结核分枝杆菌Rv0859基因的克隆、表达、纯化及蛋白的亚细胞定位

本研究体外克隆了结核分枝杆菌Rv0859基因, 融合表达并纯化了Rv0859蛋白。首先提取H37Rv标准菌株中的基因组DNA, 设计Rv0859基因两端的引物, 以H37Rv基因组DNA为模板通过PCR方法扩增Rv0859基因。用Hind III和BamHⅠ两种限制性内切酶双切Rv0859基因, T4连接酶连接到pET30载体上, 再转入大肠杆菌JF1125中, 经过筛选鉴定后抽提质粒测序, 得到重组正确载体, 转化到表达宿主大肠杆菌BL21中。用IPTG进行诱导表达, 通过聚丙酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)及质谱鉴定重组表达蛋白。0.05 mol/L浓度的IPTG 37°C诱导4 h重组蛋白的表达量最高。制备重组蛋白的多克隆抗体, 通过亚细胞分离及Western-blotting分析蛋白的亚细胞定位。结果成功地构建原核表达载体pET30a-Rv0859, 并获得47845 D左右的大量表达的Rv0859蛋白, Western-blotting结果表明Rv0859蛋白主要定位于细胞膜中, 微量存在于细胞壁中, 为进一步的Rv0859蛋白功能研究奠定了一定的基础。     

结核分枝杆菌Rv1168c蛋白的基因表达、纯化及结构分析

【目的】应用原核表达体系对结核分枝杆菌PPE蛋白家族Rv1168c进行高效表达,进一步进行蛋白纯化和结构分析。【方法】以结核分枝杆菌H37Rv基因组为模板,扩增Rv1168c基因,构建pET32a-Rv1168c重组质粒;转化重组质粒到大肠杆菌DH5α并在BL21(DE3)诱导表达,通过十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺电泳(SDS-PAGE)鉴定Rv1168c在大肠杆菌中的表达情况;Ni-NTAHis﹡Bind Resin纯化重组蛋白Rv1168c;SDS-PAGE和质谱分析测定相对分子量后,用圆二色光谱(CD)和同源模建方法分析和检测重组蛋白Rv1168c的二级和三级结构。【结果】成功克隆了971bp的目的基因Rv1168c,并获得了高纯度的重组蛋白Rv1168c。重组蛋白的分子量为51.5kDa(含载体蛋白)。25℃时重组蛋白Rv1168c的二级结构包括34.4%α螺旋,33.7%β转角,31.9%无规则卷曲,它的三维模型显示为(β/α)5结构。【结论】成功得到高纯度的重组目的Rv1168c蛋白,并初步进行了结构分析,为进一步对Rv1168c结构和功能研究奠定了基础。     

结核分枝杆菌持续感染期抗原Rv1733c 的表达、纯化和鉴定

目的:克隆结核分枝杆菌持续感染期抗原Rv1733c基因,构建其原核表达载体,并在大肠杆菌中进行表达和纯化。方法:采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)方法从结核分枝杆菌H37Rv基因组中扩增出Rv1733c基因片段,克隆入pMD18-T载体,序列测定正确后将其亚克隆入原核表达载体pPro-EXHTb,并在大肠杆菌DH5α中进行表达,表达蛋白经SDS-PAGE及Western-blot分析后,以Ni-NTA亲和层析纯化蛋白。结果:成功克隆了Rv1733c基因片段并构建了其原核表达载体pPro-EXHTb-1733c,转化E.ColiDH5α后能表达大小约30 KD的蛋白,Western-blot分析表明表达产物正确。通过亲和层析获得纯化蛋白。结论:成功构建结核分枝杆菌持续感染期抗原Rv1733c原核表达载体pPro-EXHTb-1733c,并获得纯化蛋白,为研究新型结核疫苗的靶抗原奠定了基础。     

