术前新辅助放化疗联合全直肠系膜切除术治疗局部进展期直肠癌的疗效观察

目的:探讨应用术前新辅助放化疗和全直肠系膜切除术(TME)治疗局部进展期直肠癌的临床疗效。方法:选择2014年1月到2016年12月我院收治的80例中低位局部进展期直肠癌患者,按照随机数字表法分为实验组(n=40)和对照组(n=40)。实验组患者给予术前新辅助放化疗联合TME治疗,对照组患者仅给予TME治疗,两组患者均于术后给予辅助化疗4个疗程。比较两组患者治疗后的病理完全缓解率、病理降期情况、根治性切除率以及不良反应发生情况。结果:实验组患者的完全缓解率为22.50%(9/40),高于对照组的5.00%(2/40),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。实验组的降期率为91.89%(34/37),高于对照组的74.29%(26/35),差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组患者的根治性切除率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗期间,两组不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:术前新辅助放化疗联合TME治疗局部进展期直肠癌安全有效,病理降期情况良好,完全缓解率较高。     

Impact of Postoperative Chemoradiotherapy versus Chemotherapy Alone on Recurrence and Survival in Patients with Stage II and III Upper Rectal Cancer: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis

Purpose

To compare the impact of postoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) versus adjuvant chemotherapy alone on recurrence and survival in patients with stage II and III upper rectal cancer undergoing curative resection.

Materials and Methods

From our institutional database, 190 patients who underwent primary curative resection between 2003 and 2010 for stage II or III upper rectal cancer were identified. None of the patients received preoperative CRT. Of these, 136 patients received postoperative chemotherapy alone (the CTx group) and 54 patients received postoperative CRT (the CRT group). The CRT group had poorer prognostic features (pT4, pN2, poor differentiation, or involved resection margin) compared with the CTx group. To reduce the impact of treatment selection bias on treatment outcomes, propensity score-matching analysis was used.

Results

The matched cohort consisted of 50 CRT and 50 CTx patients with a median follow-up period of 76 and 63 months, respectively. In the matched cohort, CRT resulted in an improved 5-year local control (98.0% vs. 85.2%, p = 0.024) and overall survival rate (89.9% vs. 69.8%, p = 0.021) compared with CTx. In the subgroup analysis to identify subpopulations of patients that benefit most from receiving CRT, local recurrence did not occur in patients who did not have poor prognostic features regardless of the receipt of CRT. For patients with any poor prognostic features, CRT resulted in an improved 5-year local control compared with CTx (96.4% vs. 70.7%, p = 0.013).

Conclusions

After adjusting for clinicopathologic factors by propensity score-matching, postoperative CRT was associated with improved local control and overall survival in stage II and III upper rectal cancer. Our results suggest that surgery followed by chemotherapy alone is acceptable for patients who did not have poor prognostic features, while additional radiotherapy should be given for patients who have any poor prognostic features.     

Beyond Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis,BMI and Menopausal Status Are Prognostic Determinants for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Treated by Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy

BackgroundTriple-negative breast cancers (TNBC) are a specific subtype of breast cancers with a particularly poor prognosis. However, it is a very heterogeneous subgroup in terms of clinical behavior and sensitivity to systemic treatments. Thus, the identification of risk factors specifically associated with those tumors still represents a major challenge. A therapeutic strategy increasingly used for TNBC patients is neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Only a subset of patients achieves a pathologic complete response (pCR) after NAC and have a better outcome than patients with residual disease.PurposeThe aim of this study is to identify clinical factors associated with the metastatic-free survival in TNBC patients who received NAC.MethodsWe analyzed 326 cT1-3N1-3M0 patients with ductal infiltrating TNBC treated by NAC. The survival analysis was performed using a Cox proportional hazard model to determine clinical features associated with prognosis on the whole TNBC dataset. In addition, we built a recursive partitioning tree in order to identify additional clinical features associated with prognosis in specific subgroups of TNBC patients.ResultsWe identified the lymph node involvement after NAC as the only clinical feature significantly associated with a poor prognosis using a Cox multivariate model (HR = 3.89 [2.42–6.25], p<0.0001). Using our recursive partitioning tree, we were able to distinguish 5 subgroups of TNBC patients with different prognosis. For patients without lymph node involvement after NAC, obesity was significantly associated with a poor prognosis (HR = 2.64 [1.28–5.55]). As for patients with lymph node involvement after NAC, the pre-menopausal status in grade III tumors was associated with poor prognosis (HR = 9.68 [5.71–18.31]).ConclusionThis study demonstrates that axillary lymph node status after NAC is the major prognostic factor for triple-negative breast cancers. Moreover, we identified body mass index and menopausal status as two other promising prognostic factors in this breast cancer subgroup. Using these clinical factors, we were able to classify TNBC patients in 5 subgroups, for which pre-menopausal patients with grade III tumors and lymph node involvement after NAC have the worse prognosis.     

