西藏锐顶天牛属一新种（鞘翅目：天牛科）

本记述锐顶天牛属一新种,即墨脱锐颚天牛Cleptometopus motuoensis sp．nov．。模式标本保存于西南农业大学植保系昆虫标本馆。     

Comparative morphology study of the male genitalia in the tribe Astathini from China (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

The male genitalia of 13 species from four genera of Astathini were described and analyzed. The result showed that five genital characters, such as shape of the apex of 8th abdominal tergaum and sternum, ratio of the length of lateral lobes to tegmen, can be used to identify genera of Astathini; six characters, such as ratio of the length of lateral lobes to tegmen, ratio of the length of roof to lateral lobes, shape of the apex of ventral plate of median lobe, can be used to identify species in Bacchisa.     

The genus Trichocnemis LeConte, 1851 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Prioninae)

The history of the genus Trichocnemis LeConte, 1851 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Prioninae) is discussed. Its taxonomic status in relation to the genera Ergates Audinet-Serville, 1832 and Callergates Lameere, 1904 is clarified. The synonymy of Macrotoma californica White, 1853, Macrotoma spiculigera White, 1853, and Trichocnemis spiculatus LeConte, 1851 is confirmed. A key to all three genera and their species is provided.     

北京的脊虎天牛属分类研究(鞘翅目:天牛科)

对分布于北京的10种脊虎天牛属甲虫开展了分类研究,恢复了北京脊虎天牛Xylotrechus pekingensis Pic,1939的地位,不再是宽带脊虎天牛Xylotrechus yanoi Gressitt,1934的异名,报道了本种在河北和陕西的新分布记录.提出双带脊虎天牛Xylotrechus bifenestratus Pic,1916是四带脊虎天牛Xylotrechus polyzonus (Fairmaire,1888)的新异名,两者的模式标本均产自北京.本文还报道了3种北京新记录种:显纹脊虎天牛X.ibex (Gebler,1825)、葡脊虎天牛X.pyrrhoderus Bates,1873和黑胸脊虎天牛X.robusticollis (Pic,1936).通过检视标本,很多新的分布信息被加入到相关的种类.最后本文提供了分布于北京的10种脊虎天牛属甲虫的分种检索表.     

Mating behavior ofPhytoecia rufiventris Gautier (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

Sexual behavior between males and females, as well as between males, is described and discussed for the cerambycid beetlePhytoecia rufiventris. The beetles' taxis toward plants taller than average height brings the sexes together from a distance. A male may mount another individual (male or female) and attempt copulation without sex discrimination. The male can discern the sex of another individual only when the terminal part of his abdomen touches the ventral surface of the fifth visible sternite of the latter. No evidence of a sex pheromone is found in this species. Within 1.5–5.5 cm the substrateborne vibrations produced by a moving individual may be the important factor which elicits males to approach a moving individual and attempt copulation. If a female is receptive when a male touches her, he can copulate with her without any courtship display. However, if the female runs away and appears unreceptive, the male will perform courtship displays. Copulation is usually terminated by males. Homosexual behavior between males is discussed.     

中国花天牛亚科一新纪录种——拉维花天牛

记述采自云南和西藏的中国花天牛亚科1新纪录种,拉维花天牛Leptura lavinia Gahan,1906。检视标本保存在广西师范大学生命科学学院昆虫标本室。     

Arhopalus ferus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae): structure and function of the female reproductive system

Abstract

Arhopalus ferus (Mulsant) female pupae and adults were dissected, and both internal and external genitalia are described. The external genitalia involve segments 8 and 9. Segment 9 and its appendages are modified into a long ovipositor which telescopes with segment 8 into segment 7 when retracted. The internal genitalia include ovaries, bursa copulatrix, spermatheca, spermathecal gland, vagina, and accessory glands. The terminology applied to coleopteran genital anatomy is critically discussed.     

Body size influences mating success of the Eucalyptus longhorned borer (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

Both sexes of adultPhoracantha semipunctata F. (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) congregate on stressedEucalyptus that are the larval hosts. In a field study, 721 adultP. semipunctata captured on host trees varied considerably in body size with the largest individuals being about twice the length of the smallest. Females that were paired with a mate were similar in size to solitary females, suggesting that the probability of a female being mated was not affected by her size. However, large males had greater success than smaller males in obtaining mates. MaleP. semipunctata rely on antennal contact to locate and identify females on the larval host. Therefore, the rate at which males search for mates is a function of the area swept by their antennae per unit time. Because of their greater antennal spread, large males were able to search for females at double the rate of the smallest males. Large males also dominated in aggressive contests for females. The superior abilities of large maleP. semipunctata in both locating and defending mates account for the influence of body size on mating success.     

