添加扩增内标的沙门氏菌PCR检测方法

通过构建人工扩增内标,建立可以有效指示沙门氏菌检测过程可能出现假阴性情况的PCR检测方法。本研究基于沙门氏菌invA基因设计特异性引物,复合法构建扩增内标,建立PCR检测体系。特异性引物LW,对33株沙门氏菌和6株非沙门氏菌标准株进行检测,结果显示,所有沙门氏菌均扩增出385 bp的目标片段,非沙门氏菌则只能扩增出484 bp的扩增内标片段,特异性良好。灵敏度实验表明,该检测体系的灵敏度可达6.35 fg/μL。人工污染实验表明,起始染菌量为3.2 CFU/25 mL时,仅需8h增菌培养便可检出。大量食品样品检测证明,该检测体系确实可以有效的避免PCR检测过程出现的假阴性,提高检测准确性。     

扩增内标在沙门氏菌PCR检测方法中的应用

在PCR反应体系中添加了一条人工构建的扩增内标片段,以指示沙门氏菌PCR快速检测中出现的假阴性。对9株沙门氏菌和15株非沙门氏菌进行PCR检测,结果显示所有沙门氏菌都能扩增到一条invA基因中的374bp特异性片段,而模板来源于非沙门氏菌时则只能扩增到一条513bp扩增内标片段。灵敏度试验显示,该PCR检测体系对猪霍乱沙门氏菌纯DNA模板的检测灵敏度为12．8fg／μL,如果将增菌时间确定为8h,则该检测体系对人工染菌牛乳中沙门氏菌的检测灵敏度可以达到起始浓度为8cfu／25mL。采用上述方法检测了80份污染严重的样品,证实此方法可以有效地排除假阴性,提高检测准确率。     

扩增内标在沙门氏菌PCR检测方法中的应用*

在PCR反应体系中添加了一条人工构建的扩增内标片段,以指示沙门氏菌PCR快速检测中出现的假阴性。对9株沙门氏菌和15株非沙门氏菌进行PCR检测,结果显示所有沙门氏菌都能扩增到一条invA基因中的374bp特异性片段,而模板来源于非沙门氏菌时则只能扩增到一条513bp扩增内标片段。灵敏度试验显示,该PCR检测体系对猪霍乱沙门氏菌纯DNA模板的检测灵敏度为12·8fg/μL,如果将增菌时间确定为8h,则该检测体系对人工染菌牛乳中沙门氏菌的检测灵敏度可以达到起始浓度为8cfu/25mL。采用上述方法检测了80份     

添加有扩增内标的副溶血弧菌PCR检测方法的建立

摘要：【目的】发掘副溶血弧菌特异性更强的检测靶点,并人工构建扩增内标,建立可以有效避免假阴性的新PCR检测体系。【方法】利用生物信息学方法,从副溶血弧菌（Vibrio parahaemolyticus）基因组DNA中发掘特异性很高的序列,并设计相应的特异性引物,人工构建扩增内标,建立PCR检测体系。【结果】本研究发掘得到的序列vp1332特异性很强,经检索,该序列是编码ABC转运子接合蛋白组分的基因片段,根据此序列设计一对特异检测引物（vp1332L/vp1332R）,同时,构建了扩增内标,并建立了PCR检测体系。利用该体系对296株副溶血弧菌和33株非副溶血弧菌进行检测,结果显示,所有以副溶血弧菌为模板的PCR反应均可扩增到一条343 bp的特异片段,而模板来源于非副溶血弧菌的则只能扩增到一条499 bp的扩增内标片段。灵敏度实验表明,该PCR反应体系的检测灵敏度为1.6×102 cfu/mL。人工污染实验表明,起始染菌量为1.24 cfu/25 g样品时经8 h增菌,即可检测到副溶血弧菌。实际样品检测结果也证实该方法的有效性。【结论】本研究建立的PCR反应体系能特异地检测副溶血弧菌,并可有效地排除假阴性,提高检测准确率。     

