樟科植物柄锈菌补记

本文报告了樟科植物上的柄锈菌计巧种。其中有4个新种:四川山胡椒柄锈Puccinia linderae-setchuenensis sp. nov.,黄丹木姜子柄锈Puccinia litseae-elongatae sp. nov., 赛楠柄锈Puccinia nothaphoebes sp. nov.和湘楠柄锈Puccinia phoebes- hunanensis sp. nov二新种模式标本保藏在中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室。研究了已知种的模式标本,并在文中作了简要讨论。文中附有种的检索表。     

中国百合目植物柄锈菌属的种

本文报告了寄生在中国百合目植物(薯祯科,鸢尾科,灯心草科和百合科)上的柄锈菌共2I种。其中有2个新种,它们是刘氏柄锈(Puccinia lioui J.Y. Zhuang sp. nov.)和胀柄柄锈(Puccinia oedopoda J.Y. Zhuang sp. nov.),均寄生在菝葜属(Smilax)植物上。每个种都作了详细描述并附图。对百合科植物上的种附加了检索表。本文所引证的标本均保藏在中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室。     

中国伞形科植物柄锈菌的分类研究

本文报告了中国寄生于伞形科植物上的柄锈菌19种,其中4种为中国新记录。它们是托马斯柄锈(Puccinia thomasii),贝加尔柄锈(Puccinia baikalensis),阿丽索娃柄锈(Puccinia alisovae)和山芹柄锈(Puccinia oreoselini),每个种均有形态描述并附图,有些种并附加简要讨论。由于缺少标本而未能研究的种仅在附录中列出文献、寄主和产地。     

玄参目植物柄锈菌的国产种

作者对中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室所藏的玄参目植物(爵床科,木犀科和玄参科)上的柄锈菌标本作了较详细的订正研究,共获得了12个种。其中藏玄参柄锈菌Puccinia oreosolenis J.-y. Zhuang为新种,产西藏定结(中喜马拉雅)高山冰缘地带。长尾婆婆纳柄锈菌Puccinia veronicae-longifoliae Savile为亚洲新记录,过去仅知分布芬兰和瑞典。本文对每个种均作了讨论并对各科植物上的种列出了检索表。     

中国唇形科植物柄锈菌属的种

本文报告了中国唇形科植物上的柄锈菌共9个种,其中新种2个,即灯笼草柄锈Puccinia clinopodii-polycephali和火把花柄锈P. colquhouniae;中国新纪录种1个,即香茶菜柄锈P.pletranthi。每个种都有描述并附有孢子图,对有些种作了简短讨论,对于过去的错误鉴定作了订正.有三种由于缺乏标本未能研究,仅列出文献、寄主及产地。已研究的种附有检索表。所有引证的标本均保藏在中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室。     

青藏高原东缘的锈菌资料Ⅲ.禾本科植物柄锈菌补记

本文报告采自云南及青海的四种禾本科植物柄锈菌。其中鹅冠草Roegneria kamojiOhwi上的鹅冠草柄锈菌Puccinia roegneriae J.-y. Zhuang & S.-x. Wei为新种。纤毛鹅冠草Roegneria ciliaris(Trin.) Nevski上的日本猬草柄锈菌Puccinia asperellae-japonicae Hara,弓果黍Cyrtococcum patens(L.) A. Camus上的东方柄锈菌Puccinia orientalis(H.Syd., P. Syd. & Butl.) Arth. & Cumm.以及乱子草Muhlenbergia hugelii Trin.上的乱子草柄锈菌Puccinia schedonnardi Kell. & Swing.为我国新记录种。对新种作了拉丁文描述。对其余的三个新记录种都作了讨论。本研究引用的中国标本(包括新种的模式)保存在中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室。     

中国禾本科植物锈菌补遗

本文对中国禾本科植物锈菌增补了五种,其中两个新种:1、单穗拂子茅夏孢锈Uredo calamagrostidis-emodensis 2、多花剪股颖夏孢锈U. agrostidis-myrianthae;三个中国新记录:3、青篱竹柄锈Puccinia arundinariae 4、阿切尔单胞锈Uromyces archerianus 5、龙爪茅单胞锈U. dactyloctenii。每个种都有描述及附图。标本保藏在中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室。     