Evaluation of traps of six different designs to capture pine sawyer beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

1 Sawyer beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) and metallic wood‐boring beetles (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) attack recently killed or felled trees. They are attracted to potential hosts by volatiles and possibly by visual cues. We examined traps of six different designs to determine the role of silhouette and shape in the capture of pine sawyer beetles, Monochamus L. 2 Traps with a round black cylinder, a single vane (clear or black), or cross vanes (clear or black) all mounted above a pan were compared to an open pan. Each pan contained soapy water to retain insects. 3 Traps with a black silhouette were significantly more effective in capturing male and female Monochamus scutellatus (Say) than traps with or without clear vanes. For both sexes of M. mutator LeConte, pan traps were as effective as traps with a black silhouette. Silhouette was not important for the capture of male and female M. notatus (Drury). Trap catches for the six trap types were not significantly different for male Buprestis maculativentris Say. 4 A pan trap with a black silhouette is recommended for general use in capturing wood‐boring cerambycids and buprestids.     

Fecundity determines the extinction threshold in a Canadian assemblage of longhorned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

Reproductive rate has been suggested to have a positive effect on the amount of habitat loss a species can tolerate while emigration from habitat patches has been suggested to have both positive and negative effects. Forest fragmentation has been suggested to have negative effects on forest species. We determined the extinction threshold for 12 species of saproxylic (dead wood dependent) longhorned beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) using trap catch data from Ontario, Canada. We also determined the maximum egg production of each species and whether they were likely to move outside of forest patches. We found a strong negative relationship between reproductive rate and the minimum habitat amount required for species presence. This relationship is obscured if the scale of investigation is not appropriate for the study organism. As well, species caught moving outside forest habitat had lower extinction thresholds than species not caught moving outside forest but this was not significant after accounting for reproductive rate. Fragmentation did not have an effect on the minimum habitat requirements. These relationships can inform predictions of which species will be most affected by habitat loss.     

基于线粒体16S rDNA基因的天牛科部分种类分子系统学研究(鞘翅目:天牛科)

研究测定了天牛科3亚科9种昆虫线粒体16S rDNA基因约500bp的序列,对序列的碱基组成和遗传距离进行分析。并基于16S rDNA基因序列数据,采用邻接法(NJ)和最大简约法(MP)分析天牛科3亚科分子系统发育关系。研究结果表明,2种方法得到的分子系统树其分支结果一致,可将内群分为2个分支,第1个分支包括沟胫天牛亚科和天牛亚科;第2个分支包括花天牛亚科。16SrDNA基因对天牛科亚科间系统发育的研究是有价值的。     

The chromosomes of Lepturinae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) II. A study of eight more species,with focus on Desmocerus palliatus

Following the study of 28 species of Lepturinae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) the karyotypes of seven additional Palaearctic and one Nearctic species are established. The 19,X male karyotypes found in genera Stictoleptura (four species), Vadonia and Judolia (one species each) confirm the loss of Y chromosome in Lepturini. The 22,XY male karyotype of Cortodera humeralis is very close to that of some species of Rhagiini (genera Gaurotes, Acmaeops, Dinoptera, all 22,XY) and Grammoptera ruficornis (24,XY) recently reported. We propose that these taxa could form a monophyletic group within Rhagiini. The karyotype of the Nearctic species Desmocerus palliates (23,neoXneoXneoY) is quite different and characterized by the presence of many acrocentric chromosomes and a complex autosome–gonosome translocation. Its particular karyotype is compatible with its present classification within a separate tribe, the Desmocerini.     

中国异胸天牛属一新记录种记述(鞘翅目:天牛科:锯天牛亚科)(英文)

记述了中国异胸天牛属1新记录种,即艾略特异胸天牛Anomophysis ellioti(Waterhouse,1884),标本采自云南省玉溪市。检视标本保存于长江大学农学院昆虫标本室。     

Resource distribution and its effect on the mating system of a longhorned beetle,Perarthrus linsleyi (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

Summary Adults of Perarthrus linsleyi feed on flowers of creosote bush, Larrea tridentata. Mating also occurs on the flowers and foliage of this plant. This food resource is widely and evenly distributed in space, and is usually abundant. The spatial distribution of the beetles bore no relationship to the spatial distribution of flowers among creosote bushes, nor were female beetles distributed predictably with respect to flower distribution. Males moved widely over the area under study, and moved much more frequently than females. Males actively searched for females, and mounted and began copulation attempts without preliminary courtship. Males did not engage in aggressive defense of females, creosote flowers, or creosote bushes. This species exhibits a scramble competition mating system. The spatial distribution of the food resource is a primary factor in the evolution of the mating system of Perarthrus linsleyi.     

