TWO NEW SPECIES OF CONIDIOBOLUS FOUND IN PLANT DETRITUS

Drechsler , Charles . (Plant Industry Sta., Beltsville, Md.) Two new species of Conidiobolus found in plant detritus. Amer. Jour. Bot. 47(5) : 368—377. Illus. 1960.–By canopying Petri plates of maize-meal agar with small quantities of friable or mealy plant detritus 2 new species of Conidiobolus, both of moderate dimensions, were isolated. They are described as C. incongruus and C. multivagus. The former, obtained from leaf mold collected in Colorado, produces zygospores which with respect to their internal organization differ markedly from those of congeneric species but resemble rather closely the globuliferous zygospores of Basidiobolus haptosporus and B. meristosporus. Conidiobolus multivagus, obtained from decayed twigs of Casuarina equisetifolia gathered in western Florida, forms a mycelium that soon becomes conspicuously disconnected. The disconnected condition here results partly from the production of many detached slender filaments, which, by constantly withdrawing protoplasmic materials from the posterior end while elongating at the tip, migrate through the slated substratum apparently without any intake of nutrients. The detached conidia of C. incongruus are provided with a more prominent basal papilla than those of C. multivagus, though both species show equally sharp demarcation between the globose main contour of the conidium and the dome-shaped contour of the papillia.     

RADULAR VARIATION IN TWO SPECIES OF SPONGE-RASPING DORID NUDIBRANCHS

The damp live weight of specimens of Archidoris montereyensisand Anisodoris nobilis was found to be positively correlated( = 0.05) to the number of teeth per row, the number of rowsin the radula and the length of teeth. Covariance analyses ofthe regressions of the first two radular characteristics toweight failed to statistically separate the two species. Theseresults argue against the utility of radular information astaxonomic characters in sponge-rasping dorids. The increase in tooth size with increasing animal size was foundto be statistically divergent for these two species and wasinterpreted as being consistent with the feeding biology ofthese two species. (Received 10 March 1977;     

FINE STRUCTURE OF NUCLEAR CRYSTALS IN LEAVES OF TWO DIANTHUS SPECIES

Examination of leaf cells of Dianthus barbatus with the election microscope revealed the presence of crystals in the nuclei, but not in the cytoplasm or in other organelles. They were at first thought to be viral crystalline inclusions, but no evidence could be adduced to support this possibility. The crystals were found in the nuclei of cells from all parts of the leaf, including parenchyma cells of the vascular elements. They were usually 0.5–2 μ long, and occasionally up to 5 μ. In longitudinal section they appeared as electron-dense striations, about 10–15 mμ wide, alternating with electron-transparent bands, 6–8 mμ wide. In cross section they had a honeycomb appearance, resulting from closely packed hexagonal elements, with electron-transparent centers. Similar crystals were found in nuclei of D. chinensis leaf cells, but not in other members of the Caryophyllaceae, including two varieties of D. caryophyllus, D. deltoides, D. arenarius, Silene acaulis, Lychnis chalcedonica, Saponaria calibrica, and Stellaria media. This appears be the first fine structural report of a lattice inclusion in nuclei of cells of healthy higher plants.     

SEXUAL DIMORPHISM IN CYPRAEIDAE

EVIDENCE of sexual dimorphism has been found in two species,Cypraeagracilis Gaskoin and Umbilia hesitata Iredale. In theformer the observed difference lies in the colour of the livinganimals, and in the latter in the length of the shell, the malebeing the longer. (Received 10 June 1960;     

THE AERODYNAMICS OF POLLEN CAPTURE IN TWO SYMPATRIC EPHEDRA SPECIES

Wind-tunnel analyses of the behavior of airborne pollen around ovules of two Ephedra species (E. trifurca and E. nevadensis) indicate that at certain airflow speeds (0.5 m/sec and 1.0 m/sec) each species is capable of biasing pollination in favor of conspecific pollen. A computer procedure was designed to evaluate the physical basis for this aerodynamic discrimination. This procedure indicates that differences in size and density confer significantly different inertial properties to the two pollen species. Operating within the specific aerodynamic environments generated around ovules from each species, these differences are sufficient to account for the biases observed in the probability of pollination. Within natural populations, there exists significant variation in pollen size (and possibly in density). Accordingly, it is possible that, under certain ambient wind conditions, ovules from each species can select subsets of the entire airborne population of Ephedra pollen.     

