化燃料乙醇的研究受到广泛的关注。但是,现有的乙醇工业菌株并不能利用褐藻中的主要成分海藻酸,这个问题是海藻生物乙醇实现工业化生产的主要技术难关。近几年随着对海藻酸裂解酶和海藻酸降解菌代谢途径的深入研究,科研人员构建了不同的海藻酸发酵菌株,为高效转化大型海藻生产生物乙醇提供了可行的技术基础。这篇文章对海藻酸资源概况和海藻酸转化生物乙醇存在的科学问题及其研究进展进行了综述。 相似文献
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酿酒酵母木糖发酵酒精途径工程的研究进展 总被引:17,自引:1,他引:16
途径工程(Pathway engineering),被称为第三代基因工程,改变代谢流向,开辟新的代谢途径是途径工程的主要目的。利用途径工程理念,对酿酒酵母(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)代谢途径进行理性设计,以拓展这一传统酒精生产菌的底物范围,使其充分利用可再生纤维质水解物中的各种糖分,是酿酒酵母酒精途径工程的研究热点之一。这里介绍了近年来酿酒酵母以木糖为底物的酒精途径工程的研究进展。 相似文献
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Bio-ethanol--the fuel of tomorrow from the residues of today 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Hahn-Hägerdal B Galbe M Gorwa-Grauslund MF Lidén G Zacchi G 《Trends in biotechnology》2006,24(12):549-556
The increased concern for the security of the oil supply and the negative impact of fossil fuels on the environment, particularly greenhouse gas emissions, has put pressure on society to find renewable fuel alternatives. The most common renewable fuel today is ethanol produced from sugar or grain (starch); however, this raw material base will not be sufficient. Consequently, future large-scale use of ethanol will most certainly have to be based on production from lignocellulosic materials. This review gives an overview of the new technologies required and the advances achieved in recent years to bring lignocellulosic ethanol towards industrial production. One of the major challenges is to optimize the integration of process engineering, fermentation technology, enzyme engineering and metabolic engineering. 相似文献
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能利用五碳糖和六碳糖生产乙醇的基因工程菌菌株的构建 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
燃料乙醇是一种极具前景的燃油代用品,近年来发展尤为迅速,为了推广这种能源和满足日益增长的需求,我们有必要开发更为高效的生产工艺和寻找更为廉价的原料。解决此问题的关键在于获得高效的工程菌,使其能利用木质纤维素水解液中的五碳糖和六碳糖发酵生产乙醇。通过代谢工程的研究和基因重组技术,几种重组细菌显示出良好的开发前景,它们是运动发酵单胞菌、大肠杆菌、产酸克雷伯氏菌和菊欧文氏菌。本文就这四种细菌的研究进展以及基因重组过程进行了介绍和评价。 相似文献
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产乙醇工程菌研究进展 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
伴随着21世纪的到来,低油价的时代也悄然落幕。简要概述了燃料乙醇产生菌代谢工程的研究进展,包括了利用淀粉、戊糖及纤维素的工程酵母构建,运动发酵单胞菌利用戊糖工程菌的构建,引入外源乙醇合成途径的大肠埃希氏菌和产酸克雷伯氏菌等。对燃料乙醇的重视将促进开发能利用廉价原料和要求粗放的工程菌株用于高产乙醇的生产过程,以降低成本和能耗,其中能利用生淀粉的工程酵母及利用木质纤维素水解物的运动发酵单胞菌工程菌有较大的工业化潜力。 相似文献
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Fuel ethanol production from lignocellulose: a challenge for metabolic engineering and process integration 总被引:54,自引:6,他引:48
With industrial development growing rapidly, there is a need for environmentally sustainable energy sources. Bioethanol (ethanol from biomass) is an attractive, sustainable energy source to fuel transportation. Based on the premise that fuel bioethanol can contribute to a cleaner environment and with the implementation of environmental protection laws in many countries, demand for this fuel is increasing. Efficient ethanol production processes and cheap substrates are needed. Current ethanol production processes using crops such as sugar cane and corn are well-established; however, utilization of a cheaper substrate such as lignocellulose could make bioethanol more competitive with fossil fuel. The processing and utilization of this substrate is complex, differing in many aspects from crop-based ethanol production. One important requirement is an efficient microorganism able to ferment a variety of sugars (pentoses, and hexoses) as well as to tolerate stress conditions. Through metabolic engineering, bacterial and yeast strains have been constructed which feature traits that are advantageous for ethanol production using lignocellulose sugars. After several rounds of modification/evaluation/modification, three main microbial platforms, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Zymomonas mobilis, and Escherichia coli, have emerged and they have performed well in pilot studies. While there are ongoing efforts to further enhance their properties, improvement of the fermentation process is just one of several factors-that needs to be fully optimized and integrated to generate a competitive lignocellulose ethanol plant. 相似文献
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Cellulase, clostridia, and ethanol. 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Arnold L Demain Michael Newcomb J H David Wu 《Microbiology and molecular biology reviews》2005,69(1):124-154
Biomass conversion to ethanol as a liquid fuel by the thermophilic and anaerobic clostridia offers a potential partial solution to the problem of the world's dependence on petroleum for energy. Coculture of a cellulolytic strain and a saccharolytic strain of Clostridium on agricultural resources, as well as on urban and industrial cellulosic wastes, is a promising approach to an alternate energy source from an economic viewpoint. This review discusses the need for such a process, the cellulases of clostridia, their presence in extracellular complexes or organelles (the cellulosomes), the binding of the cellulosomes to cellulose and to the cell surface, cellulase genetics, regulation of their synthesis, cocultures, ethanol tolerance, and metabolic pathway engineering for maximizing ethanol yield. 相似文献
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Fermentative butanol production by Clostridia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lee SY Park JH Jang SH Nielsen LK Kim J Jung KS 《Biotechnology and bioengineering》2008,101(2):209-228
Butanol is an aliphatic saturated alcohol having the molecular formula of C(4)H(9)OH. Butanol can be used as an intermediate in chemical synthesis and as a solvent for a wide variety of chemical and textile industry applications. Moreover, butanol has been considered as a potential fuel or fuel additive. Biological production of butanol (with acetone and ethanol) was one of the largest industrial fermentation processes early in the 20th century. However, fermentative production of butanol had lost its competitiveness by 1960s due to increasing substrate costs and the advent of more efficient petrochemical processes. Recently, increasing demand for the use of renewable resources as feedstock for the production of chemicals combined with advances in biotechnology through omics, systems biology, metabolic engineering and innovative process developments is generating a renewed interest in fermentative butanol production. This article reviews biotechnological production of butanol by clostridia and some relevant fermentation and downstream processes. The strategies for strain improvement by metabolic engineering and further requirements to make fermentative butanol production a successful industrial process are also discussed. 相似文献
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