Phylogeny and distribution of the phoracanthine genus Atesta (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from Australia

The phylogeny of the phoracanthine genus Atesta (thirty-four species) is analysed using cladistic methods. The monophyly of Atesta is confirmed. Three major monophyletic species groups are recognized: (1) the thorntoni -group including twelve species: A.thorntoni, A.balteata, A.latifasciata, A.mediana, A.patula, A.newi, A.angasi, A.bifasciata, A.besti, A.ciliata, A.paratasmanica and A.tasmanica ; (2) the sisyrioides -group consisting of seventeen species: A.ibidionoides, A.carteri, A.longoelytrata, A.pubescens, A.stigmosa, A.sita, A.vittata, A.sparsa, A.minuta, A.tropicalis, A.unifasciata, A.sisyrioides, A.nigrihumerus, A.apicalis, A.brittoni, A.antennalis and A.brooksi , and (3) the houstoni -group containing five species: A.mapida, A.houstoni, A.tripartita, A.dixoni and A.centroaustralica. The distribution patterns of Atesta are described and discussed. Five distinct areas of endemism are found for Atesta: the Torresian, Timorian, Kosciuskan, Western and Eyrean Subregions. The Torresian Subregion has nine species, three of which are endemic to the subregion; the Timorian has four species, two of which are endemic; the Kosciuskan has twenty-three species, sixteen of which are endemic, the Western has five species, four of which are endemic, and the Eyrean has three species, one of which is endemic. Two kinds of distribution patterns for Atesta are identified: the wet adapted (peripherial), including the thorntoni -group and sisyrioides -group, and the wide-adapted, consisting of the houstoni -group. The thorntoni -group is typically a southern Australian species group, distributed in south-eastern and south-western Australian continent and Tasmania. The sisyrioides -group is mainly distributed in southeastern, eastern and northern Australian continent and Tasmania. The distribution of the houstoni -group includes central and peripherial Australian continent.     

A taxonomic study on the genus Harpapion Voss, 1966 from China (Coleoptera,Apionidae)

Harpapion safranum sp. n. and Harpapion borisi sp. n. are described and figured. Harpapion vietnamense (Korotyaev, 1987) is recorded as new for China. The genitalia andterminalia of H. considerandum, H. coelebs andH. vietnamense are redescribed and redrawn. The diagnostic characters of Harpapion are defined. A key to the known species of the genus Harpapion from China is provided. Affinities with the genus Flavopodapion Korotyaev, 1987 are discussed.     

A new species of the genus Micropeplus Latreille(Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Micropeplinae) from China

A new species of the genus Micropeplus Latreille is described under the name of M. songi sp. nov. Color photos of habitus, head, pronotum, elytra, wing, metasternum, the 3rd to 7th tergites of abdomen, the 8th sternite, and aedeagus are provided. This species was found on fungi from Mt. Wahui in Jiulong County, Sichuan, China.     

Midgut proteinase activities in larvae of Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) and their interaction with proteinase inhibitors

The major proteinase activities in the larval midgut of a common poplar tree borer, Anoplophora glabripennis, were characterised. Overall digestive capacity, as measured by casein hydrolysis, showed a pH optimum between 10 and 11.5, suggestive of serine endopeptidase activity. Trypsin, chymotrypsin, and chymotrypsin-like activities were detected using specific p-nitroanilide synthetic substrates and by use of specific serine endopeptidase inhibitors. These activities also showed pH optima in the extreme alkaline range. The absence of cysteine, aspartic, and metallo-endopeptidases were confirmed using class specific proteinase inhibitors. The dominant exopeptidase in the midgut is leucine aminopeptidase with a pH optimum of 7–9. Carboxypeptidase a and b activity were barely detectable. A large range of serine endopeptidase inhibitors were screened and were found to vary widely in their ability to inhibit casein hydrolysis. Potato proteinase inhibitor 1 (a chymotrypsin inhibitor) and wheat-germ trypsin inhibitor 1 inhibited particularly effectively in tandem and represent possible candidates for gene transformation to produce plants tolerant to this pest. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

The mating chances of small males of the cerambycid beetleTrachyderes mandibularis differ in different environments (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)

Some males of the cerambycid beetle Trachyderes (Dendrobias) mandibularisgained access to mates by defending a patchily distributed food resource, the fruits of saguaro cactus (Cereus giganteus).Male beetles differed greatly in fighting ability because of extreme variation in body size and a striking dimorphism in mandibular weaponry. As is typical in resource defense mating systems, larger males had an advantage in combat. Major males with their large pincer jaws invariably defeated minor males with small cutting jaws, and larger majors usually defeated smaller majors. However, although minor males were at a competitive disadvantage on saguaro fruits, they did not suffer a great penalty in terms of mating probability. In contrast, minor males have a considerably lower probability of mating at desert broom (Baccharis sarothroides)where sap ooze sites are few in number and effectively monopolized by major males (Goldsmith, S. K., Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.20,111–115, 1987). On saguaros, minor males successfully obtained mates through scramble competition while avoiding direct physical competition with larger, territorial major males. Smaller males of either morph may have succeeded in acquiring mates in part because there were many more ripe saguaro fruits than beetles, which made it impossible for larger major males to monopolize females effectively under these conditions.