美国内布拉斯加州中新统的美獾化石一新种(英文)

记述了采自美国内布拉斯加州中新统的一保存较完整的美獾（Ｌｅｐｔａｒｃｔｕｓ）头骨化石。与美獾属的其他已知种相比,该标本的颊齿粗壮,Ｐ４臼齿化,近方形,宽略大于长,齿尖磨蚀均匀,Ｉ３犬齿化,且向大齿方向弯曲;Ｍ１宽略大于长,且比已知种的Ｍ１大;听泡具钩状突,突起上有一明显的舌骨关节面。依据上述与已知种的差别,我们将其定为一新种Ｌｅｐｔａｒｃｔｕｓｍａｒｔｉｎｉｓｐ ｎｏｖ。新种的牙齿形态及齿尖磨蚀状况显示其为杂食动物。     

西班牙加泰罗尼亚CERDANYA地区晚中新世轮藻植物LYCHNOTHAMNUS BARBATUS的分类学与古生态学意义

轮藻纲植物Lychnothamnus barbatus的化石在西班牙加泰罗尼亚地区比利牛斯山脉东部Cerdanya盆地上中新统(Turolian阶)发现。通过与现生L．barbatus的比较研究,发现两者在藏卵器大小方面存在较大差别,据此建立新亚种Lychnothamnus barbatus ssp．megalicarpus subsp．nov．,其藏卵器的各项特征均与器官属Rhabdochara(Madler)Grambast一致,证实两者为同物异名。Lychnothamnus barbatus在盆地上部湖相沉积层中的大量存在,表明湖盆演化史后期发生过营养状况由富营养化向贫营养化转变的现象。     

新疆准噶尔盆地北缘中中新世食肉类

1995年和1996年在新疆准噶尔盆地北缘乌伦古河沿岸中中新世地层中新发现的食肉类,经研究有8属9种,包括一新种：Nimravussp．、Pseudaeluruscuspidatussp.nov.、Protictitheriumintermedium、Protictitherium小种、Thalassictischinjiensis、Gobicyonsp．、Oligobunis？sp．、Alopecocyongoeriachensis和Simocyon小种．新材料虽较破碎,但其发现扩大了一些已知属种的地层和地理分布范围。通过对标本的观察和对比,对各属种的系统发育作了讨论。各属种与通古尔、丁家二沟、下草湾等动物群以及欧洲、南亚相关动物群的食肉类分子的比较结果尚不能肯定含化石地层的确切时代,但有可能早于通古尔组。     

陕西蓝田晚中新世食肉类

陕西省蓝田地区灞河组与蓝田组产出了大量的古哺乳动物化石。其中,晚中新世哺乳动物化石序列为认识该地区自然环境的变化提供了重要的依据。详细描述和研究了其中的食肉类化石。计有鬣狗科3种(Ictitherium viverrinum、Hyaenictitherium cf.H.wongii、Adcrocuta eximia)和猫科2种(cf.Metailurus major与cf.Metailurus parvulus)。在下部的灞河组与上部的蓝田组界线附近,食肉类动物群落组成发生了改变,但引起这种改变的原因仍有待进一步研究确定。     

禄丰古猿化石地点食肉目化石的初步整理

本文对禄丰腊玛古猿化石地点的食肉目化石予以分类记述和简要分析。     

A NEW SEMLIKIICHTHYS FISH (TELEOSTEI, PERCIFORMES) FROM THE UPPER MIOCENE OF CHAD: FOSSIL RECORD AND PALAEOBIOGEOGRAPHICAL IMPLICATIONS

Abstract:  Semlikiichthys is a fossil genus of perciform fish from the Neogene continental deposits of Africa. Until now, it was known in Mio-Pliocene sites of the Great Lake Region and of the River Nile by a single species, S. rhachirhinchus . Here, we describe new Semlikiichthys material recovered from Central Africa (Upper Miocene of Toros-Menalla, western Djurab, Chad), and compare it to S. rhachirhinchus , which is the only known species of the genus, and also with Lates niloticus , which is the fish in African Neogene deposits that most closely resembles it. We attribute the Chadian material to Semlikiichthys darsao sp. nov., based on ten osteological characters of the neurocranium, the maxilla, the dentary and the first vertebra. Our comparative anatomical study also enables us to provide a revised diagnosis for the genus and to reconsider the taxonomic attribution of the fossils assigned to it. Furthermore, the fossil record of Semlikiichthys supports a connection between sub-basins of the Nilo-Sudanese region during the Miocene, and a disruption between the Great Lake and the Nile Basin on the one hand and the Chadian Basin on the other before 7 Ma.     