CUTICLES OF TWO SPECIES OF ALETHOPTERIS

Specimens of Alethopteris sullivanti (Lesquereux) Schimper and Alethopteris lesqueieuxi Wagner were found in Middle Pennsylvanian coal balls from the Lovilia, Iowa and West Mineral, Kansas localities. Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to study macerated cuticles of these two foliage types of the pteridosperm, Medullosa. The lower epidermises of both species of Alethopteris possess sunken stomata, papillae, and evidence of multicellular hairs. The upper epidermises are devoid of these features. Critical point drying and subsequent observation with SEM were used to document the structure of the multicellular hairs of A. lesquereuxi. Replicas of the lower epidermal features of an impression-compression specimen of A. sullivanti were observed with SEM and compared with the petrified specimens.     

云南可食的革菌属真菌的分类研究

“干巴菌”因别具清香的佳美食味而与竹荪、虫草、鸡(土从)、松茸等同属于云南珍贵的野生食用菌。每年夏秋,鲜干巴菌类在市场上深受欢迎。干巴菌分布于滇中的昆明、安宁、富民、禄丰、玉溪、路南,滇西的丽江、保山、昌宁、腾冲,滇南的思茅等地。常生于松林、油杉林等针叶松林下。     

ANATOMY OF THE GYNOECIUM IN TWO SPECIES OF BAKERIDESIA (MALVACEAE)

Structure of the gynoecium is described in two species of Bakeridesia, subgenus Bakeridesia (Malvaceae, tribe Malveae). The dorsal wall of each carpel bears a winglike projection with a marginal pair of pubescent, bluntly dentate wings. The projection arises as a single, solid ridge of tissue after the ovules are initiated and after the ventral carpellary margins are fused with the receptacle. Two multiseriate layers of fiber-sclereids line each locule and continue into the winglike projection where they are separated by parenchyma. Gynoecial vascularization is described in detail. The richly vascularized carpels are supplied by five traces: a median dorsal trace, which bifurcates into two dorsal bundles; two lateral traces; and two ventral traces. Adjacent ventral traces, lateral traces, and septal bundles are fused—i.e., they are held in common by neighboring carpels. The presence of lateral carpellary traces may be a primitive character in the tribe Malveae.     

ULTRASTRUCTURAL ASPECTS OF TWO SPECIES OF GUTTULINOPSIS

Two acrasid cellular slime molds. Guttulinopsis vulgaris and G. nivea, are compared at the ultrastructural level. The amoebae of the two species are indistinguishable except for the presence of intranuclear fibers in G. vulgaris. Both species share some unusual features, including: plate-like cristae in the mitochondria, production of microbody-like organelles in the perinuclear space, spores with thin bilaminar walls, and stalks containing microfilaments bound in striated bundles. These and other observations are discussed with regard to the development of the sorocarps and the relationship of the genus to other members of the Acrasida.     

TWO SPECIES OF APHELENCHOIDES ASSOCIATED WITH STRAWBERRY BUD DISEASE IN BRITAIN

Two species of Aphelenchoides have been found in nematode-diseased strawberries from several places in Britain. They are identified as Aphelenchoides fragariae (Rit-zema-Bos, 1891) and A. ritzema-bosi (Schwartz, 1911) and the differences between them are fully discussed. A. olesistus (Ritzema-Bos, 1893) is considered a synonym of A. fragariae (Ritzema-Bos, i89x).     

天牛科中国二新纪录种记述(鞘翅目)

记述了采自中国吉林省的天牛科Cerambycidae中国2新纪录种,即天牛亚科Cerambycinae短翅天牛属Glaphyra的白腹短翅天牛Glaphyra ishiharai(Ohbayashi,1936)及沟胫天牛亚科Lamiinae拟修天牛属Eumecocera的黑拟修天牛Eumecocera unicolor(Kano,1933),标本保存在北华大学林学院昆虫标本室。