Le contrôle de qualité externe en Biologie de la Reproduction de 1992 à 1996

Clinical efficiency of laboratory results in spermiology needs to have reliable data, and a quality assurance in their determinations. This could be done by creating an External Quality Control, each laboratory analyzing the same specimens. We transferred in spermiology methodologies currently used in Quality Control in Biochemistry and results presented here referred to the 1992–1996 period. Volountary participation of 37 laboratories who recieved two slides issuing from the same ejaculate. Coloration was made with that used in their own laboratory. Two parameters were specially studied: the total normal sperm count and the degree of teratospermia by evaluation of the Multiple Abnormalities Index (MAI). An area around the target value of 15% is actually retained and results in terms of precision and accuracy are interpreted with the Youden’s diagram. For the total normal sperm count, the disperson remains important during the 4 years (about 30 and 40%) with a poor percentage of laboratories in the area of accuracy. For the MAI, results are better as soon as the dispersion falls from 25 to 15% during the same time and the percentage of laboratories in the accuracy area rises from 10% to 68%. After four years of external quality control, such a protocol is very useful. But the quality results of some parameters must be more extensively explored to reduce interlaboratory dispersion and to improve the clinical efficiency of laboratory data in the spermiology approach.     

Mise en œuvre du contrôle de qualité en médecine nucléaire

Like in many nuclear medicine centers, the AFSSAPS decision of November 25, 2008, has slightly changed our habits. The centers with medical physicist already made most of these controls, and this concept was not new for them. But what about the other centers? Sometimes, measures were made as expected, other times the manufacturers were expected to do them during the maintenance time, often nothing was formalized, and even in some cases nothing was done. Our experience in quality control in nuclear medicine is relatively recent, but we find interesting to raise some issues, including the duration for all these controls, the possible delegations, the means necessary to build them and difficulties in applying these controls.     

Testostérone et contrôle central de l’érection

Testosterone orchestrates the perinatal organization and activation of cerebral and spinal neuronal structures involved in the expression of male sexual behaviour in adults. The present review briefly describes testosterone effects in the regulation of sexual motivation and erection, as well as the genetic models developed to date in order to unravel its central mechanisms of action.     

Imagerie phénotypique et peptides radiomarqués au gallium-68 : au-delà des analogues de la somatostatine

Receptor targeting with radiolabeled peptides has become very important in nuclear oncology in the past few years. The most frequently used peptides in the clinic are analogs of somatostatin. However, other radiolabeled analogs have also been developed and assessed in vitro and in vivo and some of them are already in clinical use. For instance, radiolabeled analogs of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH), neurotensin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), bombesin (BN), substance P (SP), cholecystokinin (CCK), integrins… This review focuses on gallium-68 radiolabeled peptides developed for PET imaging, except for somatostatin analogs, which are discussed in another article.     

Répartiteur de dose des médicaments radiopharmaceutiques : contrôle qualité sur deux sites hospitaliers et comparaison avec la législation en vigueur en France

An increasing number of nuclear medicine departments are equipped with automated measurement systems for the preparation of radiopharmaceuticals, with the main aim of minimising technician's irradiation. However, the automatic measurement of the patient activity differs from the manual measurement in material and method. In this context, the objective of the present study was to test the performances of one of these systems, the Unidose by TRASIS^®, in two newly equipped hospitals. The particularity of these systems is they are made up of two dose calibrators: the entrance calibrator (well chamber) and the exit calibrator (probe). Controls were performed on both of these dose calibrators. The results obtained, as well as the methodology employed, were then compared with the regulatory requirements in France. The results found are coherent between the two sites and have highlighted several non-conformities compared to the current regulations, part of which concerning the carpule dose calibrator, which is actually a probe. These results raise the question of a suitable regulation for the new automated measurement systems in nuclear medicine.     

Greffes de cornée automatisées par laser femtoseconde optimisé et système de contrôle aberrométrique

We present a first evaluation of the results of the GRECO project which aims to conceive and realise an innovative device for ocular surgery by ultrafast pulse laser optimised for corneal grafting.