项目推介

重组人甲状旁腺素PTH(1-84)由重庆科润生物医药研发有限公司自主研制的重组人甲状旁腺素PTH(1-84)系治疗用生物制品一类,已获一项专利授权ZL00133573.1,并获临床批件:2007L1219。重组人甲状旁腺激素(1-84)是冻干粉针剂,用于治疗骨质疏松症,特点及优势表现为:(1)具有显著的骨同化作用,可增加骨量。目前临床广泛应用的抗吸收治疗无此效应,因此,对重度骨质疏松症的治疗尤为有利。(2)副作用小于rhPTH(1-34)。rhPTH(1-84)人体内发挥生理作用的PTH氨基酸序列完全一致。在国外所进行的临床前研究中发现rhPTH(1-34)有致大鼠骨肉瘤样毒性,而…     

甲状旁腺激素的促骨形成作用研究

甲状旁腺素(PTH)在体内最为重要的作用就是调节钙、磷代谢,近年来的研究证明,PTH在骨的代谢过程中也有着极其重要的作用.目前,PTH及其片段已成为重要的骨形成促进剂,尤其是PTH1-34已由美国礼来(lilly)公司开发为治疗骨质疏松症的药物特立帕肽(teriparatide),它是目前临床应用效果最好的的促进骨合成代谢的药物.本文就PTH的结构、作用机制及其对骨的作用和特里帕肽的研究进展作一综述.     

甲状旁腺激素的基因表达调控

甲状旁腺激素(parathyroid hormone,PTH)是人体骨转换的主要决定因子,它在骨质疏松的发生、预防和治疗中发挥着重要作用,也是目前应用于临床的主要的促骨形成药物之一。PTH的表达和分泌受到Ca2+浓度、钙敏感受体(calcium-sensing recepter,Ca SR)、维生素D、成纤维细胞生长因子(fibroblast growth factor-23,FGF-23)、雌激素等因素影响。本文就近年来PTH基因表达调控的研究进展进行了简要综述,以期为该领域的研究和应用提供有益参考。     

维生素D与PTH相关性研究进展

维生素D是人体必需的一种脂溶性营养素,随着科学技术不断进步,维生素D对人类健康的作用逐渐被发现。已有研究表明,维生素D不仅与多种骨代谢相关疾病有关,并与心血管疾病、代谢综合征、感染、肿瘤、自身免疫疾病等关系密切。在骨代谢方面,维生素D的缺乏可能会导致软骨病、佝偻病、骨质疏松症,甚至会导致急性跌倒事件的发生和骨折的形成,而甲状旁腺激素(PTH)是骨代谢过程中的关键分子。本文综述了维生素D代谢过程及维生素D受体多样性及维生素D与甲状旁腺激素(PTH)相关性,以便有助于探究维生素D与骨代谢之间的关系。     

PTH单克隆抗体的制备与初步应用

甲状旁腺激素(parathyroid hormone, PTH)是一种只有84个氨基酸(amino acid, aa)的直链多肽激素,是调节钙磷代谢的主要激素之一。临床上通过测定PTH来评估骨转换、肾脏疾病以及血液透析患者的预后。本研究旨在通过制备抗PTH的单克隆抗体建立一种快速检测PTH的方法。首先,以化学合成法合成PTH多肽并将多肽偶联至血蓝蛋白(keyhole limpet hemocyanin, KLH)上,通过皮下注射的方式免疫BALB/c小鼠。其次,经过细胞融合以及杂交瘤细胞的筛选,共获得5株稳定分泌抗PTH的单克隆抗体,并对其进行了制备和纯化。再次,采用方阵棋盘滴定法进行抗体配对筛选,并以9B6和22E8抗体分别作为捕获抗体与酶标抗体,建立了检测PTH的双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附测定(double-antibody sandwich enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, dsELISA)方法。最后,在保证灵敏度的情况下对所建立的方法进行了工作浓度的优化,该方法的检测灵敏度可达0.14ng/mL;在0.5～8.0 ng/mL的范围内,其R2达到了...     