腹腔镜下行TME联合PANP手术治疗男性直肠癌的临床研究

目的:探讨腹腔镜下行直肠全系膜切除术(TME)联合保留骨盆自主神经的直肠癌根治术(PANP)手术治疗男性直肠癌的临床价值及手术技巧,为男性直肠癌的临床治疗提供更多的参考依据。方法:回顾性分析我院收治的81例男性直肠癌患者的临床资料,将其中41例采取腹腔镜下保留盆腔自主神经全直肠系膜切除术的患者设为观察组,将40例开腹下行保留盆腔自主神经全直肠系膜切除术患者设为对照组,比较两组患者的手术相关指标、肿瘤相关指标、性功能、排尿功能障碍及术后局部复发情况。结果:1观察组患者的术中出血量、术后肠功能恢复时间、术后恢复饮食时间和术后下床活动时间明显少于或短于对照组(P0.05),全程手术时间长于对照组(P0.05),两组术后并发症的发生率比较无显著性差异(P0.05);2术后,随访患者1年,观察组患者勃起功能障碍、射精功能和排尿功能障碍的发生率均明显低于对照组(P0.05);两组患者1年后局部复发率比较无明显差异(P0.05)。结论:腹腔镜下实施TME+PANP手术治疗男性直肠癌可在根治的基础上,降低对患者排尿和性功能的影响,值得在临床进一步推广。     

Prognostic Value of the Lymph Node Ratio in Stage III Gastric Cancer Patients Undergoing Radical Resection

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of metastatic lymph node ratio (LNR) in patients having radical resection for stage III gastric cancer.

Methods

A total of 365 patients with stage III gastric cancer who underwent radical resection between 2002 and 2008 at Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital were analyzed. The cut-point survival analysis was adopted to determine the appropriate cutoffs for LNR. Kaplan–Meier survival curves and log-rank tests were used for the survival analysis.

Results

By cut-point survival analysis, the LNR staging system was generated using 0.25 and 0.50 as the cutoff values. Pearson''s correlation test revealed that the LNR was related with metastatic lymph nodes but not related with total harvested lymph nodes. Cox regression analysis showed that depth of invasion and LNR were the independent predictors of survival (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in survival between each pN stages classified by the LNR staging, however no significant difference was found in survival rate between each LNR stages classified by the pN staging.

Conclusions

The LNR is an independent prognostic factor for survival in stage III gastric cancer and is superior to the pN category in TNM staging. It may be considered as a prognostic variable in future staging system.     

DNA Damage and Repair Biomarkers in Cervical Cancer Patients Treated with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: An Exploratory Analysis

Cervical cancer cells commonly harbour a defective G₁/S checkpoint owing to the interaction of viral oncoproteins with p53 and retinoblastoma protein. The activation of the G₂/M checkpoint may thus become essential for protecting cancer cells from genotoxic insults, such as chemotherapy. In 52 cervical cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, we investigated whether the levels of phosphorylated Wee1 (pWee1), a key G₂/M checkpoint kinase, and γ-H2AX, a marker of DNA double-strand breaks, discriminated between patients with a pathological complete response (pCR) and those with residual disease. We also tested the association between pWee1 and phosphorylated Chk1 (pChk1), a kinase acting upstream Wee1 in the G₂/M checkpoint pathway. pWee1, γ-H2AX and pChk1 were retrospectively assessed in diagnostic biopsies by immunohistochemistry. The degrees of pWee1 and pChk1 expression were defined using three different classification methods, i.e., staining intensity, Allred score, and a multiplicative score. γ-H2AX was analyzed both as continuous and categorical variable. Irrespective of the classification used, elevated levels of pWee1 and γ-H2AX were significantly associated with a lower rate of pCR. In univariate and multivariate analyses, pWee1 and γ-H2AX were both associated with reduced pCR. Internal validation conducted through a re-sampling without replacement procedure confirmed the robustness of the multivariate model. Finally, we found a significant association between pWee1 and pChk1. The message conveyed by the present analysis is that biomarkers of DNA damage and repair may predict the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in cervical cancer. Further studies are warranted to prospectively validate these encouraging findings.     

