ROMA在卵巢上皮性癌早期诊断中的研究进展

卵巢上皮性癌（Epithelial ovarian cancer,EOC）死亡率居妇科恶性肿瘤首位,早期诊断可明显改善患者预后。人附睾上皮分泌蛋白（human epididymis protein 4,HE4）对早期EOC的检测敏感性高,有助于对EOC高危患者的筛选,与CA125可互补,增加盆腔包块患者中EOC早期诊断力度。HE4与CA125联合检测及结合绝经状态预测盆腔包块患者中卵巢恶性肿瘤的发病风险模型（Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm,ROMA）,能成功预测盆腔包块患者中EOC高风险个体,对卵巢良恶性肿瘤的鉴别预测更为准确且更易被接受,有较大的临床应用价值。     

ROMA在卵巢上皮性癌早期诊断中的研究进展

卵巢上皮性癌(Epithelial ovarian cancer,EOC)死亡率居妇科恶性肿瘤首位,早期诊断可明显改善患者预后。人附睾上皮分泌蛋白(human epididymis protein 4,HE4)对早期EOC的检测敏感性高,有助于对EOC高危患者的筛选,与CA125可互补,增加盆腔包块患者中EOC早期诊断力度。HE4与CA125联合检测及结合绝经状态预测盆腔包块患者中卵巢恶性肿瘤的发病风险模型(Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm,ROMA),能成功预测盆腔包块患者中EOC高风险个体,对卵巢良恶性肿瘤的鉴别预测更为准确且更易被接受,有较大的临床应用价值。     

TROP2在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌中的表达及其与预后的关系

目的:探讨TROP2在不同卵巢组织中的表达及其与卵巢浆液性囊腺癌患者临床病理因素之间的关系,明确TROP2表达是否与卵巢浆液性囊腺癌患者预后有关。方法:应用免疫组化法检测TROP2在98例卵巢浆液性囊腺癌组织及50例正常卵巢组织中的表达情况,分析TROP2表达与卵巢浆液性囊腺癌患者临床病理特征的关系,采用COX比例风险回归模型分析影响卵巢浆液性囊腺癌患者预后的因素。结果:TROP2在卵巢浆液性囊腺癌、正常卵巢组织中的表达阳性率分别为55.1%及24.0%,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。TROP2表达与卵巢浆液性囊腺癌患者年龄无显著相关(P0.05),而与患者有无淋巴结转移,组织学分级和临床分期有显著相关(P0.05);临床分期、病理组织学分级、术后残余灶大小、TROP2基因表达均为影响卵巢浆液性囊腺癌患者预后的危险因素(P0.05)。结论:TROP2可能成为卵巢浆液性囊腺癌患者治疗的新靶点。     

120 例初治、年轻、中高/ 高危弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤的临床分析

目的:探讨初治、年轻、中高/高危弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(diffuse large B cell lymphoma,DLBCL)的临床特征、治疗措施及预后影响因素。方法:回顾性分析2006年1月至2014年5月军事医学科学院附属医院淋巴瘤科收治的年龄≤60岁、年龄调整的国际预后指数(aa IPI)评分≥2分的初治DLBCL病例,进行疗效及预后相关因素的分析。结果:共收集到资料完整的DLBCL病例120例,中位随访28(4-106)个月,3年PFS率53.25%,OS率61.52%。单因素分析结果显示B症状、治疗方案及近期疗效、自体移植对无进展生存(PFS)及总体生存(OS)率的影响有统计学意义。多因素分析结果显示治疗方案、自体造血干细胞移植是影响PFS、OS率的独立影响因素。结论:年轻、中高/高危DLBCL具有高度异质性,病理细胞来源、Ki-67等在本组病例中未见显著预后意义,有待临床进一步探索。     

EZH2在卵巢癌中的研究进展

果蝇zeste基因增强子人类同源2(enhancer of zeste homolog 2,EZH2)是近年来肿瘤领域研究的热门靶点基因,其在卵巢恶性肿瘤中表达增高,与卵巢癌的发生发展及预后密切相关。EZH2作为一种重要的负性表观遗传调控蛋白,可通过催化组蛋白3赖氨酸27三甲基化(H3K27me3)和调控新型钙黏蛋白分子CD13等影响卵巢细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭,对EZH2的深入研究将为治疗卵巢恶性肿瘤提供新的分子靶点。本文就该领域的最新研究进展作一简要综述。     

MMP-2、MMP-7在卵巢癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的 探讨MMP-2、MMP-7的表达与卵巢癌临床病理生物学行为的关系以及对患者预后的影响.方法 应用核酸原位杂交和免疫组化对97例卵巢上皮性癌和23例卵巢上皮性良性肿瘤组织进行MMP-2、MMP-7mRNA及蛋白的检测.结果 MMP-2、MMP-7 mRNA及蛋白的表达阳性率在卵巢癌组均显著高于良性肿瘤组(P<0.05).多因素分析,PTNM分期、MMP-2及MMP-7的表达是影响卵巢癌根治术后患者预后的独立因素(P<0.05);MMP-2阳性组与阴性组5年生存率分别为30.6%和76.0%,MMP-7阳性组与阴性组5年生存率分别为19.7%和80.6%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 MMP-2、MMP-7的过表达促进卵巢癌的浸润和转移,联合检测MMP-2和MMP-7可能作为预测和评价患者预后的生物学指标.     

