中国姜黄属植物的订正

将白顶姜黄（CurcumaalbicomaS．Q．Tong）归入川郁金（C．sichuanenslsX．X．Chen),将另一种“川郁金”（C．chuanyujinC．K．HsiehetH．Zhang）归入广西莪术（C．kwangsiensisS．G．LeeetC．F．Liang）。认为过去把莪术鉴定为C．zedoaria（Christ．）Rose．C．caesiaRoxb．或C．aeruginosaRoxb,其实都是C．phaeocaulisVal．的误定;C．elataRoxb．是C．wenyujinY．H．ChenetC．Ling的误定;认为广西莪术的两个变种,即紫脉莪术（C．kwangsiensisvar．affinisY．H．Chen）和毛莪术（C．kwangsiensisvar．puberulaY．H．Chen）不能成立．对台湾是否产C．viridifloraRoxb．表示怀疑。附有中国产姜黄属植物12种的检索表及其分布．     

国产赖草属(禾本科)两个类群的修订

根据标本研究、野外考察和实验观察,对国产赖草属Leymus两个类群进行了分类修订,将阿尔金山赖草Leymus arjinshanicus D．F．Cui和L．aerginshanicus D．F．Cui ssp．ruoqiangensis（S．L．Lu＆Y.H．Wu）D．F.Cui处理为若羌赖草L．ruoqiangensis S．L．Lu＆YH．Wu的新异名,将纤细赖草L．secalinus（Georgi）Tzvel．var．tenuis L．B．Cai提升为一个独立的种L．tenuis（L．B．Cai）L．B．Cai．     

中国樟科木姜子属植物纪要

描述一新种即沧源木姜子Litsea cangyuanensis J．Li et H．W．Li;一中国新纪录种白叶木姜子L．albescens（Hook．f．）D．G．Long;3个新异名：大叶木姜子L．chunii Cheng var．longipedicellata Yang f．latifolia Yang归并到高山木姜子L．chunii Cheng,狭叶桂北木姜子M．subcoriacea Yang et P．H．Huang val．stenophylla Yang et P．H．Huang归并入桂北木姜子L．subcoriacea Yang et P．H．Huang,狭叶华南木姜子L．greenmaniana Allen val．angustifolia Yang et P．H．Huang归入华南木姜子L．greenmaniana Allen;思茅木姜子L．szemaois（H．Liou）J．Li et H．W．Li作为新等级提升为种;并对秃净木姜子L．kingii Hook．f．与山鸡椒L．cubeba（Lour．）Pers．两者间的差异进行澄清,对台湾产的黄肉树应采用L．hypophaea Hayata和广西产的蜂窝木姜子应采用L．foveola Kosterm．进行了讨论。一个新名称：L．sinoglobosa J．Li et H．W．Li替代同名的L．globosa Yang et P．H．Huang。     

南亚和东南亚龙胆属(龙胆科)的新名称、新组合及分类注释

本文提出了龙胆属两个种的新名称(Gentiana membranulifera T．N．Ho,G．nudicaulisKurz var. assa- mensis T．N．Ho)和5个变种的新组合[(Gentiana lateriflora Hemsl．var. uncifolia(H．J．Lam)T．N．Ho, G．sumatrana Ridl．var．humifusa(S．Moore)T．N．Ho,G. quadrifaria Bl．var．wightii(Kusnez．)T．N．Ho, G．loerzingii Ridl. var．timida(Kerr)T．N．Ho,G．membranulifera T．N．Ho var．recurvata (Kusnez．)T．N．Ho)〕。     

《现代生物医学进展》编辑部及各通联部联系方式

本刊网址：www．biomed．net．cn，www．shengwuyixue．com，www．swcx．periodicals．net．cn E-mail：biomed_54@126．com，liudhui_21@126．com，biomagnetism@163．com，liudhui21@gmail．com     

《现代生物医学进展》编辑部及各通联部联系方式

本刊网址：www．biomed．net．cn,www．shengwuyixue．com,www．swcx．periodicals．net．cn E-mail：biomed_54@126．com,liudhui_21@126．com,biomagnetism@163．com,liudhui21@gmail．com     