添加有扩增内标的副溶血弧菌PCR检测方法

【目的】发掘副溶血弧菌特异性更强的检测靶点,并人工构建扩增内标,建立可以有效避免假阴性的新PCR检测体系。【方法】利用生物信息学方法,从副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)基因组DNA中发掘特异性很高的序列,并设计相应的特异性引物,人工构建扩增内标,建立PCR检测体系。【结果】本研究发掘得到的序列vp1332特异性很强,经检索,该序列是编码ABC转运子接合蛋白组分的基因片段,根据此序列设计一对特异检测引物(vp1332L/vp1332R),同时,构建了扩增内标,并建立了PCR检测体系。利用该体系对296株副溶血弧菌和33株非副溶血弧菌进行检测,结果显示,所有以副溶血弧菌为模板的PCR反应均可扩增到一条343bp的特异片段,而模板来源于非副溶血弧菌的则只能扩增到一条499bp的扩增内标片段。灵敏度实验表明,该PCR反应体系的检测灵敏度为1.6×102cfu/mL。人工污染实验表明,起始染菌量为1.24cfu/25g样品时经8h增菌,即可检测到副溶血弧菌。实际样品检测结果也证实该方法的有效性。【结论】本研究建立的PCR反应体系能特异地检测副溶血弧菌,并可有效地排除假阴性,提高检测准确率。     

EvaGreen实时荧光定量PCR检测猪圆环病毒2型方法的建立

根据GenBank中的猪圆环病毒2型(PCV2)ORF4基因序列设计一对特异性引物,通过常规PCR扩增PCV2的ORF4基因,并将其纯化的PCR产物克隆入pMD18-T载体中,构建重组质粒。应用该重组质粒进行EvaGreen实时荧光定量PCR,建立了PCV2 DNA的标准曲线,并进行熔解曲线分析。结果显示:建立的EvaGreen实时荧光定量PCR特异性强,与其他非靶标病毒基因不发生交叉反应;灵敏度高,最高可检测到10拷贝/μL的病毒量;重复性好,3个浓度的批间和批内的变异系数均小于2.5%;对118份临床样品进行检测,阳性样品25份,阳性率为21.2%,检测结果与普通PCR相符率为99.2%,其中一份样品经荧光PCR检测为PCV2阳性,普通PCR检测为阴性。结果表明,建立的EvaGreen实时荧光定量PCR方法具有特异性强、敏感度高、重复性好、简便快捷等特点,可用于临床PCV2感染的早期诊断以及分子流行病学调查。     

扩增内标及其在食源性致病菌PCR检测中的应用

虽然PCR技术不断地得到了发展和改进,但检测结果容易出现假阴性而影响检测准确性的现象一直没有得到很好的解决。现在大多数学者普遍认为,在PCR体系中加入扩增内标(即一段人工构建合成的DNA序列或者是一段致病菌的看家基因序列)能有效指示假阴性现象的出现,是PCR检测技术标准化的措施之一。本文将从PCR检测方法中假阴性出现的原因、扩增内标的构建以及扩增内标在PCR检测方面的应用三方面进行综合评述,并结合本实验室的工作基础,介绍扩增内标的简捷构建过程和应用要点,希望在不影响检测灵敏度的前提下,发挥扩增内标对假阴性的指示作用。     

沙门氏菌荧光实时定量PCR检测试剂的研制及应用

荧光实时定量PCR技术是近年来广泛应用于沙门氏菌快速检测的现代方法之一,本研究建立了检测沙门氏菌快速、敏感、特异以及准确定量的FQ-PCR方法。采用沙门氏菌fimY基因序列,设计特异引物和探针,通过对Taq酶、Mg2 和引物探针浓度等反应体系和条件的优化,然后进行特异性和适用性实验。最优化结果为:Taq酶用量2.5U;Mg2 浓度为3.75×10-3mol/L;引物浓度为0.65×10-6mol/L,探针浓度为0.30×10-6mol/L;循环条件为step1:95℃2min,step2:95℃5s,60℃40s,40cycles。结果表明该FQ-PCR检测试剂具有快速、简单、灵敏度高、特异性强和适用范围广等优点,可应用于食品卫生监管、商品检验检疫以及临床诊断等领域。     

快速检测伪狂犬病毒荧光定量PCR技术建立及应用

以伪狂犬病毒(PRV)保守的gE基因序列为参考,设计、优化出一对特异的PCR引物和一条TaqMan荧光探针,结合RotorGene检测系统,建立一种快速定量检测伪狂犬病毒的荧光定量PCR技术。该方法线形范围为1.0×102-1.0×107拷贝/μL,灵敏度达102拷贝/μLDNA,比常规PCR高10倍。检测的特异性明显高于常规PCR,同时避免了常规PCR因电泳造成的污染。应用该技术检测66例猪组织或鼻咽拭子样品,阳性42份,阳性检出率为63.6%(42/66)。与病毒分离培养、常规PCR相比较结果显示,该方法具有快速、灵敏、特异、重复性好和能定量检测等优点,该方法可用于猪场PRV感染的快速定量检测和肉类食品进出口检疫。     

