The genus Archidendron (Leguminosae – Mimosoideae)

An account is given of the morphology and the taxonomy of the Asian, Australian and Pacific genus Archidendron (Leguminosae – Mimosoideae). A new infrageneric classification based on morphological data is presented, the genus being subdivided in 8 series. The phylogeny of the genus is discussed, the base of discussion being all available morphological, palynological and wood–anatomical characters. The presence/absence of stipules, the length of the staminal tube compared with that of the corolla–tube, the sessile/stipitate ovary(–ies), the morphology of the pods and the wood–anatomy have been particularly useful in determining the evolutionary trends within the genus. Analyses of the geographical range of selected character states are presented. The data suggest a Central – W. Malesian origin of the genus. The series endemic to the E. Malesian – Australian area have probably evolved more recently. The pluricarpellate condition of the flowers in several species endemic to the E. Malesian and Australian area is considered to be a derived character state. The following new taxa are proposed: Ser. Calycinae Nielsen, ser. Ptenopae Nielsen, ser. Bellae Nielsen, Archidendron falcatum Nielsen, A. cockburnii Nielsen, A. sabahense Nielsen, A. fagifolium (Bl. ex Miq.) Nielsen var. borneense Nielsen, A. kunsrteri (Prain) Nielsen subsp. ashtonii Nielsen, A. ellipticum (Bl.) Nielsen subsp. cordifoliolatum Nielsen. New combinations are proposed in the Malesian species formerly referred to Abarema, Zygia and Morolobium by Kostermans. Keys to and an enumeration of the species are presented.     

The Australian species of Archidendron

Nine species of Archidendron are enumerated for Australia. Two species, A. hir–sutum and A. whitei are described as new. Four new combinations A. grandiflorum (Soland. ex Benth.) Nielsen, A. hendersonü (F. v. Muell.) Nielsen, A. muelleranum (Maid. & R. T. Baker) Nielsen and/4, lovelliae (F. M. Bailey) Nielsen are proposed.     

Additional Notes on Chinese and Indo-Chinese Species of Archidendron

Three new combinations, one new synonym, 3 unperfectly known species and 8 distribution maps of 11 species of Chinese and Indo-Chinese Archidendron are presented in this article, as a supplement of the subject “Notes on the genera Archidendron F. V. Mueller and Pithecellobium Martius in Mainland S. E. Asia” published in Adansonia, ser. 2, 19(1): 3—37. 1979. I am indebted to prof. Wu, head of Taxonomy laboratory of South China Institute of Botany for translating the article into Chinese and adding some distributivepoints of Chinese species of this genus on the maps.     

Minuartia graminifolia (Caryophyllaceae), a south-east European species

A re-evaluation of Minuartia graminifolia has been undertaken based on comparative morphological studies. M. graminifolia subsp. rosani (an endemic of the south-central Apennines and Sicily) and subsp. hungarica (an endemic of the Banat region of Romania) are accepted infraspecific taxa. M. graminifolia subsp. hungarica is lectotypified. M. graminifolia subsp. clandestina is confirmed for Italy; the taxon is neotypified. The type subspecies is considered an endemic to the east-central Alps. Keys to the species of Minuartia ser. Graminifoliae and to the subspecies of M. graminifolia are provided.  © 2003 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 2003, 143 , 419–432.     

Pterigodermatites (Paucipectines) spinicaudatis n. sp. (Nematoda: Rictularidae) from Dromiciops australis (Marsupialia: Microbiotheriidae) in Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. Biogeographical distribution and host-parasite relationships.

Pterigodermatites (P.) spinicaudatis sp. n. from Dromiciops australis is proposed and described. The simple morphology of the ovijector and the presence of a well developed spine between the two cuticular projections at the caudal extremity of the female distinguish the studied nematode from the remainder species of the genus parasitizing South American Edentata, marsupials and cricetid rodents. The distribution area of the hosts of the different species of P. (P.) are given. The studied genus does not parasitize any Australian marsupials. It was found in the endemic South American Microbiotheriidae. This fact suggests from a parasitological point of view that D. australis is not related to the Australian marsupials but to the South American ones.     

