苦绳（Dregea sinensis）中多氧化孕烷糖苷与免疫蛋白相互作用的研究

目的 基于化学结构特点研究植物苦绳（Dregea sinensis）中多氧孕烷糖苷的生物活性,以及化合物分子与靶蛋白分子间的作用机理。方法 本研究采用分子对接和表面等离子体共振方法,对191个多氧化孕烷糖苷类成分（>800 u）进行了免疫活性及其与免疫蛋白的动力学评价。结果 通过分子对接方法筛选出7个配体分子（6、18、23、30、78、79和80）和3个免疫相关蛋白（IL-2Rα、TLR4和TNF-α）。研究表明,化合物30和78在SPR实验中与靶蛋白IL-2Rα和TLR4具有显著的结合趋势,与IL-2Rα的结合常数K_D分别为2.41×10^-6和2.14×10^-6 mol/L,与TLR4则分别为1.96×10^-5和5.60×10^-6 mol/L。分子动力学研究进一步表征SPR阳性分子6、18、30、78和80与靶蛋白之间的相互作用基团。结论 研究揭示多氧化孕烷糖苷类成分可以通过形成氢键和Pi-Pi相互作用与靶蛋白结合。研究内容对快速评价多氧化孕烷糖苷类成分的活性具有重要意义,为揭示低丰度药效物质的潜在作用机制进行了有益探索。     

组胺H3受体激活剂高通量筛选细胞模型的研究

摘 要 目的 建立基于报告基因的组胺H3受体（H3R）激活剂的高通量筛选模型,用此模型对收集到的中草药化合物组分进行筛选,以发现新的组胺H3R激活剂。 方法 将H3R基因质粒（H3R/pCDNA3.1-hygro）与报告基因质粒（3XCRE-LUC）按3：1的比例共转染入HEK293细胞,建立了稳定的H3R配体的报告基因筛选细胞株。激活剂与细胞表面H3R结合后,激活相应的信号通路,调节Forskolin刺激后的报告基因的表达,通过测定荧光素酶报告基因表达水平的变化,评估激活剂影响H3受体的生物活性。 结果 通过对筛选条件,如激活剂孵育时间、Forskolin终浓度、化合物溶剂的选择、溶剂DMSO终浓度等的优化,建立了可靠的筛选方法,并对多种中草药萃取物进行了筛选,找到了两种对H3R有活性的中药组分。结论 建立的细胞模型可以有效的应用于以组胺H3受体为靶点的高通量药物筛选。     

重组生防菌308R(pKSH)的遗传稳定性研究*

工程菌308R(pKSH)携带有梨火疫欧文氏杆菌的hrpN基因,能产生并分泌诱导植物抗病性蛋白-Harpin。该工程菌在无选择压培养基中生长50代,带有重组质粒pKSH的细胞占总菌量的23.1%,对照菌308R(pCPP430)的细胞占4·75%。将工程菌和对照菌喷雾到番茄叶面,保湿条件下的13d内,叶面菌量维持在10⁵cfu/cm²以上,自然条件下的5d内,菌量维持在10⁴cfu/cm²以上,其间308     

悬浮培养HEK-293 N3S细胞生产重组腺病毒Ad-GFP的实验研究

利用5L生物反应器悬浮培养HEK-293 N3S细胞生产携带绿色荧光蛋白基因的重组腺病毒(recombinant adenovirus-green fluorescent protein,Ad-GFP),为规模化生产腺病毒基因药物建立一种稳定可行的生产工艺。复苏的种子细胞进行逐级放大最后接入5L搅拌式生物反应器中,采用含5％胎牛血清（FBS）的DMEM/F12培基灌流培养293 N3S细胞,当细胞密度达到(2～4)×10⁶个/mL时感染Ad-GFP,48h后收获细胞,经两步氯化铯超速离心获得纯化的Ad-GFP。采用紫外分光光度计比色法和高压液相色谱法（HPLC）测定病毒颗粒数和纯度,采用组织培养半数感染剂量（TCID₅₀）法检测腺病毒的感染滴度。连续培养10～12d,细胞密度可达到(2～4)×10⁶6个/mL左右,纯化的Ad-GFP感染滴度和颗粒数分别为1.0×10¹¹IU/mL和1.68×10¹²VP/mL,比活性为6.0%,A₂₆₀A₂₈₀比值为1.33,产品纯度达到99.2%。建立了5L生物反应器悬浮培养293 N3S细胞生产重组腺病毒Ad-GFP的生产工艺,对携带其他基因的重组腺病毒药物生产具有一定的指导意义。     

谷氨酸棒状杆菌尿素传感器的研究

基于腺酶催化尿素分解产生氨,以氨气敏电极为基础电极,用含脲酶丰富的谷氨酸棒状杆菌研制成测定尿素的微生物传感器.在30℃、pH8.0、0.1mol/L磷酸盐缓冲液中,该传感器的线性范围为1.1×10^-4～1.4×10^-2mol/L,斜率为51.2mV/decade,检测下限为1.0×10^-5mol/L,寿命可达45d.考察了传感器响应初速和底物浓度之间的关系,测定了微生物膜中脲酶的表观米氏常数K_m及最大响应初速v_m.     