人乳头瘤病毒感染与宫颈癌的研究进展

宫颈癌是一种严重危害女性健康的恶性肿瘤,其发病率较高,位居女性恶性肿瘤的第二位,仅次于乳腺癌.流行病学治疗显示,99％的宫颈癌患者均感染高危型人乳头瘤病毒(Human papillomavirus,HPV),HPV是宫颈癌的首要病因.近年来,HPV分型检测技术的发展十分迅速,在宫颈癌筛查中与细胞学检测联合应用,对子宫颈病变的早期发现和预防有很重要的意义,可以提高诊断的敏感性,预防宫颈癌的发生和改善宫颈癌患者的预后.本文拟对HPV感染的检测方法与宫颈癌的研究进展做一综述.     

腮腺肿瘤患者行游离保留SMAS术后的复发及预后影响因素分析

摘要 目的：探讨腮腺肿瘤患者行游离保留SMAS术后的复发及预后影响因素分析。方法：以我院2016年3月-2022年1月收治的60例腮腺肿瘤患者作为研究对象。所有患者均行游离保留SMAS联合全腮腺切除术治疗。术后进行随访。采用χ²检验和独立样本t检验进行腮腺肿瘤患者预后复发及预后存活情况的亚组分析。采用Pearson检验进行相关性分析;采用Cox回归模型计算腮腺肿瘤患者预后的独立危险因素。结果：复发和未复发患者性别、年龄、BMI、糖尿病病史和高血压病史无显著差异（P＞0.05）;复发和未复发患者的淋巴结转移、病理类型、TNM分期、AJCC临床分期差异显著（P<0.05）;预后死亡和预后存活患者性别、年龄、BMI、糖尿病病史和高血压病史无显著差异（P＞0.05）;预后死亡和预后存活患者的淋巴结转移、病理类型、TNM分期、AJCC临床分期和复发情况差异显著（P<0.05）;淋巴结转移、病理类型、TNM分期、复发、AJCC临床分期与腮腺肿瘤患者预后存活情况密切相关（P<0.05）;多因素Cox分析结果显示,淋巴结转移、病理类型、TNM分期、复发、AJCC临床分期是独立危险因素（P<0.05）。结论：疾病相关因素是导致腮腺恶性肿瘤患者复发和死亡的重要因素,临床早期可针对性调整治疗方案以降低患者术后复发和恶性肿瘤。     

妇科恶性肿瘤患者跌倒因素分析及护理对策

目的总结分析妇科恶性肿瘤患者的跌倒原因并提出整改措施,以减少住院患者跌倒的发生率。方法根据患者现存或潜在的健康问题进行评估,确定存在高危因素患者,予制定相应的防范措施并落实。结果妇科恶性肿瘤患者跌倒的主要因素有疾病造成的失血和恶性肿瘤脑部转移、肿瘤治疗中出现的不良反应、患者自我认知欠缺和负面情绪的心理和不良环境因素。结论通过评估,确定存在高危风险因素的目标人群,对其加强病情观察与监控,加强健康教育,改善住院环境,对护士进行护理安全意识培训,保证有效措施的落实,可预防和减少意外跌倒的发生。     

继发性卵巢纤维肉瘤并广泛盆腹腔种植1例并文献复习

目的探讨一例右侧卵巢卵泡膜纤维瘤腹腔镜术后出现继发性卵巢纤维肉瘤合并盆腹腔广泛转移的临床病理特征、诊断、治疗及前次手术应用旋切器对预后的影响。方法分析卵巢纤维肉瘤光镜及免疫组织化学各项指标的病理特点,旋切器应用的适应症并复习相关文献。结果卵巢卵泡膜纤维瘤术后发生的卵巢纤维肉瘤有可能不是继发性病变,而是由于前次使用旋切器后失去完整肿瘤形态引起病理取材上的漏诊引起的,对于卵巢实质性肿瘤,不推荐使用旋切器粉碎取出。结论应避免腹腔镜手术使用旋切器粉碎卵巢实质性包块导致病理取材的困难,使恶性肿瘤漏诊;旋切碎屑导致盆腹腔播散种植及加速病变恶化增殖。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.