Review of the stiletto fly genus Actenomeros Winterton & Irwin (Diptera, Therevidae, Agapophytinae)

The endemic Australian genus Actenomeros Winterton & Irwin, 1999b is reviewed. Three species are transferred from Nanexila Winterton & Irwin, 1999a: Actenomeros aureilineata (Winterton & Irwin, 1999a) comb. n., Actenomeros intermedia (Winterton & Irwin, 1999a) comb. n. and Actenomeros paradoxa (Winterton & Irwin, 1999a) comb. n. A new species (Actenomeros budawangsp. n.) is described and figured from New South Wales. A key to species is presented.     

A taxonomic revision of Crambe section Dendrocrambe (Brassicaceae)

As part of a recent revision of the genus Crambe , based on the morphological study of herbarium and cultivated material, the systematics of section Dendrocrambe DC. are reviewed here. Section Dendrocrambe (including monospecific section Rhipocrambe Svent.) is considered to comprise 14 species, all endemic to Macaronesian archipelagoes: 13 in the Canary Islands and one in the Madeira Islands. Crambe feuilleei A. Santos and C. gomerae subsp. hirsuta Prina are described here, C. fruticosa subsp. pinnatifida (Lowe) Prina & Mart.-Laborde is proposed as a new status, and a key for the identification of all taxa, as well as maps with localities of collection, are provided.  © 2008 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2008, 156 , 291–304.     

Phylogeny and biogeography of the staghorn fern genus Platycerium (Polypodiaceae, Polypodiidae)

The genus Platycerium is one of the few pantropical epiphytic fern genera with six species in Afro-Madagascar, 8-11 Australasian species, and a single species in tropical South America. Nucleotide sequences of four chloroplast DNA markers are employed to reconstruct the phylogeny of these ferns and to explore their historical biogeography. The data set was designed to resolve conflicting hypotheses on the relationships within the genus that were based on previous phylogenetic studies exploring morphological evidence. Our results suggest a basal split of Platycerium into two well-supported clades. One clade comprises species occurring in Africa, Madagascar, and South America, whereas the second clade contains exclusively Australasian species. The latter clade is further divided into a clade corresponding to P. bifurcatum and its putative segregates and a clade of seven species occurring from Indochina throughout the Malesian region to New Guinea and Australia. The Afro-Madagascan clade includes a clade of two species found in tropical Africa and a clade of four species that includes three species endemic to Madagascar. The single neotropical species of this genus, P. andinum, is nested within the Afro-Madagascan clade but is not closely related to any extant species.     

Regional patterns of biodiversity in New Guinea plants

Regional patterns of biodiversity in seven recently-studied, speciose groups of New Guinea plants (comprising 200 species, or 1–2% of the flora) are analysed with maps showing numbers of species in 1^o grid cells. Patterns are correlated with the tectonic history of New Guinea. The New Guinea orogen involved rocks of the northern margin of the Australian craton as well as the terranes accreted to the margin, and the current axial range is geologically and biologically composite. The southern Nothofagus has a main massing on the Australian craton portion of the New Guinea mountains. In contrast, four typical genera of Malesian rainforest (Parsonsia, Archidendron, Aglaia, Amyema) have centres of biodiversity on the accreted terranes north of the craton. There are 32 distinct tectono-stratigraphic terranes (some composite) which have been accreted to the craton at different times through the Tertiary and these may have travelled hundreds or even thousands of kilometres before docking. Finally, the 'decaisninoid group' of Loranthaceae and the fern Grammitis have centres of diversity on both the craton and the accreted terranes.     

