Surface lipids of wheat stripe rust uredospores, Puccinia striiformis, compared to those of the host

A surface lipid extract was made of uredospores of wheat stripe rust, Puccinis striiformis. The major components of the extract are β-diketones, n-alcohols and hydrocarbons. The surface lipid extract of the host wheat has a composition that is qualitatively similar, if not the same, in the major components. Even though there are quantitative differences in the two extracts, it appears that at least the three major components appear on the uredospore surface as a result of the host-parasite relationship.     

Factor analysis of rat behavior in the open-field test

Method of major components, a variety of factor analysis, was used for evaluation of rats behaviour motivational structure in the open field test. 40 outbred rats of Wistar line (20 males and females) were examined in which 22 behaviour characteristics were studied. It was shown that a greater part (60%) of rats individual behaviour variability in the open field test was determined by the action of three major components (factors), which were defined as "investigation", "fear" and "shifted activity". Factor structure was studied of main characteristics of behaviour, recorded in the open field test. The use of factor analysis allowed to carry out animals classification on the basis of their disposition in coordinates of the obtained major components.     

Protein components of two different regions of an intestinal epithelial cell membrane: Regional singularities

The two different regions of the plasma membrane, i.e. apical and basolateral membranes, of intestinal epithelial cells were analyzed as to their proten components. They showed very contrasting profiles on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The apical membranes possessed several major components with apparent molecular weights larger than 108 000, most of which were also periodic acid-Schiff reagent positive. In contrast, there were no protein components with corresponding molecular weights in the basolateral membrane. The electrophoretic profile of the latter was strinkingly simple. The dominant band was assigned a molecular weight of 101 000 and was periodic acid-Schiff reagent negative. No major components were shared by the two membranes.     

Preparation and characterization of specific antisera to individual glycoprotein antigens comprising the major glycoprotein region of herpes simplex virus type 1.

The major glycoprotein complex (VP123) of herpes simplex virus type 1 resolved by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was purified and further fractionated into two major and two minor components by chromatography of the isolated VP123 region on SDS-hydroxylapatite columns. The two major components (gC and gA/gB) were purified free of other polypeptides and used to prepare specific antisera to these glycoproteins. Radioimmune precipitation demonstrated that these antisera were specific for the antigens used in their production. These two antisera as well as an anti-VP123 serum were further characterized by immunoprecipitation, neutralization, and membrane immunofluorescence techniques. Results indicate that both of the major glycoprotein antigens are expressed on the surface of virions as well as on the surface of infected cells.     

Structural Proteins of Simian Virus 40

Sodium dodecyl sulfate acrylamide gel electrophoresis of the solubilized proteins from purified simian virus 40 (SV40) virions revealed two major and two minor structural polypeptide components. The major components which comprise over 75% of the total virion were shown to be the capsid proteins by immunological and isoelectric focusing fractionation analysis. These two polypeptides have estimated molecular weights of 45,000 daltons as determined by gel electrophoresis. One of the two minor components was identified as the nucleocapsid protein and has an approximate molecular weight of 16,000. The other unidentified minor component has an average molecular weight of 29,000.     

Comparison of cytoplasmic informosome proteins with RNA-binding proteins and translation initiation factors from rabbit reticulocytes.

Using one-and two-dimensional electrophoresis, the free and polyribosomal informosome proteins and a preparation of total RNA-binding proteins from rabbit reticulocytes were compared. It was shown that the major proteins of free and polyribosomal informosomes are similar only to the minor components of RNA-binding proteins. On the other hand, the major RNA-binding proteins, two of which are elongation translation factors EF-1L and EF2, can be present in informosome preparations only as minor components. The major proteins of polyribosomal informosomes do not coincide in terms of electrophoretic mobility with initiation factors eIF-2, eIF-2A, eIF-3, eIF-4A and eIF-4B. The major proteins of free informosomes differ in their electrophoretic mobility from initiation factors eIF-2A, eIF-4A and eIF-4B as well as from the alpha- and beta-subunits of initiation factor eIF-2.     

不同石斛兰香气成分的GC-MS分析

利用GC/MS技术分析了四种石斛兰Dendrobium Nora Tokunaga、Dendrobium Green Lantern、Dendrobium Spider Lily和Dendrobium Little Green Apples花朵的香气成分.结果表明,四种石斛兰香气成分的种类和含量存在明显差异,其中Den...     