Impact of Lymph Node Ratio on the Survival of Patients with Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Population-Based Analysis

Objective

To analyze the impact of the lymph node ratio (LNR, ratio of metastatic to examined nodes) on the prognosis of hypopharyngeal cancer patients.

Methods

SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results)-registered hypopharyngeal cancer patients with lymph node metastasis were evaluated using multivariate Cox regression analysis to identify the prognostic role of the LNR. The categorical LNR was compared with the continuous LNR and pN classifications to predict cause-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) rates of hypopharyngeal cancer patients.

Results

Multivariate analysis of 916 pN+ hypopharyngeal cancer cases identified race, primary site, radiation sequence, T classification, N classification, M classification, the number of regional lymph nodes examined, the continuous LNR (Hazard ratio 2.415, 95% CI 1.707–3.416, P<0.001) and age as prognostic variables that were associated with CSS in hypopharyngeal cancer. The categorical LNR showed a higher C-index and lower Akaike information criterion (AIC) value than the continuous LNR. When patients (n = 1152) were classified into four risk groups according to LNR, R0 (LNR = 0), R1 (LNR ≤0.05), R2 (LNR 0.05–0.30) and R3 (LNR >0.30), the Cox regression model for CSS and OS using the R classification had a higher C-index value and lower AIC value than the model using the pN classification. Significant improvements in both CSS and OS were found for R2 and R3 patients with postoperative radiotherapy.

Conclusions

LNR is a significant prognostic factor for the survival of hypopharyngeal cancer patients. Using the cutoff points 0.05/0.30, the R classification was more accurate than the pN classification in predicting survival and can be used to select high risk patients for postoperative treatment.     

The Effect of Adjuvant Chemotherapy on Survival in Patients with Residual Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma after Undergoing Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy

Background

Guidelines from the U.S. National Comprehensive Cancer Network have recommended use of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), followed by a 3-cycles combination of platinum and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy as standard treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). The benefits of CCRT for treatment of locally advanced NPC have been established. Whether platinum and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy should be routinely added to locally advanced NPC after CCRT is still open to debate. Whether adjuvant chemotherapy provides an additional survival benefit for the subgroup of patients with residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma who have undergone CCRT is also unclear. This retrospective study was initiated to determine the survival benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) in residual NPC patients who have undergone concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Methods

The retrospective study included 155 nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients who had local residual lesions after the platinum-based CCRT without or with AC. Kaplan-Meier analysis and the log-rank test were used to estimate overall survival (OS), failure-free survival (FFS), local relapse-free survival (LRFS) and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS).

Results

Median follow-up was 47 months. Adjuvant cisplatin or nedaplatin plus 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy did not significantly improve 3-year OS, LRFS, FFS, and DMFS for patients with residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma after undergoing CCRT. The 3-year OS rates for the no-AC group and AC group were 71.6% and 73.7%, respectively (P= 0.44). The 3-year FFS rates for no-AC group and AC group were 57.5% and 66.9%, respectively ((P= 0.19). The 3-year LRFS rates for no-AC group and AC group were 84.7% and 87.9%, respectively ((P= 0.51). The 3-year DMFS rates for no-AC group and AC group were 71.4% and 77.4%, respectively ((P= 0.23).

Conclusions

Since we did not find sufficient data to support significant survival in 3-year OS, LRFS, FFS, and DMFS, whether Adjuvant cisplatin or nedaplatin and 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy should be routinely added to residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients after undergoing CCRT remain uncertain.     

Association between Lymph Node Ratio and Disease Specific Survival in Breast Cancer Patients with One or Two Positive Lymph Nodes Stratified by Different Local Treatment Modalities

Purpose

Results of the American College of Surgeons Oncology Group (ACOSOG) Z0011 trial indicated that complete axillary node dissection (ALND) may not be warranted in some breast cancer patients with low tumor burden who are undergoing breast-conserving surgery following whole-breast irradiation. However, this study did not address patients undergoing mastectomy or those undergoing breast-conserving surgery without whole-breast radiotherapy. Given that lymph node ratio (LNR; ratio of positive lymph nodes to the total number removed) has been shown to be a prognostic factor in breast cancer, we first sought to determine the prognostic value of LNR in a low risk population comparable to that of the Z0011 trial and further to investigate whether the prognostic significance differs with local treatment modality.