《现代生物医学进展》编辑部及各通联部联系方式

本刊网址：www．biomed．net．cn，www．shengwuyixuc．com．www．SWCX．periodicals．net．cn E-mail：biomcd_54@126．com，liudhui_21@126．com，biomagnetism@163．com，liudhui21@gmail．com 编辑部地址：哈尔滨市54号信箱（150001）哈尔滨市花园街184号     

国产樟科-新名称

PhoebereticulataY．K．Liet X．M．Wang是P．reticulata Mez的晚出同名,建议用一个新名称P．liana Y．Yang替代P．reticulataY．K．LietX．M.Wang。     

灌木辣椒——涮辣的组织培养

1植物名称 涮辣（Capsicum frutescens L．cv．Shuanlaense L．D．Zhou,H．Liuet P．H．Li,cv．nov．）。     

中国链格孢属分类研究V.生于锦葵科,睡莲科和蔷薇科植物上的新种, …

含链格孢２个新种、１个新名称和４个新记录：朱槿链格孢Ａｌｔｅｒｎａｒｉａ ｒｏｓａ－ｓｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ Ｍ．Ｘ．Ｇａｏ ｅｔ Ｔ．Ｙ．Ｚｈａｎｇ，ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．、地榆链格孢Ａ．ｓａｎｇｕｉｓｏｒｂａｅＭ．Ｘ．Ｇａｏ ｅｔ Ｔ．Ｙ．Ｚｈａｎｇ，ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．、莲生链格孢Ａ．ｎｅｌｕｍｂｉｃｏｌａ Ｔ．Ｙ．Ｚｈａｎｇ，ｎｏｍ．ｎｏｖ．、锦葵链格孢Ａ．ｍａｌｖａｅ Ｒｏｕｍ．ｅｔ Ｌｅｔｅｎｄｒｅ．、苹果     

基于景观尺度下的鄱阳湖湿地浅层土有机碳的空间特征

湿地土壤有机碳研究是全球碳循环研究的基础性工作, 对于准确评估湿地固碳增汇和全球温室气体减排都具有重要意义。以鄱阳湖国家自然保护区为研究区域, 选择六种景观类型(湿地洲滩景观包括受人工控制的碟形湖泊常湖池、半人工控制的碟形湖泊蚌湖、不受人工控制的洲滩前缘泗洲头以及岗地景观包括林地、田地和菜地), 湿地洲滩景观在各1 m高程(泗洲头和蚌湖采样高程10-17 m, 常湖池采样高程12-17 m)内的浅土壤采取3个土壤样品, 岗地景观浅层土壤各采取3个土壤样品, 分析浅层土壤有机碳含量。结果表明, 鄱阳湖不同景观类型的浅层土壤有机碳含量差异性显著。湿地洲滩浅层土壤(特别是0-10 cm土层)的有机碳随高程梯度变化呈现倒U型变化, 即低海拔与高海拔土壤有机碳的含量较中海拔土壤有机碳的含量低, 泗洲头洲滩土层0-10 cm的有机碳含量最高值出现在13-14 m高程, 其中0-10 cm土层的土壤有机碳含量变化值为1.56-12.29 g·kg-1, 10-20 cm土层的土壤有机碳含量变化值为0.96-8.19 g·kg-1; 蚌湖洲滩土层0-10 cm的有机碳含量最高值出现在14-15 m高程, 其中0-10 cm土层的土壤有机碳含量变化值为6.36-23.32 g·kg-1, 10-20 cm土层的土壤有机碳含量变化值为4.14-8.88 g·kg-1; 常湖池洲滩土层0-10 cm的有机碳含量最高值出现在16-17 m高程, 其中0-10 cm土层的土壤有机碳含量变化值为6.51-18.91 g·kg-1, 10-20 cm土层的土壤有机碳含量变化值为3.83-10.05 g·kg-1。岗地浅层土壤有机碳(特别是0-10 cm土层)田地的土壤有机碳含量最高, 菜地土壤有机碳含量最低。比较六种景观类型的浅层土壤有机碳含量, 泗洲头洲滩浅层土壤有机碳含量最低, 蚌湖洲滩浅层土壤有机碳含量最高。六种景观类型的浅层土壤有机碳含量呈现一致的现象是土层0-10 cm的机碳含量明显高于土层10-20 cm的有机碳含量, 说明鄱阳湖国家自然保护区内土壤有机碳含量主要富集在土壤浅层的特征。土壤pH值对湿地土壤有机碳呈显著负相关性, 而土壤含水量、地上部分生物量与土壤有机碳呈显著正相关性。     