快速检测伪狂犬病毒荧光定量PCR技术建立及应用

以伪狂犬病毒(PRV)保守的gE基因序列为参考,设计、优化出一对特异的PCR引物和一条TaqMan荧光探针,结合RotorGene检测系统,建立一种快速定量检测伪狂犬病毒的荧光定量PCR技术.该方法线形范围为1.0×102-1.0×107拷贝/μL,灵敏度达102拷贝/μLDNA,比常规PCR高10倍.检测的特异性明显高于常规PCR,同时避免了常规PCR因电泳造成的污染.应用该技术检测66例猪组织或鼻咽拭子样品,阳性42份,阳性检出率为63.6%(42/66).与病毒分离培养、常规PCR相比较结果显示,该方法具有快速、灵敏、特异、重复性好和能定量检测等优点,该方法可用于猪场PRV感染的快速定量检测和肉类食品进出口检疫.     

A molecular beacon-based real-time NASBA assay for detection of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in water and milk

A molecular beacon-based real-time NASBA assay for detection and identification of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis has been developed. It targets and amplifies sequences from the dnaA gene which are specific for this bacterium. The assay includes an internal amplification control, to allow identification of inhibited reactions. The assay was tested against 18 isolates of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis, 17 other mycobacterial strains and 25 non-mycobacterial strains, and was fully selective in that it detected all the targets but none of the non-targets. The lowest number of cells which the assay can detect with 99% probability is 150-200 cells per reaction (as determined using pure culture suspensions). Using centrifugation and nucleic acid extraction as sample treatment, the assay was able to consistently detect 10(3) M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis cells in 20 ml artificially contaminated drinking water. With a simple detergent and enzymatic sample pretreatment before centrifugation and nucleic acid extraction, the assay was able to consistently detect 10(4) M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis cells in 20 ml artificially contaminated semi-skimmed milk. The assay will be a useful addition to the range of diagnostic tools available for the study of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis.     

Adding a selective enrichment step to the iQ-Check real-time PCR improves the detection of Salmonella in naturally contaminated retail turkey meat products

AIMS: The aim of this study was to compare the real-time iQ-Check Salmonella kit (Bio-Rad) with the immunocapture assay RapidCheck Salmonella method, and a conventional culture method (FSIS, USDA) in detecting Salmonella in naturally contaminated turkey meat products. This study was also designed to determine if a selective enrichment step might improve the real-time detection of Salmonella. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using the culture method, Salmonella was recovered from 49 out of 99 retail turkey meat samples collected. RapidCheck failed to detect 11 Salmonella samples that were positive by the culture method. The iQ-Check real-time PCR also failed to detect three samples that were positive by the culture method. However, when carried out after a selective enrichment step, the iQ-Check real-time PCR detected all 49 Salmonella samples recovered by the culture method. The iQ-Check real-time PCR detected the presence of Salmonella in some samples that were not recovered by the culture method. CONCLUSIONS: Adding a selective enrichment step to the iQ-Check real-time PCR improves the detection of Salmonella in naturally contaminated turkey meat samples. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The iQ-Check Salmonella real-time PCR can be used as a rapid method to monitor Salmonella in turkey meat, together with conventional culture methodology.     

Nested real-time PCR for hepatitis A detection

Aims:  The hepatitis A virus (HAV) is one of the most important human foodborne pathogens causing a number of worldwide outbreaks each year. The detection of HAV in food samples remains a complex issue, because commonly used detection tools, such as conventional or even real-time PCR assays, are often unable to detect HAV with sufficient sensitivity. The aims of this study were to develop highly sensitive and specific nested real-time PCR (NRT-PCR)-based method for HAV detection in food and to compare it with currently available methods.
Methods and Results:  By combining conventional PCR, nested PCR and real-time PCR techniques, we have developed a specific NRT-PCR assay for the detection of HAV. The procedure involves two consecutive PCRs, the first of which is performed as a conventional RT-PCR using primers specific for HAV 5' noncoding region. The second reaction involves a real-time PCR using a nested primer pair specific for the first PCR product and a TaqMan probe.
Conclusions:  We have developed a novel NRT-PCR method capable of detecting as little as 0·2 PFU of HAV, which is significantly more sensitive than any other PCR technique tested in our system.
Significance and Impact of the Study:  NRT-PCR provides a potentially useful method for detecting HAV at extremely low levels, as frequently found in food samples, and can be potentially adopted as a regulatory method to ensure food safety.     