中国莎草科植物柄锈菌属的种

本文报告了中国莎草科植物的柄锈菌计33种.其中有2个新种,它们是双孔柄锈Puccinia biporosa sp. nov,和林氏苔草柄锈Puccinia caricis-lingii sp. nov.,均寄生于苔草属Carex.中国新记录种有13个.它们是大披针苔草柄锈Puccinia caricis-lanceolatae Y.Morimoto,云雾苔草柄锈Puccinia caricis-nubigenae Padwick ex AZmatullah Khan,疏毛苔草柄锈Puccinia caricis pilasae Miura ex Ito &Homma,假毒麦苔草柄锈Puccinia caricis-pseudololiaceae Homma,根状柄苔草柄锈Puecinia caricis rhizopodae Miura ex Ito &Homma,桑伯格苔草柄锈Puccinia caricis-thunbergii Homma,矮丛苔草生柄锈Puccinia humilicola Haslar,矮丛苔草柄锈Puccinia humilis Haslar,线形柄锈Puccinia lineariformis Syd,藻岩山柄锈Puccinia moiwensis Miura,奥皮茨柄锈Puccinia opiZii Bubak,林比苔草柄锈Puccinia yaramesuge Homma和珍珠茅生柄锈Puccinia scleriicola Arth..每个种均有形态描述并附图,有些种作了简要讨论,对过去的错误鉴定也作了订正.对苔草上的种还附有检索表.由于缺乏标本未能研究的种仅列出文献,寄主及产地.个别仅知春孢阶段的种作为暂定种列在附录中.本文所引证的标本均保藏在中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室.     

青藏高原东缘的锈菌资料Ⅶ.蓼科植物上柄锈菌属的新记载

本文报告了蓼科植物上的柄锈菌属二新种和一中国新记录种,它们是抱茎蓼PolygonumamplexicauleD．Den上的巴克利柄锈菌PucciniabarchaiS．Ahmad、牛皮消蓼Fallopiacynanchoides（Hemsl.）Harald．上的宽乳柄锈菌PnccinialatimammaJ.Y.Zhuang＆S．X．Weisp．Nov．以及蓝药蓼PolygonumcyanandrumDiels和细茎蓼PolygonumfilicauleWall.exMeisn．上的蓝药蓼柄锈菌Pucciniapolygoni-cyanandriJY．Zhuang＆SX.Weisp．Nov。新种有拉丁文描述。每个种都作了讨论并附有线条图。标本保藏在中国科学院菌物标本馆（HMAS）。     

中国假尾孢属的研究V

本文报导中国假尾孢属的30个种,其中有2个新种:透骨草假尾孢(Pseudocercospora phrymae),槐假尾孢(P. sophorae), 6个新组合:无花果假尾孢(P. fici),爵床假尾孢(P. justiciae),木犀生假尾孢(P. osmanthicola),海桐花假尾孢(P. pittospori),色柱假尾孢(P. polygonorum),花椒假尾孢(P. xanthoxyli)和5个中国新记录。文中对新种和新组合进行了描述并绘图,其他种作了简要描述或讨论。研究的标本保存在中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室(HMAS)。     

中国东部暖温带地区土壤中的皮司霉属（丝孢纲）真菌

报道从中国东部暖温带地区诸省（市）土壤中分离到的皮司霉属 Pithomyces 真菌的两个新种：长棒孢皮司霉 Pithomyces longiclavisporus和淡色皮司霉Pithomyces pallidus,及两个中国新记录种：卡罗皮司霉 Pithomyces karoo和帕夫皮司霉Pithomyces pavgii;对另外三个已知种亦作了分离地点和生境的引证。研究过的标本（干制培养物）与活菌种保存在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室（HSAUP）。     

Permophricodothyris Pavlova, 1965 (Brachiopoda, Spiriferida) from the Permian of South China: its morphology, biostratigraphy and distribution

A study of both silicified and nonsilicified specimens of Permian reticularioid brachiopods from South China suggests thatPermophricodothyris, a genus previously rarely reported from China, is actually very common and abundant in the Middle and especially Upper Permian of South China. This study also clarifies, for the first time, that many of the reticularioid brachiopod species previously described asSquamularia in fact belong toPermophricodothyris. The new data presented in this paper also allows a critical evaluation ofPermophricodothyris in relation to its closest allies:Phricodothyris, Squamularia, Bullarina andNeophricodothyris. The revision reveals that a total of 18Permophricodothyris species are present in the Middle and Upper Permian of South China, with only one species,P. squamularioides, having survived the Permian-Triassic mass extinction. Two species,P. grandis (Chao) andP. guangxiensis Han, Zhou & Wang, are redescribed here, providing critical new information on the morphology and taxonomy of these species.     