大花蕙兰鲜花香气成分的研究

利用气相色谱-质谱（GC/MS）分析技术对浙江栽培的大花蕙兰品种‘绿翡翠’（Cymbidium Hybrids）和‘台北小姐’（C.Miss Taipei）的鲜花进行了香气成分和含量的测定。结果表明：两种大花蕙兰香气成分的组成和含量存在明显差异,‘绿翡翠’的香气组成成分有43种,相对含量为97.13%,而‘台北小姐’有74种,相对含量为73.76%。两种大花蕙兰含有极少相同的化合物成分,相同成分4-甲基苯酚均为2个品种香气组分中含量最高的化合物,它与丙基环丙烷的总相对含量为53.97%,构成‘绿翡翠’的主要香气成分;与2-乙基丁醛和正己烷等23种化合物的总相对含量为55.15%,共同构成‘台北小姐’的主要香气成分。     

Cuticular hydrocarbons of the sunflower beetle,Zygogramma exclamationis

Hydrocarbons were the major lipid class on the cuticular surface of adults, nymphs, and eggs of the sunflower beetle, Zygogramma exclamationis, characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Minor amounts of wax ester from 40 to 48 carbon atoms in size were only detected in larvae. The hydrocarbons ranged in size from 23 carbons (tricosene) to 56 carbons (trimethyltripentacontane) and were largely methylalkanes. The major components from females were 13,17,21-trimethylnonatriacontane (19%) and from larvae was n-nonacosane (17%). Males had 11,15- and 9,15-dimethylheptacosane (11%) and 13,17,21-trimethylnonatriacontane (11%) as the major components. In a sample of eggs, 13,17,21-nonatriacontane (16%) was the major component which was approximately 3 to 4-fold greater than the next most abundant hydrocarbons, dimethylheptacosanes, 2-methyloctacosane, methylnonacosanes, dimethyl- and trimethylheptatriacontanes and dimethylnonatriacontanes.     

花生种子贮藏蛋白的氨基酸组成分析及发育过程中17.5 kDa多肽的合成规律

分析了两种不同蛋白质组成类型花生的子叶总蛋白３个主要组分及高甲硫氨酸类型花生的６０．５、４１、３８．５、１８和１７．５ｋＤａ多肽的氨基酸组成,结果表明它们均含有１７种氨基酸,其中天冬氨酸、谷氨酸和精氨酸含量最高,而甲硫氨酸含量和半胱氨酸水平都极低。高甲硫氨酸类型品种的各组分的甲硫氨酸含量均显著高于低甲硫氨酸类型品种的对应组分的甲硫氨酸含量,在这两种类型花生中伴花生球蛋白Ⅱ都是甲硫氨酸含量最高的组分     

Gas chromatographic determination of eugenol in ethanol extract of cloves

An ethanolic extract of cloves was analyzed by gas chromatography directly to identify eugenol and other major phenolic compounds without previous separation of other components. Separation was performed on a fused-silica capillary column of 30 mx0.53 mm I.D., 0.53 μm film thickness. The detector was a flame ionization detector. Helium gas at a flow-rate of 3 ml/min was used as a carrier gas. The analysis were performed with linear temperature programming. Nine components were detected and special attention was given to the major phenolic compound, eugenol.     

液相色谱-串联质谱分析化学合成多肽及其主要副产物(英文)

用与反相高效液相色谱偶联的串联质谱 (RPHPLC MS MS)分析一个固相化学合成的九肽H2 N Tyr Val Asn Val Asn Met Gly Leu Lys CONH2 及其 2个主要的副产物 .根据Fmoc化学 ,在Fmoc PAL PEG·PS树脂上从C端至N端手工操作逐步偶联合成九肽 .偶联完成后 ,用试剂R(90 %TFA ,5 %苯甲硫醚 ,3%二巯基乙烷 ,2 %苯甲醚 )室温 (2 0～ 2 5℃ )处理 2 5h ,进行多肽的去保护和切除树脂 .RP HPLC分析结果表明 ,合成粗品中含有 1个主要成分、2个次要成分及多个微量成分 .用RPHPLC MS MS分别对主要成分和 2个次要成分进行了鉴定 .结果证明 ,主要成分即为目标九肽 ;先于目标肽洗脱的副产物分子量比目标肽的分子量多 16 .MS MS证明 ,该副产物包括 2种九肽衍生物 :1种为其Tyr1氧化生成 ,另 1种为Met6氧化生成 ;后于目标肽洗脱的副产物为九肽的Tyr1残基增加 12所致 ,这种现象尚未见报道 .对副产物形成的可能机制进行了讨论     

Antifungal Activity of the Essential Oil of Basil (Ocimum basilicum)

The antifungal and fungicidal effects of two chemotypes of basil (Ocimum basilicum) oil and its major individual components were studied in a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments. Mycelial growth of the plant pathogenic fungus Botrytis fabae was reduced significantly by both the methyl chavicol chemotype oil and the linalol chemotype oil, and the major individual components of the oils all reduced fungal growth, with methyl chavicol, linalol, eugenol and eucalyptol reducing growth significantly. Combining the pure oil components in the same proportions as found in the whole oil led to very similar reductions in fungal growth, suggesting that the antifungal effects of the whole oils were due primarily to the major components. When the fungus was exposed to the oils in liquid culture, growth was reduced by concentrations considerably smaller than those used in the Petri dish studies. Botrytis fabae and the rust fungus Uromyces fabae were also controlled in vivo, with the whole oils of both chemotypes, as well as pure methyl chavicol and linalol, reducing infection of broad bean leaves significantly. Most effective control of fungal infection was achieved if the treatments were applied 3 h postinoculation.     