结核分枝杆菌Rv3881c突变子的克隆及其在大肠杆菌中的高效表达

目的：融合表达结核分枝杆菌Rv3881c突变子抗原,以便与其他已知的免疫显性抗原联合使用,有效增加结核分枝杆菌感染血清学检验的敏感性和特异性。方法：将克隆的来源干结核分枝杆菌H37Rv株的Rv3881c突变体基因插入原核表达载体pET24b,并在大肠杆菌BL21中获得高效表达;由于重组的Rv3881c突变子抗原片段同C端的6xHis标签融合表达,使用Ni-柱进行快速纯化。结果：Western印迹表明,重组的Rv3881c突变子抗原同选取的6例结核病阳性临床血清标本均能发生明显的反应。结论：重组Rv3881c突变体具有较好的特异性,提示该抗原可能成为检测结核的有效抗原之一。     

结核分枝杆菌Rv3369基因的表达和纯化

在大肠杆菌中高效表达结核分枝杆菌Rv3369蛋白,获得纯化的重组蛋白rRv3369。通过聚合酶链反应(Polymerase chain reaction,PCR)扩增Rv3369基因;以质粒pET28a为表达载体,构建重组质粒,转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3);以异丙基硫代半乳糖苷(IPTG)诱导表达目的蛋白,通过SDS-PAGE鉴定rRv3369在大肠杆菌中的表达,确定rRv3369在大肠杆菌中的表达形式;采用Ni-NTA His.Bind Resin来纯化重组蛋白。重组质粒pET28a-Rv3369中目的基因测序结果与报道序列相同。分子量约19.5kDa,表达量约占菌体总蛋白的18%,纯化后的重组蛋白样品经SDS-PAGE和激光密度扫描分析表明其纯度为90%以上,每100mL培养菌可获得1.56mg左右的重组蛋白。用亲和层析法纯化的重组蛋白纯度较好。     

结核分枝杆菌Rv1009结构域基因的克隆、表达及亲和层析纯化

目的:克隆结核分枝杆菌Rv1009结构域基因,经序列测定正确后进行融合表达和纯化。方法:采用PCR从结核分枝杆菌H37Rv基因组中扩增出Rv1009结构域基因,用限制性内切酶消化后插入pUC-19克隆载体中,经测序正确后亚克隆到融合表达载体pPro-EXHT中,转化大肠杆菌DH5α,目的基因经IPTG诱导,由T7启动子调控表达了N端带6个连续组氨酸残基的Rv1009结构域多肽,在变性条件下对目的蛋白进行纯化。结果:获得了结核分枝杆菌Rv1009结构域基因,得到融合6个组氨酸残基的Rv1009结构域多肽,纯化获得的蛋白纯度大于87%。结论:构建了结核分枝杆菌Rv1009结构域基因的重组表达载体,并获得了高纯度的融合表达蛋白,为后续深入研究奠定了基础。     

复苏促进因子结合蛋白A的原核表达及对耻垢分枝杆菌的促生长作用

目的:在大肠埃希氏菌中表达结核分枝杆菌复苏促进因子结合蛋白A(resuscitation-promoting factor-interacting protein A,RipA),观察该蛋白对耻垢分枝杆菌的促生长作用.方法:采用PCR方法,从结核分枝杆菌H37Rv的DNA中扩增出编码RipA蛋白的Rv1477基因,测序正确后克隆入原核表达载体pProEx HTa,构建重组表达质粒pProEx HTa-RipA.以重组质粒转化大肠杆菌DH5a,筛选阳性重组菌株,经异丙基硫代-β-D半乳糖苷(Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside IPTG)诱导RipA表达,在变性条件下对目的蛋白进行亲和层析纯化.将纯化的RipA蛋白加入到耻垢分枝杆菌中,分光光度法测定细菌的A600,观察RipA蛋白的促生长作用.结果:成功扩增了Rv1477基因,并克隆于表达载体pProEx HTa中,经酶切鉴定获得阳性克隆.经诱导在大肠杆菌中表达出相对分子量为52kDa的目的蛋白,Western-blot结果显示该蛋白与6x His单抗有特异性的反应条带.采用Ni+-NTA柱可获得纯化的目的蛋白.10%M的RipA蛋白可显著促进耻垢分枝杆菌休眠菌的复苏和生长.结论:Papa蛋白在大肠杆菌中成功表达,并能有效促进耻垢分枝杆菌的生长.     

