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Presence of Anti-Microbial Antibodies in Liver Cirrhosis – A Tell-Tale Sign of Compromised Immunity?
Papp M Norman GL Vitalis Z Tornai I Altorjay I Foldi I Udvardy M Shums Z Dinya T Orosz P Lombay B Par G Par A Veres G Csak T Osztovits J Szalay F Lakatos PL 《PloS one》2010,5(9):e12957
Background
Bacterial translocation plays important role in the complications of liver cirrhosis. Antibody formation against various microbial antigens is common in Crohn''s disease and considered to be caused by sustained exposure to gut microflora constituents. We hypothesized that anti-microbial antibodies are present in patients with liver cirrhosis and may be associated with the development of bacterial infections.Methodology/Principal Findings
Sera of 676 patients with various chronic liver diseases (autoimmune diseases:266, viral hepatitis C:124, and liver cirrhosis of different etiology:286) and 100 controls were assayed for antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae(ASCA) and to antigens derived from two intestinal bacterial isolates (one gram positive, one gram negative, neither is Escherichia coli). In patients with liver cirrhosis, we also prospectively recorded the development of severe episodes of bacterial infection. ASCA and anti-OMP Plus™ antibodies were present in 38.5% and 62.6% of patients with cirrhosis and in 16% and 20% of controls, respectively (p<0.001). Occurrence of these antibodies was more frequent in cases of advanced cirrhosis (according to Child-Pugh and MELD score; p<0.001) or in the presence of ascites (p<0.001). During the median follow-up of 425 days, 81 patients (28.3%) presented with severe bacterial infections. Anti-microbial antibody titers (p = 0.003), as well as multiple seroreactivity (p = 0.036), was associated with infectious events. In logistic regression analysis, the presence of ascites (OR:1.62, 95%CI:1.16–2.25), co-morbidities (OR:2.22, 95%CI:1.27–3.86), and ASCA positivity (OR:1.59, 95%CI:1.07–2.36) were independent risk factors for severe infections. A shorter time period until the first infection was associated with the presence of ASCA (p = 0.03) and multiple seropositivity (p = 0.037) by Kaplan-Meier analysis, and with Child-Pugh stage (p = 0.018, OR:1.85) and co-morbidities (p<0.001, OR:2.02) by Cox-regression analysis.Conclusions/Significance
The present study suggests that systemic reactivity to microbial components reflects compromised mucosal immunity in patients with liver cirrhosis, further supporting the possible role of bacterial translocation in the formation of anti-microbial antibodies. 相似文献3.
Filomena Morisco Eugenio Aprea Vincenzo Lembo Vincenzo Fogliano Paola Vitaglione Giovanna Mazzone Luca Cappellin Flavia Gasperi Stefania Masone Giovanni Domenico De Palma Riccardo Marmo Nicola Caporaso Franco Biasioli 《PloS one》2013,8(4)
The aim of the present work was to test the potential of Proton Transfer Reaction Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (PTR-ToF-MS) in the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and the assessment of disease severity by direct analysis of exhaled breath. Twenty-six volunteers have been enrolled in this study: 12 patients (M/F 8/4, mean age 70.5 years, min-max 42–80 years) with liver cirrhosis of different etiologies and at different severity of disease and 14 healthy subjects (M/F 5/9, mean age 52.3 years, min-max 35–77 years). Real time breath analysis was performed on fasting subjects using a buffered end-tidal on-line sampler directly coupled to a PTR-ToF-MS. Twelve volatile organic compounds (VOCs) resulted significantly differently in cirrhotic patients (CP) compared to healthy controls (CTRL): four ketones (2-butanone, 2- or 3- pentanone, C8-ketone, C9-ketone), two terpenes (monoterpene, monoterpene related), four sulphur or nitrogen compounds (sulfoxide-compound, S-compound, NS-compound, N-compound) and two alcohols (heptadienol, methanol). Seven VOCs (2-butanone, C8-ketone, a monoterpene, 2,4-heptadienol and three compounds containing N, S or NS) resulted significantly differently in compensate cirrhotic patients (Child-Pugh A; CP-A) and decompensated cirrhotic subjects (Child-Pugh B+C; CP-B+C). ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) analysis was performed considering three contrast groups: CP vs CTRL, CP-A vs CTRL and CP-A vs CP-B+C. In these comparisons monoterpene and N-compound showed the best diagnostic performance.
Conclusions
Breath analysis by PTR-ToF-MS was able to distinguish cirrhotic patients from healthy subjects and to discriminate those with well compensated liver disease from those at more advanced severity stage. A breath-print of liver cirrhosis was assessed for the first time. 相似文献4.