18种(1变型)鼠尾草属植物叶表皮及表皮毛微形态特征研究

鼠尾草属是唇形科中最大的属,全球有近1 000种。我国是鼠尾草属东亚分布中心,有84种,分布于全国各地,尤以西南地区最多。鼠尾草属植物具有很高的经济价值和观赏价值,但由于鼠尾草属植物分布广、种类多、形态变异大,给该属鉴定和分类学研究带来了很大的困难。此外,在采集和调查过程中发现弧隔鼠尾草亚属和荔枝草亚属的很多种类在营养生长期仅通过叶片很难鉴定。表皮毛是植物叶片上最常见的附属物,其分布特性和形态特征常作为植物鉴定和分类学研究的重要手段。该文利用光学显微镜和环境扫描电镜对18种和1变型共19份鼠尾草属植物的叶片类型、表皮细胞形状、垂周壁样式、气孔器类型和表皮毛等叶表皮微形态特征进行了观察和比较研究,为鼠尾草属的分类界定研究提供证据。结果表明:这19份鼠尾草属植物叶表皮和表皮毛形态特征在电子显微镜下表现出明显的多样性,叶表皮细胞形状为不规则形或多边形,垂周壁多数为浅波状或波状,少数为平直或弓形。气孔器为无规则型和不等细胞型,其中无规则型最为常见。样品叶表皮毛分为4个类型,盾状腺毛、头状腺毛、短非腺毛和长非腺毛。该属植物叶表皮的这些微形态特征,可为本属鉴定和分类学研究提供理论依据。     

云南樫木属植物修订

(木坚)木属Dysoxylum Bl.在云南有十种,并仍有新的发现。本文在重新考证了有关标本和资料的基础上,增加了一个新纪录种dysoxylufm densiflorum(Bl. )Miq.及中文描述,并将D. spicatum并入D. binectariferum,将D. hainanense并入D. mollissimum,将D. gobara并入D. excelsum,对个别云南特有种作了补充描述。     

The morphology and generic position of Australian Kailarsenia (Rubiaceae: Gardenieae)

The characters that define the genus Kailarsenia (Rubiaceae), namely the stipule morphology, seed-coat perimeter thickening and colporate pollen, are entirely consistent with the morphology of three Australian species placed in that genus. A preliminary cladistic analysis of the genus indicates that the Queensland species K. ochreata and K. jardinei are more closely related to the Bornean K. campanula than to K. suffruticosa an endemic of the Northern Territory, Australia. Kailarsenia suffruticosa has its affinities with the type of the genus K. tentaculata and K. lineata of tropical Asia. The recently described genus, Larsenaikia is reduced to synonomy.     

A revision of Malesian Austrobuxus (Picrodendraceae/Euphorbiaceae s.l. subfam. Oldfieldioideae)

The Malesian species of the predominantly New Caledonian genus Austrobuxus were revised. Three species are recognized. Austrobuxus nitidus is widespread from south Thailand to Borneo. Characteristic for this species are the very short papillae of the caruncle. The caruncle papillae are much longer in the other two, newly described species. Austrobuxus celebicus sp. nov. is endemic to Sulawesi, where it is found on ultramafic soils, and A. dentatus sp. nov. is an endemic species of western New Guinea. The former is notable for the very small fruits and the latter for the teeth‐like glands along the leaf blade margins, unique within the genus.     

Notes on African species of the genus Anisopappus Hook. & Arn. (Asteraceae)

Two new species of the genus Anisopappus Hook. & Arn. (Asteraceae) are described A. athanasioides Paiva & Ortiz, from Angola, and A. pseudopinnatifidus Ortiz & Paiva, from Namibia. The morphological variability of the A. chinensia-A. africanus complex is studied and two new combinations are proposed: A. chinensis subsp. africanus (Hook. fil.) Ortiz & Paiva and A. chinensis subsp. lobatus (Wild) Ortiz & Paiva.     