Aspects of the functional morphology in the cranial and cervical skeleton of the sabre-toothed cat Paramachairodus ogygia (Kaup, 1832) (Felidae, Machairodontinae) from the Late Miocene of Spain: implications for the origins of the machairodont killing bite

The skull and cervical anatomy of the sabre-toothed felid Paramachairodus ogygia (Kaup, 1832) is described in this paper, with special attention paid to its functional morphology. Because of the scarcity of fossil remains, the anatomy of this felid has been very poorly known. However, the recently discovered Miocene carnivore trap of Batallones-1, near Madrid, Spain, has yielded almost complete skeletons of this animal, which is now one of the best known machairodontines. Consequently, the machairodont adaptations of this primitive sabre-toothed felid can be assessed for the first time. Some characters, such as the morphology of the mastoid area, reveal an intermediate state between that of felines and machairodontines, while others, such as the flattened upper canines and verticalized mandibular symphysis, show clear machairodont affinities.  © 2005 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society , 2005, 144 , 363−377.     

山东山旺中中新世鳅科化石

本文描述的较完整的花鳅 Cobitis 化石在我国尚属首次发现.花鳅属是花鳅亚科(Cobitinae)中较进步的鱼类,广布于欧洲、亚洲和非洲,已知化石则产自欧洲和亚洲的第三系.长胸鳍花鳅 Cobitis longipectoralis sp. nov. 的发现为探讨鳅科起源及其地理分布提供了新的资料.     

新疆阿尔泰地区中中新世肉食类动物

新疆阿尔泰地区中中新世“哈拉玛盖”层中产丰富的古哺乳动物。本文介绍的是其中的肉食类标本。共两种动物。     

山东山旺发现中新世大型猛禽化石

记述了山东山旺地区发现的首件大型猛禽类化石。一新属种,Ｑｉｌｕｏｒｎｉｓ ｔａｉｓｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓｇｅｎ． ｅｔ ｓｐ． ｎｏｖ．。新鸟较我国以前发现的中新世唯一一件大型猛禽类化石,江苏泗洪的顾氏中新鹫（Ｍｉｏａｏｐｉｕｓ ｇｕｉ Ｈｏｕ　１９８４）稍小,但保存更加完整并较进步。这一大型猛禽的发现,为研究早期猛禽的演化,以及山旺组地层与相关地层时代对比提供了重要的资料。     

云南禄丰晚中新世鸟类

云南禄丰晚中新世古猿产地的鸟类化石,共计3目、3科、6属、6种,包括2新属4新种。另外尚有科、目未定之一特殊鸟类标本。     

NEOSELACHIANS FROM THE UPPER CAMPANIAN AND LOWER MAASTRICHTIAN (UPPER CRETACEOUS) OF THE SOUTHERN PYRENEES, NORTHERN SPAIN

Abstract: Bulk sampling of upper Campanian to lower–middle Maastrichtian coastal and lagoonal deposits in five sections of the Tremp Formation in the south‐central Pyrenees yielded numerous neoselachian teeth. The fauna comprises nine taxa of which three species and one genus are new: Hemiscyllium sp., Lamniformes indet., Paratrygonorrhina amblysoda gen. et sp. nov., Coupatezia trempina sp. nov., Coupatezia sp., Coupatezia? sp., Rhombodus ibericus sp. nov. and Igdabatis indicus. The neoselachian fauna is dominated by small nectobenthic rays. This composition resembles assemblages known from the marine Upper Cretaceous, but differs from nearby localities of the Basque‐Cantabrian region and continental selachian associations of the French Pyrenees. The results indicate that Rhombodus might not be a reliable biostratigraphic marker for the Maastrichtian. The faunal composition suggests a shallow trans‐Tethyan connection between Eurasia and India at the end of the Cretaceous Period.     

内蒙古中新世通古尔组 Tungurictis(Carnivora:Hyaenidae)的新材料

斯氏通古尔鼬 (Tungurictisspocki)是 1 939年Colbert描述的一个采自内蒙古中中新世通古尔组的小型食肉类的新属、新种。他最初认为通古尔鼬属于灵猫科 ,但最近Hunt( 1 989)及Hunt和Solounias( 1 991 )提出通古尔鼬具有一些鬣狗科耳区的特征 (如水平方向的听泡隔板等 )但缺少典型鬣狗科强壮的用来咬碎骨骼的前臼齿。Werdelin和Solounias( 1 991 )对鬣狗科分支系统的研究也进一步证实通古尔鼬实际上是一种鬣狗科较为原始的成员。因此通古尔鼬成为研究鬣狗科初期演化关系的重要一环。Tungurictisspocki的正型标本 (AMNH 2 660 0 )是一件相当完整的头骨 ,但这是美国自然历史博物馆第三次中亚考查团在狼营地点 (WolfCamp)获得的惟一标本。缺少下颌骨和非常关键的下裂齿对于研究鬣狗科关系总是一件憾事。因此在通古尔台地南缘首次发现的出自同一个体的斯氏通古尔鼬上、下颌骨 ,对加深该种形态特征的认识和对鬣狗科系统关系的研究都具有一定意义。新发现的材料 (IVPPV 1 3784)包括很可能属同一个体头骨的前半部分以及下颌骨 ,并保存了P3～M2及m1～m2。V 1 3784采自内蒙古苏尼特左旗IVPP 346地点西 1 .5km(美国自然历史博物馆中亚考查团推饶木诺尔地点TairumNorlocality ,又称南营地SouthCamp) ,属通古尔组下部     

A NEW SNAKE MACKEREL FROM THE MIOCENE OF ALGERIA

Abstract:  A new genus and species of gempylid is described from the Late Miocene (Messinian) diatomite deposits of the Chelif Basin, north-east Algeria. Although its skeleton is incomplete, Chelifichthys goujeti gen. et sp. nov. possesses a unique combination of features that justifies its recognition as a new genus. Chelifichthys goujeti is characterized by remarkably elongate and serrated dorsal-fin spines, the absence of external pelvic-fin elements, and sculptured frontals and opercular bones. Chelifichthys appears to be closely related to the living genera Nealotus , Prometichthys , Rexea and Rexichthys . Chelifichthys goujeti represents the third record of the family Gempylidae in the Neogene of the Mediterranean.     