Binding of retinol-binding protein obtained from human urine with vitamin A derivatives and terpenoids.

Retinol-binding protein(RBP) was purified from fresh urine of patients suffering from Itai-Itai disease. The purified preparation contained two types of apo-RBP(Apo I and II) in equal amounts as major components (about 85% of the total RBP). The corresponding two retinol-binding forms (Holo I and II) were present as minor components (about 15% of the total)...     

Characterization of glucosylceramides in leaves of the grass family (Poaceae): Pooideae has unsaturated hydroxy fatty acids

The glucosylceramide components were characterized in the 33 species of the grass family (Poaceae). Pooideae contained 4-hydroxy-8-sphingenines [i.e., t18:1(8Z) plus t18:1(8E)] as major components, the relative levels of t18:1(8Z) being higher than those of the 8-E isomers. 2-Hydroxy arachidic acid was a major component in all species other than Pooideae, whereas Pooideae had a high content of 2-hydroxytetracosenoic acid.     

河南栽培罗勒和丁香罗勒的香气成分差异分析

目的:分析河南栽培罗勒(Ocimum basilicum L.)和丁香罗勒(Ocimum gratissimum L.)成龄叶香气成分的差异。方法:于2015年7月在云南师范大学呈贡校区随机采取长势健壮、无病虫害的河南栽培罗勒和丁香罗勒的成龄叶(自下而上第5、6片叶),采用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)进行检测;根据峰面积归一化法测定各个组分的相对百分含量。结果:河南栽培罗勒中检出24种香气物质,丁香罗勒中有26种。其中,1,3-二甲氧基苯、石竹烯、乙苯等是2种罗勒共有的主要香气成分。香叶醛、β-蒎烯、薄荷二烯是河南罗勒的主要特有香味成分;蒿脑、桉树脑及异龙脑是丁香罗勒的特有成分。结论:河南栽培罗勒和丁香罗勒种的叶片中香气成分的种类和含量存在明显差异。     

Chemotaxonomic studies on rhizome extract compositions of twenty Curcuma species from South India

The chemical composition of volatile methanolic rhizome extracts of twenty Curcuma species was studied and the components were identified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. The major components identified in the majority of the species were beta-caryophyllene epoxide, camphor, retinal and alloaromadendrene oxide. Based on the presence of major chemical components, cluster analysis was performed for all the Curcuma species studied. All the twenty species were grouped based on the presence or absence of a particular compound and a dendrogram was constructed, which grouped the 20 species into eight clusters. By conventional morphological methods, the identification of Curcuma up to species level is difficult; hence the chemical composition of the rhizome methanolic extracts can be used as an important tool for species identification and chemotaxonomic study.     

Structural determination of oligosaccharides derived from lipooligosaccharide of Neisseria gonorrhoeae F62 by chemical, enzymatic, and two-dimensional NMR methods

F62 LOS of Neisseria gonorrhoeae consists of two major LOS components; the higher and smaller molecular weight (MW) components were recognized by MAbs 1-1-M and 3F11 respectively. Base-line separation of the two major oligosaccharide (OS) components from F62 LOS was achieved by Bio-Gel P-4 chromatography after dephosphorylation of the OS mixture. The structures of the two major OSs were studied by chemical, enzymatic, and 2D NMR methods [double quantum filtered COSY (DQF-COSY), delayed COSY (D-COSY), homonuclear Hartmann-Hahn spectroscopy (HOHAHA), pure-absorption 2D NOE NMR] as well as methylation followed by GC/MS analysis. The OS component derived from the MAb 1-1-M defined LOS component was determined to have a V3-(beta-N-acetylgalactosaminyl)neolactotetraose structure (GalNAc is beta 1----3-linked to a neolactotetraose) at one of its nonreducing termini as shown below. The above pentaose is linked to a branched diheptose-KDO core in which a GlcNAc is alpha-linked. The OS component derived from the MAb 3F11 defined LOS component did not have a GalNAc residue. The rest of its structure was identical to that of the OS-1, and a neolactotetraose is exposed at its nonreducing terminus. [formula: see text]     

Spatial uptake of dissolved organic carbon in river beds

The uptake of dissolved organic carbon by three stream bed components; surface stones, underlying gravel and organic floc was measured in three rivers in North Wales, U.K. Overall, surface stones and underlying gravel appeared to be the major sites of uptake but the relative importance of these two components varied both temporally and spatially. Organic floc was found to be relatively unimportant as a site of dissolved organic carbon uptake.