甲状旁腺激素和转铁蛋白N端半分子融合蛋白在毕赤酵母中的表达

用重叠PCR技术将PTH（parathyroid hormone, 甲状旁腺激素）基因与TFN（transferrin N_terminal half_molecule, 转铁蛋白N端半分子）基因在体外融合,融合基因克隆至真核表达载体pPIC9中,转化毕赤酵母GS115。转化子经甲醇诱导后,融合蛋白得到了表达并分泌到发酵上清液中。经 SP Sepharose F F阳离子交换层析、Phenyl Sepharose Fast Flow疏水层析纯化获得了纯度大于95％的PTH_TFN样品。Western blot分析及腺苷酸环化酶实验证明融合蛋白中的PTH具有与抗PTH抗体结合能力及刺激腺苷酸环化酶的活性,铁饱和实验证明融合蛋白中的TFN和单独的TFN具有相同铁结合能力。因而TFN可望作为PTH的天然运输载体。     

生物技术简讯

Allelix Biopharmaceuticals公司与Glaxo Canada公司形成联合企业,临床开发治疗骨质疏松症的甲状旁腺激素(PTH)。PTH是一种在调节人体内骨骼矿物质代谢中起着重要作用的蛋白质。实验室研究表明,PTH每年能修复骨骼5～10％。Allelix-Glaxo联合企业对此将进行Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期临床研究以确定PTH对治疗骨质疏松症的安全性和有效性。项目费用将由两个公司共同承担。Allelin仍将保留PTH的供应权,而Glaxo将有权从事Ⅱ期试验结束后在全世界的临床和商品开发。这样,Allelix将获得专利权税及与加拿大合伙促销的权利。     

甲氰味胍能刺激降钙素释放

甲氰咪胍(cimetidine)是一种组织胺H_2受体拮抗剂,用于治疗胃液分泌过多。最近,一些实验提示,甲氰咪胍能抑制甲状旁腺激素(PTH)的分泌以及甲状旁腺组织中cAMP的产生。给正常人或病人用甲氰味胍,能使血清中PTH的免疫反应降低。作者实验室进一步观察了甲氰咪胍是否也影响降钙素(CT)的释放。从幼年大鼠制备甲状腺-甲状旁     

人甲状旁腺激素的研究

人甲状旁腺激素(hPTH)是甲状旁腺分泌的多肽激素。它能与骨基质和肾细胞膜上专一性的受体相结合,将调节细胞中钙磷浓度的信号传导到膜内。hPTH活性片段在N端,其N端氨基酸序列与牛、猪PTH高度同源。hPTH及其活性片段在治疗骨及肌肉疾病方面有重要作用,重组hPTH已获成功。     

绝经后健康妇女甲状旁腺激素基因多态性与骨密度的关系

利用限制性片段长度多态性分析（RFLP）研究北京地区绝经后妇女甲状旁腺激素（PTH）基因多态性与骨密度的关系。筛选健康、无亲缘关系的绝经后妇女185例, 应用双能X射线骨密度仪（DEXA）检测腰椎等部位的骨密度,用PCR-RFLP方法检测绝经后妇女的PTH基因型。绝经后健康妇女中bb、Bb、BB三种基因型的分布频率分别为7.56%、28.11%和64.32%。方差分析显示前臂部位骨密度与PTH基因相关。除华氏三角区外,BB基因型各部位的骨密度值均高于Bb、bb基因型。Logistic回归分析结果显示,bb基因型组骨质疏松与正常妇女存在显著差异（P＜0.001）。 PTH基因中B基因型可能对维持骨量具有一定的作用。     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

Principles of organization and evolution of systems of regulation of functions

Evolution of living organisms is closely connected with evolution of structure of the system of regulations and its mechanisms. The functional ground of regulations is chemical signalization. As early as in unicellular organisms there is a set of signal mechanisms providing their life activity and orientation in space and time. Subsequent evolution of ways of chemical signalization followed the way of development of delivery pathways of chemical signal and development of mechanisms of its regulation. The mechanism of chemical regulation of the signal interaction is discussed by the example of the specialized system of transduction of signal from neuron to neuron, of effect of hormone on the epithelial cell and modulation of this effect. These mechanisms are considered as the most important ways of the fine and precise adaptation of chemical signalization underlying functioning of physiological systems and organs of the living organism