Method

We used the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database to identify breast cancer patients with T1-T2 tumor and 1–2 positive nodes. Patients were subclassified by the local therapy they underwent for the primary tumor. The prognostic value of LNR in predicting disease-specific survival (DSS) was examined in each treatment group.

Results

A total of 53,109 patients were included. In the subgroup of 20,602 patients who underwent lumpectomy following radiotherapy, LNR was not found to be significantly associated with DSS in both the univariate and multivariate model. For the 4,664 patients treated with mastectomy following radiotherapy, 6,811 treated with lumpectomy without radiotherapy and 21,031 with mastectomy without radiotherapy, LNR independently predict DSS in each of these subgroups.

Conclusions

Our results add evidence to the concept that axillary dissection could be omitted in patients with one or two positive nodes following breast-conserving surgery and whole breast radiation.     

The Predictive Value of Serum Squamous Cell Carcinoma Antigen in Patients with Cervical Cancer Who Receive Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy followed by Radical Surgery: A Single-Institute Study

Objective

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) could affect the levels of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag). This study evaluates the predictive value of pre- and posttreatment SCC-Ag levels in patients with cervical cancer who were treated with NACT followed by radical surgery.

Methods

A total of 286 patients with Stage IB1-IIIB squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix who were treated with NACT followed by radical hysterectomy were analyzed retrospectively. The relationship between SCC-Ag levels, the clinicopathologic parameters, the response to NACT and the three-year survival rate was investigated.

Results

The levels of SCC-Ag were elevated (>3.5 ng/mL) in 43.8% of patients before NACT, and 13.0% of patients after NACT. Pre- and posttreatment levels of SCC-Ag correlated with the response to NACT (P = 0.010, and P<0.001), deep stromal infiltration (P = 0.041, and P = 0.006), and lymph node status (P<0.001, and P<0.001). In the multivariate analysis, the elevated pretreatment level of SCC-Ag was demonstrated to be an independent risk factor for Lymph node metastases (P<0.001). Patients with both pre- and posttreatment SCC-Ag levels ≤3.5 ng/mL showed the best 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) and 3-year overall survival (OS) compared with patients with either pre- or posttreatment levels >3.5 ng/mL (P<0.001, and P<0.001, respectively). A multivariate analysis showed that posttreatment SCC-Ag levels were a strong independent predictor of OS (P = 0.001) and DFS (P = 0.012).

Conclusion

Elevated pretreatment levels of SCC-Ag (>3.5 ng/mL) indicated a poor response to NACT and a higher risk of lymph node metastases. Elevated posttreatment levels of SCC-Ag were correlated with poor DFS and OS.     

Effect of Implant vs. Tissue Reconstruction on Cancer Specific Survival Varies by Axillary Lymph Node Status in Breast Cancer Patients

BackgroundTo compare the breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) between patients who underwent tissue or implant reconstruction after mastectomy.MethodWe used the database from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registries and compared the BCSS between patients who underwent tissue and implant reconstruction after mastectomy. Cox-regression models were fitted, adjusting for known clinicopathological features. The interaction between the reconstruction types (tissue/implant) and nodal status (N-stage) was investigated.ResultsA total of 6,426 patients with a median age of 50 years were included. With a median follow up of 100 months, the 10-year cumulative BCSS and non-BCSS were 85.1% and 95.4%, respectively. Patients who underwent tissue reconstruction had tumors with a higher T-stage, N-stage, and tumor grade and tended to be ER/PR-negative compared to those who received implant reconstruction. In univariate analysis, implant-reconstruction was associated with a 2.4% increase (P = 0.003) in the BCSS compared with tissue-reconstruction. After adjusting for significant risk factors of the BCSS (suggested by univariate analysis) and stratifying based on the N-stage, there was only an association between the reconstruction type and the BCSS for the N2-3 patients (10-year BCSS of implant vs. tissue-reconstruction: 68.7% and 59.0%, P = 0.004). The 10-year BCSS rates of implant vs. tissue-reconstruction were 91.7% and 91.8% in N0 patients (P>0.05) and 84.5% and 84.4% in N1 patients (P>0.05), respectively.ConclusionsThe implant (vs. tissue) reconstruction after mastectomy was associated with an improved BCSS in N2-3 breast cancer patients but not in N0-1 patients. A well-designed, prospective study is needed to further confirm these findings.     