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Salvatore Petta Fabio Salvatore Macaluso Maria Rosa Barcellona Calogero Cammà Daniela Cabibi Vito Di Marco Antonio Craxì 《PloS one》2012,7(12)
Background and Aims
Serum levels of γ-glutamyl-transpeptidase(γ-GT) were associated with liver disease severity and metabolic alterations, which in turn are able to affect hepatic damage. In patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C (G1CHC) and chronic hepatitis B (CHB), we assessed the link between liver fibrosis and γ-GT serum levels, and we evaluated if normal or high γ-GT serum levels affect the association between insulin resistance (IR) and severity of liver fibrosis.Methods
843 consecutive patients with chronic liver disease (CLD)(193 NAFLD, 481 G1CHC, 169 CHB) were evaluated by liver biopsy (Kleiner and Scheuer scores) and clinical and metabolic measurements. IR was diagnosed if HOMA>3. A serum γ-GT concentration of >36 IU/L in females and >61 IU/L in males was considered the threshold value for identifying high levels of γ-GT.Results
By multivariate logistic regression analysis, abnormal γ-GT serum levels were independently linked to severe liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD (OR2.711,CI1.120–6.564,p = 0.02), G1CHC (OR3.461,CI2.138–5.603,p<0.001) and CHB (OR2.778,CI1.042–7.414,p = 0.04), together with IR and liver necroinflammation, and with a negative predictive value>80%. Interestingly, among patients with high or normal γ-GT values, even if IR prevalence was significantly higher in patients with severe fibrosis compared to those without, IR remained significantly associated with severe fibrosis in patients with abnormal γ-GT values only (OR4.150,CI1.079–15.970,p = 0.03 for NAFLD; OR2.250,CI1.211–4.181,p = 0.01 for G1CHC; OR3.096,CI2.050–34.220,p = 0.01 for CHB).Conclusions
In patients with CLD, IR is independently linked to liver fibrosis only in patients with abnormal γ-GT values, without differences according to liver disease etiology, and suggesting a role of γ-GT as a marker of metabolic-induced liver damage. These data could be useful for the clinical and pharmacologic management of patients with CLD. 相似文献11.
Sixty-three patients with liver disease were studied for the presence of the components of Sjögren''s syndrome. The “sicca complex” (that is, patients without arthritis) was detected in 42% of patients with active chronic hepatitis, 72% with primary biliary cirrhosis, and 38% with cryptogenic cirrhosis. One patient with active chronic hepatitis and one with primary biliary cirrhosis had rheumatoid arthritis. No evidence of Sjögren''s syndrome was detected in seven patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. It is suggested that the sicca complex and autoimmune liver disease may be part of a systemic disorder in which immunological mechanisms are concerned in the pathogenesis. 相似文献
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《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1998,249(2):304-306
Rat liver plectin was found to be mainly associated with plasma membrane fractions enriched in junctional complexes. The membrane-associated plectin has been partially isolated. Plectin co-purifies with a 200 kDa polypeptide which, on the basis of sequence homology, has been identified as a myosin like-protein. The interaction of μ-calpain with liver plectin has been investigated. Plectin is very sensitive to μ-calpain and is digested to give a fragment of 240 kDa. 相似文献
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Ting Tao Jinrong Peng 《遗传学报》2009,36(6):325-334
Liver is one of the largest internal organs in the body and its importance for metabolism, detoxification and homeostasis has been well established. In this review, we summarized recent progresses in studying liver initiation and development during embryogenesis using zebrafish as a model system. We mainly focused on topics related to the specification of hepatoblasts from endoderm, the formation and growth of liver bud, the differentiation of hepatocytes and bile duct cells from hepatoblasts, and finally the role of mesodermal signals in controlling liver development in zebrafish. 相似文献
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PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The liver X receptors (alpha and beta) are oxysterol-activated nuclear receptors. A large number of liver X receptor target genes with functions in lipid homeostasis have been identified. Increasing evidence indicates that these receptors play a beneficial role in avoiding cholesterol overload by intervening at several steps of cholesterol metabolism. In this review, we describe the most recent developments concerning their functions in cholesterol and lipid metabolism and their impact in atherogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS: Although potentially undesirable effects of liver X receptor activation on triglyceride metabolism have been observed, recent in-vivo studies confirm that the overall trend is a reduction of atherogenesis. SUMMARY: Consequently, liver X receptors are becoming therapeutic targets of great interest for the treatment of atherosclerosis, especially if their action on triglyceride and cholesterol metabolism can be dissociated and isoform-specific ligands identified. 相似文献
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Erkki Ruoslahti Mikko Salaspuro Helena Pihko Leif Andersson Markku Sepp?l? 《BMJ (Clinical research ed.)》1974,2(5918):527-529
Raised serum α-fetoprotein levels measured by radioimmunoassay were found in 19 out of 24 (79%) patients with primary liver cancer and in 32 out of 311 (10%) patients with other liver diseases. The rise was transient in cases of hepatitis and a transient rise was also seen after alcohol intake ceased in two patients with cirrhosis. α-Fetoprotein levels exceeding 500 ng/ml were 30-50 times more common in primary liver cancer than in other liver diseases. A rise in level seems to reflect the extent of liver regeneration in liver diseases other than primary cancer. 相似文献
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Tiziana Comito Elena Clerici Angelo Tozzi Giuseppe D’Agostino 《Reports of Practical Oncology and Radiotherapy》2015,20(6):464-471
BackgroundThe outstanding innovations made by early diagnosis, novel surgical techniques, effective chemotherapy regimens and conformal radiotherapy, have significantly improved patients overall survival and quality of life. Multidisciplinary approach to cancer has also led to an increased prevalence of patients with few, organ-confined metastases, who can experience long-term survival even if their disease is no longer localized. Liver is one of the most common site for metastatic disease from several cancers, and when metastatic disease is confined to liver, given the ability of this organ to regenerate almost to its optimal volume, surgical resection represents the standard of care because is associated with a better prognosis. Approximately 70–90% of liver metastases, however, are unresectable and a safe, effective alternative therapeutic option is necessary for these patients.Materials and methodsA review of the current literature was performed to analyze the role of SBRT in treating liver metastases from different cancers. A literature search using the terms “SBRT” and “liver metastases” was carried out in PUBMED.ResultsStereotactic body radiation therapy has shown to provide promising results in the treatment of liver metastases, thanks to the ability of this procedure to deliver a conformal high dose of radiation to the target lesion and a minimal dose to surrounding critical tissues.ConclusionStereotactic body radiation therapy is a non-invasive, well-tolerated and effective treatment for patients with liver metastases not suitable for surgical resection. 相似文献
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