结核分枝杆菌Rvl009结构域基因的克隆、表达及亲和层析纯化

目的：克隆结核分枝杆菌Rvl009结构域基因,经序列测定正确后进行融合表达和纯化。方法：采用PCR从结核分枝杆菌H37Rv基因组中扩增出Rvl009结构域基因,用限制性内切酶消化后插入pUC-19克隆载体中,经测序正确后亚克隆到融合表达载体pPro-EXHT中,转化大肠杆菌DH5α,目的基因经IPTG诱导,由T7启动子调控表达了N端带6个连续组氨酸残基的Rvl009结构域多肽,在变性条件下对目的蛋白进行纯化。结果：获得了结核分枝杆菌Rvl009结构域基因,得到融合6个组氨酸残基的Rvl009结构域多肽,纯化获得的蛋白纯度大于87％。结论：构建了结核分枝杆菌Rvl009结构域基因的重组表达载体,并获得了高纯度的融合表达蛋白,为后续深入研究奠定了基础。     

结核分枝杆菌19kD-ESAT6融合蛋白的克隆表达及纯化

运用聚合酶链反应( PCR) 技术从结核分枝杆菌标准株H37Rv 中扩增获得19kD 脂蛋白和esat-6 基因片段, 将目的片段分别克隆到pMD18-T 载体, 再亚克隆目的片段到同一表达载体pET-21a, 构建重组表达载体pET21a-19kD-ESAT6, 转化至大肠埃希菌BL21( DE3) , 表达纯化后用蛋白质印迹法( Western blot) 分析其抗原反应性。结果成功构建了重组质粒pET21a-19kD-ESAT6, 并在大肠埃希菌中获得高效表达。SDS-PAGE 结果显示, 在相对分子质量( Mr) 约29 ×103 处有表达条带。estern blot 结果表明, 重组蛋白19kD-ESAT6 与确诊的结核病患者血清发生特异性免疫反应, 具有特异的抗原性。本研究构建的结核分枝杆菌19kD-ESAT6 融合蛋白为结核病血清学诊断试剂的开发提供了依据。     

结核分枝杆菌Rv3425蛋白的原核表达纯化及其血清学诊断价值

目的：用原核系统表达结核分枝杆菌Rv3425蛋白并纯化,评价该重组蛋白在结核病血清学诊断方面的价值。方法：以结核分枝杆菌H37Rv株基因组为模板,PCR扩增得到Rv3425基因序列,克隆至表达载体pET-28a中,转入大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）进行诱导、表达后纯化,用Western印迹和ELISA法进行抗原性初步评价。结果：在原核系统内经IPTG诱导表达后,Rv3425蛋白主要以包涵体形式存在,经复性和镍柱层析纯化后,纯度达95%以上;Western印迹和ELISA结果证明重组Rv3425具有较强的抗原活性;用纯化的Rv3425蛋白做抗原,临床诊断结核病人血清,阳性率达50%。结论：高纯度的Rv3425蛋白在结核病诊断方面具有很高的应用价值,可作为结核病诊断的备选抗原。     

Reliability of Analyses of Hg,Fe, Ca,K, P,pH, Alkalinity,Conductivity, Hardness and Colour from Lakes

The aim of this report has been to present results concerning analytical quality controls of Hg analysis of fish and sediment, analyses of Fe, Ca, total-P, K, pH, alkalinity, conductivity, colour and hardness (Ca + Mg) of lake water samples. Despite the fact that these are standard parameters in many regular water control programs, there are major differences in the reliability with which these parameters can be determined. The focus here is on an overall inter-laboratory comparison between the parameters. Six laboratories have been involved in the analysis. Selected results: pH gives the lowest (average) relative standard deviation (error), about 2 %; conductivity gives an error of about 5–7 %; alkalinity yields an average error of as much as 13–25 %, which is the largest among the parameters studied here; colour also gives a high error, 9–15 %; hardness gives a relative standard deviation of about 6–7 %. Of the other parameters (i. e., Hg, Fe, Ca and P), Hg gives the best reliability and Fe and P the lowest. To have knowledge of the reliability of the analytical data is of paramount importance in most control programs and research projects.     

Uniform hypothesis of cell behavior--movement, contact inhibition of movement, adhesion, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, pinocytosis, division, contact inhibition of division, fusion.