Marginal bone loss around axial and straight implants supported with prefabricated SFI-Bar with mandibular overdentures

To assess the role of prefabricated SFI-Bar in peri-implant bone loss around immediately axially loaded and straight implants. This study comprised of 40 complete denture wearer patients who received two axially parallel implants connected by SFI-Bars in group I and two 15° mesially tilted implants connected by SFI-Bars in group II. Peri- implant bone loss (PiBL) was measured at 1 year, 2 years and 3 years. The mean PiBL at 1 year in group I was 0.21 mm and I group II was 0.22, at 2 years in group I was 0.26 mm and in group II was 0.23 mm and at 3 years, in group I was 0.29 mm and in group II was 0.34 mm. The difference was significant at 3 years (P< 0.05). The mean mesial PIBL at 1 year in group I was 0.18 mm, in group II was 0.20 mm, at 2 years in group I was 0.19 mm and in group II was 0.07 mm and at 3 years, in group I was 0.25 mm and in group II was 0.29 mm. The difference found to be significant in each time duration in both groups (P< 0.05).The mean distal PIBL at 1 year in group I was 0.23 mm, in group II was 0.22 mm, at 2 years in group I was 0.33 mm and in group II was 0.39 mm and at 3 years, in group I was 0.34 mm and in group II was 0.39 mm. The difference found to be significant at 2 and 3 years in both groups (P< 0.05). Authors found that mandibular overdentures retained with Prefabricated SFI-Bar with axial and straight inserted implants may be useful in patients with reduced bone height.     

Flower-inducing and -inhibiting activities of Phloem Exudate from Cotyledons of Pharbitis Seedlings

The flower-inducing and -inhibiting activities of phloem exudate (PE) prepared from cotyledons of Pharbitis seedlings were examined, using apex cultures in vitro from Pharbitis as a bioassay system.The PE was prepared from photoperiodically-induced cotyledons (SD-PE). The SD-PE was subjected to the following fractionations: When the SD-PE was extracted with CHCl₃ and then ethyl acetate, the inducing activity was located in the final aqueous fraction. The activity was localized in the diffusate when the aqueous fraction was dialyzed (molecular weight cut off was 10,000). The diffusate was fractionated by ion exchange chromatography, and flower-inducing activity was found in the fraction adsorbed onto anion exchange resin. When the fraction was applied to a Sep-Pak C18 cartridge, the activity eluted with 25% MeOH. As a result of the above fractionation, activity was increased about 30-fold.The nature of the flower-inhibiting activity of the PE taken from cotyledons exposed to continuous-light conditions was examined (CL-PE). The inhibiting activity was decreased as the cotyledons were exposed to longer dark periods; it appeared to be heat-stable. The CL-PE also inhibited flowering in Lemna. The CL-PE was subjected to the following fractionations: When the CL-PE was extracted with CHCl₃ and ethyl acetate, activity was located in the final aqueous fraction. Activity was localized in the diffusate when the aqueous fraction was dialyzed (molecular weight cut off was 10,000). When the diffusate was fractionated by ion exchange chromatography, the activity was found in the flow-through fraction. When the fraction was applied to a hydroxyapatite cartridge, the activity eluted with 25 mM sodium phosphate buffer. When the fraction was re-dialyzed (molecular weight cut off was 1,000), the diffusate contained the activity. As a result of the above fractionation, activity was increased about 10-fold.     