Notes on African species of the genus Anisopappus Hook. & Arn. (Asteraceae)

Two new species of the genus Anisopappus Hook. & Arn. (Asteraceae) are described: A. athanasioides Paiva & Ortiz, from Angola, and A. pseudopinnaididus Ortiz & Paiva, from Namibia. The morphological variability of the A. chinensis-A. africanus complex is studied and two new combinations are proposed: A. chinensis subsp. africanus (Hook, fil.) Ortiz & Paiva and A. chinensis subsp. lobatus (Wild) Ortiz & Paiva.     

菰属系统与演化研究—胚形态

本文采用光学显微镜对全世界菰属４种２亚种及其有关属种共４属７种的胚形态进行系统研究后,获得菰属Ｚｉｚａｎｉａ Ｌ．与山涧草Ｃｈｉｋｕｓｉｃｈｌｏａ ａｐｕａｔｉｃａ Ｋｏｉｄｚ．的胚型为Ｆ＋ＦＰ,稻Ｏｒｙｚａ ｓａｔｉｖａ Ｌ．与拟菰Ｚｉｚａｎｉｏｐｓｉｓ ｍｉｌｉａｃｅａ（Ｍｉｃｈｘ．）Ｄｏｅｌｌ ＆ Ａｓｃｈｅｒｓ．的胚型为Ｆ＋ＦＰ,其中山涧草的胚型为首次报导。根据胚型,这４属均应位在禾本科Ｇ     

Two new taxa of Geigeria (Asteraceae, Inuleae) from Angola, with a multivariate analysis of Geigeria aspalathoides

Comparison of the morphological characters of specimens of Geigeria aspalathoides (Asteraceae, Inuleae), with the aid of cluster analysis, indicates the existence of two subspecies endemic from Angola: subsp. aspalathoides and subsp. chorleyana. In addition, we describe a new species of this genus, Geigeria decurrens , from Angola.     

Biogeography of Eocene bryozoans from the St Vincent Basin, South Australia

The first extensive and stratigraphically detailed taxonomic study of the Middle to Late Eocene Bryozoa of the St Vincent Basin has identified more than 200 species of Cheilostomata and 50 species of Cyclostomata. There are three biogeographic groups: basin endemic, Australian and global. Two-thirds (116) of the cheilostome species and seven genera are currently considered endemic to this basin. Most species are endemic to Australia and similar to those found in the Oligo-Miocene of Victoria. The Cellariidae are a common component of most Australian Cainozoic deposits, but the species are highly dissimilar, with 13 of the 17 species here being new. The global component indicates that biogeographic links with regions outside Australia still existed in the Eocene. The cyclostome genus Reticrescis is only known from the Australian and Antarctic Eocene. Ten genera have their first occurrence in the Eocene St Vincent Basin. The Phidoloporidae and Smittinidae represent the most diverse and ubiquitous groups at a geological time close to their time of origination. Contemporaneous sediments in Antarctica, eastern Europe and North America also have a diverse fauna of this family, pointing to a strong Tethyan link. Rhamphosmittina lateralis (MacGillivray) is still extant in New Zealand, having an exceptionally long time range of 40 million years. Overall, the fauna has a distinct Late Cretaceous character. A new genus of Onychocellidae appears similar to genera that were common in Cretaceous Tethyan faunas but rare during the Cainozoic. This similarity ends in the Oligocene, after which the Australian bryozoan became endemic     

Taxonomic and evolutionary relationships in the genus Vella L. (Cruciferae)

Thirty-two differential characters are numerically analysed for the six existing taxa of the genus Vella L. The closely related monotypic genus Boleum Desv. is also included for comparison. Most of the characters used are morphological, but cariological, ecological and biogeographical aspects have also been studied. The results indicate that four distinct species, one ( V. pseudocytisus L.) with three sub-species, should be distinguished. The new combination V. anremerica (Lit. et Maire) Gómez-Campo (basionym: V. pseudocytisus L. subsp. anremerica Lit. et Maire) and the new name V. pseudocytisus L. subsp. paui Gómez-Campo for V. pseudocytisus L. var. glabrescens Willk., nornen nudum are presented. A key is given to aid identification of these taxa. Their conservation status is also discussed.