The cell has been represented as a charged liquid drop. Contrary to the DLVO-theory, the effect of the surface potential upon the value of the interfacial tension of the cell membrane has also been taken into consideration. The cell membrane has visco-elastic properties and its constituents may move against each other. Cell movement is caused by the appearance of a small number of the electrically charged constituents of the cell membrane on the leading edge of the cell. This produces a local decrease in the surface tension and the cell membrane expansion. At the moment of contact between two cells proton transfers occur between the strongly negatively charged microvilli of one cell and the body of the other, analogous to a condenser breakdown. This, through the effect on the surface tension, causes contact inhibition of movement. The distribution of the proton dissociable groups modifies the interaction between the cells (differentiation) and between the cell and the substratum (adhesion). Adsorption of the charged compounds at the surface of the cell membrane, decreasing the surface potential and increasing the surface tension, causes the phenomena of chemotaxis, phagocytosis and pinocytosis. Cell division, considered in the terms of the surface energy, requires an adequate supply of considerable quantities of energy inversely proportional to the surface potential value. In case of a reduction of the distance between the cells, their surface potential and the energetic barrier of the cell division processes increases, and causes contact inhibition of cell division. Due to their high charge, division of neoplastic cells is inhibited much later than division of normal cells, or is completely ininhibited due to geometric conditions. Fusion of the cell membrane in the intra-cellular and intercellular processes is a reverse process in relation to the cell division.     

The Effect of Age and Gender on Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, P, S, Sr, V, and Zn Contents in Rib Bone of Healthy Humans

The effect of age and gender on major, minor, and trace element contents in the intact rib bone of 80 relatively healthy 15–55-year-old women and men was investigated. Contents or upper limit of contents of 16 chemical elements in the rib bone were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Mean values (M?±?SΕΜ) for the mass fraction of Ba, Ca, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Na, P, S, Sr, and Zn (milligram per kilogram of dry bone) were as follows: 2.54?±?0.16, 171,400?±?4,050, 1.35?±?0.22, 140?±?11, 1,874?±?71, 0.049?±?0.011, 2,139?±?38, 5,378?±?88, 75,140?±?1,660, 1,881?±?51, 291?±?20, and 92.8?±?1.5, respectively. The upper limits of contents of Al, B, Mn, and V were <7.20, <0.65, <0.36, and <0.03, respectively. Statistically significant tendency for the Ca, Mg, and P content to decrease with age was found in the human rib bone, regardless of gender. The mass fraction of Fe in the male rib bone increases with age. It was shown that higher Ca, Mg, Na, P, and Sr mass fractions as well as lower Fe content were typical of female ribs as compared to those in male ribs.     

Distribution of N,P, K,Ca, Mg,S, Zn,Fe, Mn and Cu in groundnut

Summary Concentration of N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S in summer groundnut crop was higher than in kharif while Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu contents were higher in summer crop. Kernel's N, P and Zn; Leaflet's Ca and Mn; Stem's K and Fe; Root's S and Cu and Petiole's Mg contents were highest. Shell's N, P, K, Mg, S, Zn and Cu; Kernel's Ca, Fe and Mn contents were the least. N, P, K, S, Zn and Cu concentrations decreased linearly as the crop grew. Ca, Mg, Fe and Mn concentrations did not display any distinct pattern. Ca concentration was positively correlated with pod yield in both the seasons.     

Synthesis,tautomerism, and antimicrobial,anti-HCV,anti-SSPE,antioxidant, and antitumor activities of arylazobenzosuberones

2-Dimethylaminomethylene-1-benzosuberone 1 was coupled with diazotized aniline derivatives to afford a series of the hitherto unreported 2-arylazo-1-benzosuberones 3a–i. The tautomeric structure and the effect of substituents on the tautomeric form (s) of the products 3a–i were discussed. Similar coupling of the enaminone 1 with diazonium salts of heterocyclic amines gave the respective fused azolotriazino-benzosuberones. Some of the newly synthesized compounds showed potent antimicrobial, anti-HCV, antioxidant, antitumor (as topoisomerase I inhibitors), and antimicrobial activities.