重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子Cdna在哺乳动物细胞中高效表达的研究

利用PCR反应、DNA测序、基因重组等技术,构建了两个表达人粒细胞集落刺激因子cDNA的重组质粒pED－GCSF和pEF－GCSF,两质粒分别转染COS7细胞作瞬时表达,转染CHO－dhfr－细胞作稳定表达。结果两质粒在COS7细胞和CHO细胞均获得了表达,pED－GCSF转染COS7细胞48h、72h的表达量分别为5.2×10⁴pg/ml和2.3×10⁵pg/ml,pEF－GCSF转染COS7细胞后48h、72h的表达量分别为2.8×10⁵pg/ml和1.4×10⁵pg/ml。转染CHO－dhfr－细胞,随着加入的氨甲喋呤(MTX)浓度升高,CHO－dhfr+克隆数减少,但平均每个克隆的rhG－CSF表达量升高,在0.5μmol/L MTX下最高表达rhG－CSF细胞株的量是4.46μg/ml/3d。且表达的rhG－CSF注射小鼠腹腔可提高小鼠外周血白细胞的数量。     

中华绒螯蟹眼柄MTXO细胞GABA受体通道研究

采用全细胞膜片钳技术测定了中华绒螯蟹（Eriocheir sinensis）眼柄视神经节端髓X器官（MTXO）三种类型神经内分泌细胞对0.01～5mmol/L γ氨基丁酸（γ-aminobutyric acid,GABA）的反应,并结合选择性拮抗剂和激动剂的使用进行了GABA受体研究.在电流钳模式下,依据不同Nernst Cl^－电位,三种类型细胞均对GABA产生去极化或超级化反应.在电压钳模式下,GABA激活Cl^－通道电流（I_GABA）.I_GABA在灌流GABA后约1 200 ms内激活,800 ms内达到峰值,没有明显的脱敏反应,反转电位接近Nernst Cl^－电位.I_GABA幅值呈浓度依赖性,激活阈值为0.01 mmol/L,约在0.5 mmol/L达到饱和.药理学实验结果表明,中华绒螯蟹眼柄神经内分泌细胞GABA受体是Cl^－通道蛋白,对Cl^－离子通道阻断剂Picrotoxin和Niflumic acid敏感,但是对GABA_A受体拮抗剂Bicuculline和GABA_C受体激动剂cis-4-aminocrotonic acid (CACA)和trans-4-aminocrotonic (TACA)均不敏感.     

北京市五大水系水体浮游细菌的数量特征研究

为掌握水域浮游细菌数量分布特征及其变化情况,采用荧光显微镜细菌计数法（AODC）于2016年6月至2018年9月研究了北京市五大水系浮游细菌的数量特征。结果表明,各水系浮游细菌密度分别为潮白河水系（0.24～28.46）×104 cell/mL,大清河水系（1.34～64.00）×10⁴ cell/mL,永定河水系（0.17～6.77）×10⁴ cell/mL,北运河水系（0.24～64.00）×10⁴ cell/mL,蓟运河水系（0.80～112.00）×10⁴ cell/mL。SPSS相关分析表明,各水系浮游细菌密度与水体理化因子间的相关性存在明显差异,大清河水系细菌密度与TN（P<0.05）呈显著正相关,与TP（P<0.01）和ADP(P<0.01)呈极显著正相关;永定河水系细菌密度与TAN（P<0.05）和TP(P<0.05)呈显著正相关,与ADP（P<0.01）呈极显著正相关;蓟运河水系细菌密度与Chl-a（P<0.05）呈显著正相关;潮白河水系及北运河水系细菌密度则与各理化因子均无显著相关性。从浮游细菌数量来看,各水系水质均较好,其中永定河水系水质最优。     

人外周淋巴细胞多巴胺受体的测定方法研究

用[³H]-spiperone作为特异配体,与人的淋巴细胞膜上多巴胺受体进行结合反应,在淋巴细胞浓度1×10⁶个/ml,反应温度37℃,反应时间60min条件下,此结合反应具有低容量和高亲和力的特点。K_d=8.87nmol/L, B_max=181fmol/l×10⁶个淋巴细胞。用单点法分析,34例正常人特异结合平均值为139(fmol/1×10⁶LC)。此法用血量少重复性优,从而适用于临床研究。     

腺病毒载体介导PDX-1在骨髓间充质干细胞中的表达

为研究PDX-1基因在骨髓间充质干细胞中的表达情况及生物学功能的发挥,构建了含PDX-1基因的重组腺病毒载体. 酶切PDX-1基因并连入穿梭质粒pAdTrack-CMV.用电穿孔法使穿梭质粒pAdTrack-CMV-PDX-1与病毒骨架质粒pAdEasy-1在大肠杆菌BJ5183中同源重组.利用脂质体介导重组腺病毒载体转染293细胞,包装出完整的腺病毒.分离、培养、扩增骨髓间充质干细胞.用重组腺病毒感染间充质干细胞.用荧光显微镜、RT-PCR、免疫荧光染色等方法检测PDX-1、胰岛素基因及蛋白质的表达,用放射免疫分析法检测转基因细胞分泌胰岛素情况.结果表明:通过测序、PCR、酶切等鉴定PDX-1基因已正确插入穿梭质粒中,并与病毒骨架质粒重组.重组腺病毒滴度为6.3×10⁷ PFU/ml.通过荧光显微镜观察证实重组腺病毒可高效感染骨髓间充质干细胞,经RT-PCR、免疫荧光染色证实转染pAd-PDX-1后培养7天的细胞中有PDX-1及胰岛素基因的表达.这些转基因的细胞向胞外分泌的胰岛素量为(15.21±3.50) mIU/L.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.