青蛤的营养成分分析与评价

测定了61、2月份青蛤(Cyclina sinensis)的营养成份,并对其营养价值进行综合评定。结果表明,6月份青蛤的营养较12月份好,其粗蛋白比12月的高出2.84%,粗脂肪含量高出1.74%;6月和12月的氨基酸总含量分别为826.3 mg/g蛋白质和804.0 mg/g蛋白质,其中必需氨基酸分别占36.1%和33.6%,氨基酸计分(AAS)和化学评分(CS)是6月的较高,必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)则分别为64.23和59.88。其不饱和脂肪酸占脂质总量的67.7%,其中单烯酸占24.9%,多烯酸占42.8%,“脑黄金”DHA和EPA的含量分别达到11.3%和18.4%。还含有多种微量元素和维生素。     

产碱性蛋白酶芽孢杆菌的鉴定

通过测量比较在碱性蛋白平板上产生的蛋白水解圈直径,从土壤中筛选到一株高产蛋白酶菌株Bacillus sp.HFBL0079,根据生理生化特性、16S rDNA序列,鉴定为B.amyloliquefaciens。其最适培养温度为35°C-37°C,最适生长pH 8.0,在特定培养条件下16 h达到稳定期,菌体生长和蛋白酶合成同步进行。以大豆分离蛋白为氮源时发酵液具有最高酶活。发酵液在pH 10时具有最高酶活,表明为碱性蛋白酶。该菌株产生的碱性蛋白酶可水解多种天然蛋白质,对胶原蛋白水解度高于其他蛋白质,对羽毛角蛋白也有一定水解能力,提示该酶具有一定新颖性。     

粗柄独尾草不同器官蒽醌类成分的消长规律

采用高效液相色谱法对沙生类短命植物粗柄独尾草苗期、营养生长期、初花期、盛花期、果期各器官中大黄素、大黄酚、大黄酸、芦荟大黄素含量的消长规律进行了研究。结果表明:叶中,芦荟大黄素的含量在苗期和初花期都较高,在盛花期时最低;大黄酸的含量在苗期最高,盛花期时最低;大黄素的含量在苗期达到最高,初花期和盛花期最低;大黄酚的含量也以苗期最高,盛花期和果期最低。且在初花期时,4种蒽醌类物质含量均呈现明显的叶先端>叶中部>叶基部的空间差异性。根中,芦荟大黄素的含量在苗期和营养生长期较高,而以盛花期和果期较低;大黄酸的含量在果期最高,其余时期差异不显著;大黄素的含量以苗期和初花期较高;大黄酚的含量在果期达最高,而盛花期时最低。同时期的根叶蒽醌含量相比,叶中的芦荟大黄素要高于根,而根中大黄酚含量要高于叶。同时期各器官蒽醌总量相比:叶>根>花>花葶。故若选取粗柄独尾草作为蒽醌类药材利用,建议最佳采集方式为采集初花期的叶先端部分。     

不结球白菜叶子重量性状遗传模型分析

应用主基因+多基因6个世代联合分离分析方法, 对不结球白菜SI×秋017组合的叶片重和叶柄重性状进行了分析。结果表明, SI×秋017组合的叶片重性状遗传受1对负向完全显性主基因+加性-显性多基因(D-4)控制, 主基因加性效应为1.8991, 显性效应为-1.8991; 多基因加性效应为-1.2934, 显性效应为1.7933; 势能比值为-1.3865, 显性度为-1.0000; B1、B2和F2世代群体叶片重的主基因遗传率分别为6.98%、4.33% 和36.08%; B1、B2和F2世代群体叶片重的多基因遗传率为16.03%、7.39%和23.96%。叶柄重的遗传受1对加性主基因+加性-显性多基因(D-2)控制, 主基因加性效应为-1.1457, 显性效应为0; 多基因加性效应为1.3472, 多基因显性效应为2.5788; 势能比值为1.9142, 显性度为0。B1、B2和F2世代群体叶柄重的主基因遗传率分别为31.72%、5.27%和57.94%。B1、B2和F2世代群体叶柄重的多基因遗传率分别为0.42%、4.59%和4.80%。对SI×秋017组合叶片重性状的改良要在晚代选择; 对叶柄重的改良要以主基因为主, 可在早代选择。     

