断眼天牛DNA条码试剂盒的研制

【目的】为了加强对检疫口岸截获木材中的断眼天牛种类进行准确、快速的鉴定,克服单纯依赖于形态学方法为主的局限性,我们研发了断眼天牛属DNA条码试剂盒检测技术。【方法】本研究基于线粒体COⅠ基因(线粒体细胞色素氧化酶亚基Ⅰ),采用加拿大条码中心开发的昆虫及植物DNA提取方法,对基因序列分析,获得碱基位点规律。【结果】断眼天牛属中的9个常截获种类取得了标记性碱基位点。【结论】检疫中常截获的断眼天牛属中的9个种通过标记性碱基位点得到区分;研发了断眼天牛属DNA条码试剂盒检测技术,为进出境口岸的检疫工作提供一种新的鉴定手段。     

楔天牛属7种雄性外生殖器特征比较研究

本文研究了检疫截获的楔天牛属7种楔天牛八点楔天牛、白桦楔天牛、斑点楔天牛、柳楔天牛、青杨楔天牛、山杨楔天牛、十星楔天牛雄性外生殖器的形态结构,并提供其解剖图。研究表明,楔天牛属雄性外生殖器由阳茎基、中茎和内囊3部分组成。阳茎基的阳基侧突具有相对遗传稳定性,且在属内均成近似矩形,并首次测量了7种楔天牛的成虫雄性外生殖器阳基侧突的长宽比。得出了雄性外生殖器形态特征在楔天牛属种内差异小、种间差异大,并能用雄性外生殖器特征有效区分楔天牛属近似种的结论。     

油茶新害虫南方锦天牛形态特征和生物学特性研究(英文)

南方锦天牛Acalolepta speciosa属鞘翅目天牛科沟胫天牛亚科锦天牛属昆虫,是近年在油茶Camellia oleifera上新出现的一种蛀干害虫.本文首次对该天牛的形态特征,包括雌雄生殖器结构进行了详细的描述,以期为该虫的鉴定提供可靠的依据,并首次报道了该虫生物学特性.     

广西凭祥口岸首次截获有害生物台湾坡天牛Pterolophia formosana

台湾坡天牛一般随着木制品及包装制品进行远距离传播入境。目前我国台湾地区和日本有分布,在我国大陆地区尚未见该虫的发生报道。2019年5月凭祥口岸从来自越南的相思木板上截获了台湾坡天牛,为我国大陆首次截获。通过显微形态特征的观察和测量进行台湾坡天牛种类鉴定。台湾坡天牛与近似种的主要区别:其鞘翅基部具明显的黑褐色宽横带。通过入侵可能性分析,来自我国台湾地区、日本的台湾坡天牛入侵我国大陆地区的可能性很大。台湾坡天牛在我国广东、广西、福建等地区定殖和扩散风险很大。一旦传入我国,将对我国的农林安全造成巨大威胁,各口岸应对进境的木制品及包装加强检验检疫。     

中国土天牛属雄性外生殖器研究(鞘翅目,天牛科,锯天牛亚科,锯天牛族)

对中国土天牛属13种雄性外生殖器进行了解剖研究,总结了土天牛属的雄性外生殖器特征。在所研究的5个亚属中,仅Dorysthenes(Prionomimus)亚属内各种类具有很多共同的特征,其中包括与其他种不同的雄性外生殖器特征。所研究的13种雄性外生殖器在形态上存在差异,利用交配孔背缘中央是否低于两侧、交配孔腹缘肩部的倾斜程度、阳基侧突的长度和中茎的弯曲程度等雄性外生殖器特征能够很好地对土天牛属的种类进行鉴定,尤其是鉴定外部形态十分相似的种类。     

星天牛属的数值分类研究初探(鞘翅目:天牛科)

本文选取了92个综合特征对星天牛属 Anoplophora 的九个种分别进行了系统聚类法和主成分分析研究,结果是一致的。灰星天牛 A.versteegi(Ritsema)是一个比较特殊的种,在体型和一系列特征上都与其它星天牛类存在较大的差异,因此把它从本属中分出,归入安天牛属Annamanum是比较合理的。许多学者将 Anoplophora分开成两个亚属,甚或两个不同的属,数值分类结果表明,除A.versteegi外的所有种中,不存在明显的类元划分界线,且也不存在秩级划分的重要特征,而是呈均一的自然类群。 用三个相似性系数借助于三个协表相相关系数作为最优性分类的评判标准对系统聚类法的九种聚合策略进行了比较研究,结果表明UPGMA是最佳的。     

SIX NEW RECORD SPECIES OF CLYTINI FROM CHINA ( COLEOPTER,CERAMBYCIDAE, CERAMBYCINAE)

共记述了绿虎天牛属Chlorophorus Chevrolat中国1新纪录种,横纹绿虎天牛Chlorophorus copiosus Holzschuh;艳虎天牛属Rhaphuma Pascoe中国2新纪录种,回纹艳虎天生Rhaphuma lanzhui Holzschuh和箭纹艳虎天牛Rhaphuma illicata Holzschuh;刺虎大牛属Demnonax Thomson中国3新纪录种,断纹刺虎天牛Demonax traudae Holzschuh,蔷薇刺虎天牛Demonax rosae Holzschuh和格氏刺虎天牛Demnonax gertrudae Holzschuh.研究标本保存存西南大学昆虫标本馆.     