Morphological and molecular investigations of Paramecium schewiakoffi sp. nov. (Ciliophora, Oligohymenophorea) and current status of distribution and taxonomy of Paramecium spp.

Paramecium schewiakoffi sp. nov. is described from a pond in Shanghai, China. It is a freshwater species belonging to the “aurelia” subgroup of the genus. It is of similar size and shape to P. jenningsi, but has a single large micronucleus of the “chromosomal” morphological type, while P. jenningsi has two smaller micronuclei. The general morphology, morphometric characteristics and nuclear reorganization pattern, a random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprint pattern, and the small subunit rRNA gene sequence are presented for the species. Comparison of P. schewiakoffi with the other species of Paramecium indicates that it is a valid new species of the genus. Geographical locations reported for many Paramecium species do not support the theory that all ciliates have a cosmopolitan distribution. It is proposed that, in an extension of Jankowski's earlier suggestion, the genus Paramecium should be subdivided into four subgenera: Chloroparamecium, Helianter, Cypriostomum and Paramecium, on the basis of morphometric, biological and molecular differences.     

新近从宁夏分离的腐霉

到现在为止全世界已发现loo余种腐霉。我国已报道54种。在我国31个省、市自治区中,仅宁夏和西藏2个自治区未见报道过腐霉。最近我们从宁夏回族自治区土壤和植物病根用多种方法进行分离,得到259株,鉴定出10个种。它们是:瓜果腐霉Pythium aphanidermatum (Edson) Fitzpatrick、链状腐霉P. catenulatum Matthews、畸雌腐霉P. irregulare Buisman、寡雄腐霉P. oligandrum Drechsler、侧雄腐霉P.paroecandrum Drechsler,缠器腐霉P. periplocum Drechsler、无序腐霉P. perplexum Kouyeas & Theohari、角柄腐霉P. salpingophocum DrechsIer、终极腐霉P. ultimum Trow和钟器腐霉P. vexans de Bary。它们全是宁夏地区新记录种。其中无序腐霉还是我国新记录种。本文仅描述了无序腐霉,对其余9个种进行了讨论.有些种类除从土壤中分离到以外,还见于一些寄主植物:大葱Allium fistulosum L.、韭葱A. juncea L.、芹菜Apium-graveolens L.、油菜Brassica campestris L.、雪里蒸B. juncea (L.) Czern et Coss var.crispifolia Bailey白菜B. pekinensis Rupr.、辣椒Capsicum frutescens L.、胡萝卜Daucuscarota L. var.saliva DC.、草每Fragaria ananassa Duchesne、番茄esculentum Mill.、菜豆Phaseolus vulgaris L.和萝卜Raphanus sativus L.。以“腐霉名称:寄主名称”的格式列出如后:瓜果腐霉:胡萝卜;链状腐霉:胡萝卜;寡雄腐霉:白菜和辣椒;侧雄腐霉:大葱、芹菜和白菜;缠器腐霉:韭葱;终极腐霉:大葱、韭葱、油菜、雪里蕻、白菜、辣椒、胡萝卜、草墓、番茄、菜豆和萝卜。在我国,这些腐霉从前述寄主上分离出均属首次报道。     

中国金黄衣属地衣的修订

在形态和化学研究的基础上,对中国金黄衣属地衣进行了分类订正。将《中国地衣综览》中微孢衣属的3个种——黄微孢衣、枝瓣微孢衣和戈壁微孢衣正式归入金黄衣属,并分别命名为多孢金黄衣、枝瓣金黄衣和戈壁金黄衣(新拟),并增补散瓣金黄衣(新拟)。至此,中国金黄衣属包括了4个种。该文详细记述了每个种的表型特征和地理分布,并提供了分种检索表。     