Real-time PCR method for Salmonella spp. targeting the stn gene

AIM: To develop a real-time PCR assay for Salmonella spp. targeting the stn gene. METHODS AND RESULTS: The presence of stn in the Salmonella bongori genome was found by a BLAST with Salmonella enterica stn sequence. Manual alignment of stn sequences showed that Salm. bongori had 88% sequence identity with Salm. enterica. Two primers (stnL-433 and stnR-561) and a probe (stnP-452) were designed to target conserved regions in stn and meet the requirements of a 5'-nuclease assay. The primers and probe were evaluated against 353 isolates, including 255 Salm. enterica representing 158 serotypes, 14 Salm. bongori representing 12 serotypes and 84 non-Salmonella representing 56 species from 31 genera. All isolates were correctly identified, with the exception of three isolates of Citrobacter amalonaticus, which gave false positives. The limit of detection with cultured Salmonella was 3 CFU per reaction. CONCLUSIONS: The stn real-time PCR method had 100% inclusivity, 96.4% exclusivity and a level of detection of 3 CFU per reaction for cultured Salmonella spp. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The study showed that stn is present in Salm. bongori and is a valid target for both species of Salmonella. The Salmonella s tn real-time PCR is a useful method for identifying Salmonella spp.     

实时荧光重组酶聚合酶扩增技术(RPA)快速检测Ⅱ型鲤疱疹病毒

【背景】Ⅱ型鲤疱疹病毒(Cyprinid Herpesvirus 2,CyHV2)感染鲫引起的疱疹病毒性造血器官坏死病(Herpes Viral Haematopoietic Necrosis,HVHN)是鲫养殖业的主要病害,造成严重的经济损失。目前尚无治疗HVHN的有效药物。对CyHV2进行早期监测和有效防控是阻止该病暴发的有效手段。【目的】建立一种针对CyHV2的orf72基因的实时荧光重组酶聚合酶扩增技术(Recombinase Polymerase Amplification,RPA)检测方法,并评价其特异性和灵敏度。【方法】通过比较CyHV2五株毒株间orf72核苷酸序列,在保守区设计特异性引物和探针。设置5个反应温度,优化实时荧光RPA反应的条件。在最优的条件下验证实时荧光RPA检测方法在不同水产动物病毒间的特异性。以梯度稀释的CyHV2阳性DNA为模板比较实时荧光RPA与qPCR的灵敏度。【结果】实时荧光RPA能在37.8°C条件下20 min内快速准确地检测CyHV2病毒,而且种间特异性高,与其他病毒无交叉反应,反应灵敏度与qPCR相同。【结论】研究建立的实时荧光RPA...     

转基因棉花MON88701品系特异性实时荧光PCR检测方法的建立

【目的】建立转基因棉花MON88701品系特异性实时荧光聚合酶链反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)检测方法。【方法】利用实时荧光PCR技术,根据转基因棉花MON88701品系特异性序列设计引物和探针,建立转基因棉花MON88701实时荧光PCR检测方法,并测定本方法的灵敏度、特异性及可重复性。【结果】建立的检测方法特异于转基因棉花MON88701成分的检测,灵敏度测试表明其定量下限为34拷贝;重复性试验显示其相对标准偏差在可接受范围内。【结论】本研究建立的转基因棉花MON88701品系特异性实时荧光PCR检测方法具有良好的特异性和高灵敏度,适合对转基因棉花MON88701品系进行检测。     

基于免疫磁分离的三重荧光定量PCR检测食品中沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌

【目的】开发一种同时对食品中沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌快速、灵敏、准确的检测方法。【方法】利用特异性免疫磁球,在37°C条件下从250 m L猪肉增菌液体系中边富集边循环捕获目标菌。快速提取DNA后,利用特异性的引物与探针,对3种食源性致病菌进行三重荧光定量PCR检测。【结果】针对沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的检测限分别达到2.0、6.8和9.6 CFU/g。方法总体灵敏度、特异性和准确度达到99.2%、100%及99.5%。对151份实际样品进行检测,与国标(GB/T 4789.4-2010、GB 4789.5-2012和GB/T4789.10-2010)方法的检测结果相比,金黄色葡萄球菌有一例阴性偏差。【结论】开发的基于免疫磁分离的三重荧光定量PCR方法,能够在8 h内完成对食品中3种致病菌检测,并且灵敏度高、特异性好、检测准确,可以作为快速应对此类食品安全突发事件的检测手段。