我国七种绿虎天牛属幼虫(鞘翅目:天牛科)

绿虎天牛属Chlorophorus属于天牛亚科Cerambycinae,虎天牛族Clytini,包括许多常见害虫。本文记载了该属七种幼虫形态,它们是裂纹绿虎天牛Ch. separatus Gressitt、槐绿虎天牛Ch. diadema (Motschulsky)、澳门绿虎天牛Ch. macaumensis (Chevrolat)、半环绿虎天牛Ch. reductus Pic、刺槐绿虎天牛Ch. sulcaticeps Pic、榄绿虎天牛Ch. eleodes (Fairmaire)和竹绿虎天牛 Ch. annularis(Fairmaire)。竹绿虎天牛和刺槐绿虎天牛在浙江、福建和广东各地严重为害竹林,澳门绿虎天牛在海南岛为害咖啡树     

我国坡天牛属五种幼虫记录(鞘翅目:天牛科)

坡天牛属Pterolophia属于沟胫天牛亚科Lamiinae,坡天牛族Pteropliini,幼虫为常见的钻蛀性害虫,为害多种植物。现将斜尾坡天牛Pt.brevegibbosa Pic、南方坡天牛Pt.discalis Gressitt、玉米坡天牛Pt.cervina Gressitt红角坡天牛Pt.rubricornisGrassitt和桑地天牛Pt.annulata Gressitt幼虫形态记录如次。 玉米坡天牛幼虫国内已经记载(李忠诚,1982),本文仍列其主要特征,以资比较。     

异色跗虎天牛的种内变异探讨及再描述(鞘翅目,天牛科,天牛亚科)

对2011年6月采自云南勐仑的73头异色跗虎天牛Perissus mutabilis Gahan,1894标本进行研究,发现该种73号标本在鞘翅斑纹、前足爪开式、前胸背板颜色及斑点、后足腿节长度存在不同程度的差异,研究认为上述特征不宜用作该种分类鉴定的特征。红胸跗虎天牛Perissus mutabilis vitabilis Pic,1923和黑胸跗虎天牛Perissus mutabilis obscuricolorPic,1937依据部分上述特征建立,且特征出现交叉,分布区域与指名亚种异色跗虎天牛P.mutabilis mutabilis Gahan,1894重叠,建议取消红胸跗虎天牛P.mutabilis vitabilis Pic,1923和黑胸跗虎天牛P.mutabilis obscuricolor Pic,19372个亚种。并对异色跗虎天牛P.mutabilis Gahan,1894进行重描述。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

A Unique Protease Cleavage Site Predicted in the Spike Protein of the Novel Pneumonia Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Potentially Related to Viral Transmissibility

正Dear Editor,In December 2019, a novel human coronavirus caused an epidemic of severe pneumonia(Coronavirus Disease 2019,COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China(Wu et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020). So far, this virus has spread to all areas of China and even to other countries. The epidemic has caused 67,102 confirmed infections with 1526 fatal cases     

Curcuminoids as inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase: A receptor based pharmacophore study with distance mapping of the active site

Curcumin is the yellow pigment of turmeric that interacts irreversibly forming an adduct with thioredoxin reductase (TrxR), an enzyme responsible for redox control of cell and defence against oxidative stress. Docking at both the active sites of TrxR was performed to compare the potency of three naturally occurring curcuminoids, namely curcumin, demethoxy curcumin and bis-demethoxy curcumin. Results show that active sites of TrxR occur at the junction of E and F chains. Volume and area of both cavities is predicted. It has been concluded by distance mapping of the most active conformations that Se atom of catalytic residue SeCYS498, is at a distance of 3.56 from C13 of demethoxy curcumin at the E chain active site, whereas C13 carbon atom forms adduct with Se atom of SeCys 498. We report that at least one methoxy group in curcuminoids is necessary for interation with catalytic residues of thioredoxin. Pharmacophore of both active sites of the TrxR receptor for curcumin and demethoxy curcumin molecules has been drawn and proposed for design and synthesis of most probable potent antiproliferative synthetic drugs.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.