VEGF—C、CD24在肺癌组织的表达及其与淋巴结转移及预后的关系

目的：探讨内皮生长因子一C（vascularendothelialgrowthfactor-C,VEGF-C）、黏附分子CD24在肺癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法：采用RT-PCR和免疫组化方法检测138例原发性肺癌患者肿瘤组织及癌旁组织中VEGF-C、CD24的表达水平。结果：肺癌组织中VEGF-C、CD24mRNA及蛋白的表达均高于癌旁组织（P〈0．05）,两者在肺癌组织中的表达明显正相关（P〈O．05）;有淋巴结转移组中vEGF-C、CD24mRNA及蛋白的阳性表达量均高于无淋巴结转移组（P〈0．05）;VEGF—C、CD24表达与淋巴结转移、肿瘤TNM分期等临床病理特征间有明显相关性（P〈0．05）;VEGF—C、CD24蛋白表达与IIIA期患者的短期预后有关,两者的mRNA水平与无病生存时间呈负相关。结论：VEGF-C、CD24在肺癌组织中均异常表达,可作为肺癌诊断的辅助标志物。     

新辅助化疗对局部晚期非小细胞肺癌患者术后生存质量的影响

目的:探讨新辅助化疗对局部晚期非小细胞肺癌患者术后生存质量的影响。方法:选取2011年5月至2012年5月于本院胸腔外科接受治疗的ⅢA~ⅢB期非小细胞肺癌患者240例并将其随机分成2组,即新辅助化疗组(A组)和单纯手术组(B组),每组120例。A组患者在临床确诊后接受2个周期的新辅助化疗,化疗结束2~3周后接受手术治疗;对照组患者临床确诊后直接行手术治疗。术后,两组患者均给予4周期常规放化疗。采用QLQ-C30量表对两组患者术前与术后第1、3、6个月的生存质量进行评估,并比较两组患者生存质量评分的差异。结果:术后1、3、6个月时,两组患者的各项功能分值均较术前显著升高(P0.05);术后第3、6个月,患者的总体健康状况得分较术前显著升高(P0.05);术后1个月时,A组患者的呼吸困难评分较术前明显增加(P0.05),术后第3个月后,该分值与术前比较无显著性差异;术后第1、3个月时,两组患者的疼痛评分均较术前明显升高(P0.05),但第6个月时,该评分与术前无显著性差异;术后第6个月时,两组患者的疲乏得分较术前明显降低(P0.05);术后第1、3、6个月时,两组患者的经济困难评分明显较术前升高(P0.05)。术后1、3、6个月时,A组患者的总体状况得分均显著高于B组(P0.05),呼吸困难评分和疲乏评分明显低于B组(P0.05),经济困难评分均显著高于B组(P0.05)。结论:新辅助化疗可以提高局部晚期非小细胞肺癌患者术后半年内的生存质量。     

Comparison of the Prognostic Value of F-18 Pet Metabolic Parameters of Primary Tumors and Regional Lymph Nodes in Patients with Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer Who Are Treated with Concurrent Chemoradiotherapy

Objective

This study investigated the metabolic parameters of primary tumors and regional lymph nodes, as measured by pre-treatment F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (F-18 FDG PET/CT) to compare the prognostic value for the prediction of tumor recurrence. This study also identified the most powerful parameter in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Methods

Fifty-six patients who were diagnosed with cervical cancer with pelvic and/or paraaortic lymph node metastasis were enrolled in this study. Metabolic parameters including the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax), the metabolic tumor volume (MTV), and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) of the primary tumors and lymph nodes were measured by pre-treatment F-18 FDG PET/CT. Univariate and multivariate analyses for disease-free survival (DFS) were performed using the clinical and metabolic parameters.

Results

The metabolic parameters of the primary tumors were not associated with DFS. However, DFS was significantly longer in patients with low values of nodal metabolic parameters than in those with high values of nodal metabolic parameters. A univariate analysis revealed that nodal metabolic parameters (SUVmax, MTV and TLG), paraaortic lymph node metastasis, and post-treatment response correlated significantly with DFS. Among these parameters, nodal SUVmax (hazard ratio [HR], 4.158; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.1–22.7; p = 0.041) and post-treatment response (HR, 7.162; 95% CI, 1.5–11.3; p = 0.007) were found to be determinants of DFS according to a multivariate analysis. Only nodal SUVmax was an independent pre-treatment prognostic factor for DFS, and the optimal cutoff for nodal SUVmax to predict progression was 4.7.