Taxonomy and distribution ofPresbytis melalophos group in Sumatera,Indonesia

Taxonomy of thePresbytis melalophos group in Sumatera has been based solely on the distinction in the pelage coloration and has been a subject of controversy. In the present study, extensive field observations were undertaken. Three species, i. e.P. melalophos, P. thomasi, andP. femoralis, are recognized in Sumatera based on the cranial morphology, pelage coloration, and vocalization. Subspecies of each species are revised, a new classification is proposed, and a new subspecies,Presbytis melalophos bicolor, is described. A detailed distribution map of species and subspecies is presented. No sympatry occurs between the species. Finally, a cladistic analysis is presented for the three species, based on the cranial characters; the branching sequence is first between theP. melalophos clade and theP. femoralis- P. thomasi clade and second between theP. femoralis clade and theP. thomasi clade.     

中国黑粉菌属和利罗黑粉菌属

黑粉菌属是Roussel 1806年建立的,全世界记载有三百余种,主要寄生于禾本科,是经济作物及牧草的重要致病菌·长期以来,对黑粉菌的邢子使用过各种名称,如厚垣孢子,冬孢子及黑粉孢子等.本文采用黑粉孢子以区别锈菌的冬孢子. 芳’(1979)在《中国真菌总汇》中列出黑粉菌属五十种及一个变型.作者经过显微结构和超显微结构的研究,承认其中二十九种为正确名称,八种及一变型为异名,顶黑粉菌(Ustilago acrearus Berk.)由于错拼而被废弃.埃地黑粉菌(Ustilago emodensis Berk.)被转移至利罗粉菌属(Liroa).另有十一种黑粉菌因缺少标本留待今后订正.自1979年以后,杨信东(1983)增加黑粉菌属二种我国新纪录,K.范基和郭林(1986)描述一新种,四种新纪录.在本文中,作者描述一新种:鸢尾蒜黑粉(Ustilago ixiolirii Guo L) ,孢子堆生在蒴果内,不开裂,黑色,粉末状.黑粉孢子球形,近球形,稀椭圆形, 12.5-21×10-21μm,黑褐色,壁厚1-1.Sμm,纹饰脑状.是迄今生在石蒜科植物上唯一黑粉菌的种,其它几种黑粉菌均属条黑粉菌属.本文增加七种我国新纪录.共计四十九种,寄生于六科四十四属植物,主要是禾本科和蓼科.这仅是黑粉菌属研究的初步报告,在全国范围内大量采集黑粉菌标本后,作者相信会有更多新种和我国新纪录被发现.利罗黑粉菌属(Liroa)是从黑粉菌属(Ustaligo)分出的,此属为单种属.     

荨麻科三新种

该文描述了荨麻科三新种:(1)自中国重庆市发现的荨麻科荨麻属一新种,城口荨麻。此种与异株荨麻有亲缘关系,区别特征为此种的茎被少数刺毛,叶片多为心形,雄、雌花序均不分枝,瘦果在中央稍凹陷。(2)自中国广西发现的荨麻科赤车属一新种,来宾赤车。此种与特产云南东南部的富宁赤车相近缘,与后者的区别在于本种茎的毛开展或向上弯曲,叶片长椭圆形,基部斜楔形,雌花具3~4枚花被片,其中1~2枚较大花被片在背面顶端具一长筒状突起。(3)自缅甸北部发现的荨麻科楼梯草属一新种,克钦楼梯草。此种在体态上与骤尖楼梯草甚为相似,与后者的区别在于本种的每一茎节具正常叶和一退化叶,托叶狭披针状条形和无脉,雌总苞苞片无角状突起,雌小苞片较大,呈楔状长圆形,雌花具一小花被片,以及雌蕊具一宽倒卵球形柱头。     

A revision of the genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Podococcus</Emphasis> (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Arecaceae</Emphasis>)

Summary  A taxonomic revision of the palm genus Podococcus (Arecaceae) is presented. Two species are recognised: P. barteri, a species relatively widespread in a coastal band from Nigeria to the D. R. Congo and P. acaulis, a species previously considered conspecific to P. barteri, almost exclusively confined to Gabon. The taxonomic history, morphology, distribution and conservation status of the genus and each species are discussed