A NEW CRICETID FROM THE LUFENG HOMINOID LOCALITY, LATE MIOCENE OF CHINA

CricetidaeRochebrune,l883KowalskiaFahlbusch,1969Kowalskiahanaesp.nov.(Figs.l-3iPl.I)EtymologyNamedinhonourtoProf.HanDefel1whoconductedtheexcava-tionatthesiteinl983andhasmadegreatcontributionstothestudyofthehomi-noidfauna-HolotypeLeftMl(V1o843;2.oOX1.35mm).ParatypesLayerl:6M1,7M2,2M3,l2m1,l2m2,6m3(Vlo844.l-45);Il:3Ml,2M2,2M3,9m1,l3m2,3m3(Vlo844.46-77);IlI:amandib1ewithm1-3(Vlo844.78);IV:adamagedmandiblewithml-3(Vlo844.79);V:l5M1,14M2,8M3,16ml,12m2,9m3(VlO844.8O-l53);VI:onedamage…     

临夏盆地晚中新世爪兽亚科(奇蹄目,哺乳纲)一新种

爪兽在我国新近纪地层中发现的数量和种类都相当稀少。本文根据产自甘肃省临夏盆地晚中新世柳树组的一批化石材料建立的一个爪兽化石新种临夏奈王爪兽(Nestoritherium linxiaense sp.nov.)是此属目前所发现的最原始的种类。新种以鼻骨与泪骨相接触、上臼齿原小尖萎缩、原脊不太发育、下颌粗壮、齿隙短、下犬齿可能存在但发育较弱以及p4下内尖孤立而区别于其他各种。根据新发现的化石,确立了Nestoritherium属名的有效性,并将修订后的Nestoritherium wuduense(Xue&Coombs,1985)归入其中,认为此属是Hesperotherium的祖先类型。     

陕西府谷发现的晚中新世维氏大唇犀(奇蹄目,犀科)新材料

新材料有丰富的头骨和下颌骨标本,因而对维氏大唇犀有了更加深入的了解。观察结果显示维氏大唇犀在大唇犀属中的地位相当特别,它具有极窄的顶嵴间平面、马鞍形的头骨顶面、发育的眶上结节和较高的枕面,这些特征显示出它是所有已知大唇犀中最原始的一个种。     

陕西府谷晚中新世Acerorhinus属(奇蹄目,犀科)一新种

记述的 Acerorhinus fuguensis sp. nov是 Acerorhinus属中一个相当进步的种。府谷 保存完整的标本使我们对Acerorhinus的特征有了更全面且准确的认识。新种以强烈外展的鼓后突和头骨顶面在眶前的骤然收缩区别于塞瓦斯托波尔的A. zernowi和柴达木的A.tsaidamensis。新种下门齿内刃上翻的特点显示Acerorhinus属有向Chilotherium属演化的趋势。     

禄丰中新世兔猴类一新属

本文记述的是在云南禄丰腊玛古猿化石产地发现的原猴类化石,分类上归于兔猴科。鉴于它的形态特征,作者把它订为一新属新种(Sinoadapis carnosus gen. et sp. nov.),这是迄今已知兔猴科最晚的记录。这一发现对兔猴类的进化及探讨腊玛古猿的生活环境具有一定的意义。     

内蒙古四子王旗大庙中新世的真角鹿一新种(英文)

描述了内蒙古四子王旗大庙中中新世化石地点(DM01)产出的真角鹿一新种:高枝真角鹿Euprox altus sp.nov.。新种具真正的角节,角节之上一定高度的两个分枝,长的角柄;牙齿低冠,上臼齿的前附尖和中附尖发育,新棱和齿带存在;p4的下后尖发育,下次凹存在;下臼齿具古鹿褶。这些特征可作为其归入真角鹿属Euprox的依据。Euprox altus最主要的特征是其分叉起始位置比属内其他种的高。分叉起始位置的标志是角基的突然变宽,它不同于分叉的位置,可作为一个新的鉴定特征。角冠表面纵向分布不均的沟棱、更低冠的牙齿、P4原尖后棱上的脊、p4不明显的下前凹和不是很发育的下三角凹、下臼齿上发育较弱的古鹿褶等特征都是新种区别于属内其他种的重要特征。Euprox altus所指示的可能是温暖湿润的生活环境,与大庙现在干旱、恶劣的景象截然不同。