云南丽江山慈菇遗传多样性的DALP分析

采用DALP (Direct amplification of length polymorphism) 分子标记技术, 对产自云南的药用植物丽江山慈菇Iphigenia indica (L.) Kunth的9个居群进行DNA指纹检测。筛选出5个引物组合, 扩增共产生131条DNA片段, 其中104 条谱带具有遗传多态性, 约占79 39%, 平均每组引物扩增所得多态条带为20 8, 9个居群平均多态百分率为42 21%。9个居群平均观察等位基因数Na为1 4224, 总Na为1 7939; 平均有效等位基因数Ne 为1 3141, 总Ne 为1 4810; 平均遗传多样性指数H为0 1745, 总H为0 2831; 平均Shannon 多样性指数I 为0 2527, 总I为0 4231; 总基因多样性Ht为0 2831, 居群内多样性Hs 为0 1745, 居群间基因分化系数Gst为0 3834, 即丽江山慈菇有61 66%的遗传变异来自居群内, 38 34%来自居群间, 居群间存在较高水平的遗传分化。滇西北居群的遗传多样性明显高于滇中居群的遗传多样性, 这与滇中地区丽江山慈菇野生资源被大规模挖掘有着直接的关系。     

人正常腺上皮组织中MUC6基因的表达

应用免疫组织化学和原位杂交方法检测人正常腺上皮中MUC6基因的表达,揭示MUC6基因在正常人腺上皮组织中的分布异质性及其特点.结果显示MUC6基因编码的核心蛋白及其mRNA主要分布于正常胃粘膜胃腺的基底部,上皮细胞无MUC6基因表达,呈细颗粒状,位于细胞核周,胃底、胃窦的表达无区别;十二指肠绒毛上皮内的表达呈弥漫性,均质状,杯状和柱状细胞的表达类似,杯状细胞的粘液滴内未测得MUC6基因产物;空肠、结肠组织中无MUC6基因的表达;胆囊上皮组织内有强阳性MUC6核心蛋白的表达,而宫颈上皮中表达较弱.实验提示MUC6基因的表达存在异质性及器官特异性.     

Ultrasonic fetal gender diagnoses during Months 5 to 11 in mares

The effect of fetal age on the ability to diagnose gender during the last half of pregnancy was evaluated in 85 mares using a 3.5 MHz linear-array transducer. Diagnosis of fetal gender was completed in 19 of 21 attempts (90%) during Months 5–6 and was independent of fetal presentation; the percentage of cranial, caudal, and transverse presentations was 52, 29 and 19%, respectively. Fetal gender was diagnosed in only 4 of 64 (6%) attempts during Months 7 to 11; fetal presentation was predominantly cranial (95%). Attempts at gender diagnoses were always successful when the fetus was in caudal or transverse presentation. Overall accuracy for fetal gender diagnoses was 89%. Absolute accuracy verified after birth of the foal was 100% when expected accuracy, estimated at the time of the examination, was ≥80%. During Month 5, the penis was a hyperechogenic trilobulated structure located near the fetal umbilical attachment. During Months 6 to 11, the penis was pendulous; it appeared circular in cross section and rectangular in longitudinal section. The anogenital raphe was a narrow hyperechogenic structure between the hind limbs and along the perineum. During Months 5 to 11, the clitoris was hyperechogenic, trilobulated, and located in the perineal region. The labia could be delineated when the entire perineum was imaged. The mammary gland was a triangular hyperechogenic structure between the hind limbs in frontal and cross-sectional planes. In both genders the anus was identified as a hyperechogenic structure located immediately below the tail. Ultrasonic fetal gender diagnosis was readily accomplished and most accurate during Months 5 to 6, but thereafter the diagnostic areas were usually inaccessible.