Conclusion

Nodal SUVmax according to pre-treatment F-18 FDG PET/CT may be a prognostic biomarker for the prediction of disease recurrence in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer.     

Impact of Etiology on the Outcomes in Heart Failure Patients Treated with Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy: A Meta-Analysis

Background

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has been extensively demonstrated to benefit heart failure patients, but the role of underlying heart failure etiology in the outcomes was not consistently proven. This meta-analysis aimed to determine whether efficacy and effectiveness of CRT is affected by underlying heart failure etiology.

Methods and Results

Searches of MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases were conducted to identify RCTs and observational studies that reported clinical and functional outcomes of CRT in ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) patients. Efficacy of CRT was assessed in 7 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 7072 patients and effectiveness of CRT was evaluated in 14 observational studies with 3463 patients In the pooled analysis of RCTs, we found that CRT decreased mortality or heart failure hospitalization by 29% in ICM patients (95% confidence interval [CI], 21% to 35%), and by 28% (95% CI, 18% to 37%) in NICM patients. No significant difference was observed between the 2 etiology groups (P = 0.55). In the pooled analysis of observational studies, however, we found that ICM patients had a 54% greater risk for mortality or HF hospitalization than NICM patients (relative risk: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.30–1.83; P<0.001). Both RCTs and observational studies demonstrated that NICM patients had greater echocardiographic improvements in the left ventricular ejection fraction and end-systolic volume, as compared with ICM patients (both P<0.001).

Conclusion

CRT might reduce mortality or heart failure hospitalization in both ICM and NICM patients similarly. The improvement of the left ventricular function and remodeling is greater in NICM patients.     

两孔、三孔胸腔镜与传统开胸手术肺叶切除联合系统性淋巴结清扫手术治疗肺癌的疗效观察

目的:探讨两孔、三孔胸腔镜与传统肺叶切除联合系统性淋巴结清扫手术治疗肺癌的临床效果。方法:选择2015年1月~2016年1月在我院接受肺叶切除的肺癌患者110例,根据VATS肺叶切除技术不同将其分为A(48人)、B(62人)两组,另选取2008-2010在我院接受传统后外侧开胸肺叶切除患者49例作为C组,比较3组手术时间、出血量、输血量、清扫淋巴结数和站数、胸腔引流时间、术后前3天引流量、术后住院时间及并发症发生情况等。结果:(1)三组患者手术时间和前三天总引流量无统计学意义(P0.05),而输血量、出血量、胸管留置时间以及术后住院时间差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05),且A组患者各项参数均明显优于B、C组;(2)三组在淋巴结清扫数和清扫站数、N2淋巴结清扫数和清扫站数、淋巴结分期情况差异均无统计学意义(P0.05);(3)N1和N2期患者中,A组患者的住院时间最短、出血量最小,三组患者差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),其他各项如手术时间、术后3天总引流量、清扫淋巴结数和站数、病理阳性淋巴结数和站数差异均无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:两孔胸腔镜肺叶切除及系统性淋巴结清扫手术对于肺癌患者的治疗效果与三孔法同样安全有效,并且能相对减少降低机体损伤,便于患者术后恢复。     

检测pT_(1-4a)N_(1-3)M_0期胃癌淋巴结微转移检测的临床意义

目的:探讨胃癌淋巴结微转移及临床病理因素对p T1-4aN1-3M0期胃癌患者术后5年无瘤生存率的影响。方法:选取我院2009年1月至12月期间胃肠外科单一手术组行D2胃癌根治术p T1-4aN1-3M0期患者63例1427枚HE染色阴性淋巴结,应用免疫组化法检测这些淋巴结中CK19表达,观察微转移的情况并分析发生微转移的胃癌患者临床病理特征及对患者5年无瘤生存率的影响。结果:临床病理分期p T1-4aN1-3M0胃癌患者中,经免疫组化染色,1427枚HE常规染色阴性淋巴结中CK19阳性表达率为15.49%(221/1427);63例胃癌患者中CK19表达阳性率39.68%(25/63);术后随访时间5.6~68.5月(平均时间43.88月),淋巴结中CK19阴性表达、阳性表达患者的总5年生存率分别为52.63%、28.00%;两者无瘤生存率差异有统计学意义(x2=8.677,P=0.003)。淋巴结CK19阳性表达与胃癌患者的肿瘤直径(P0.05)、浸润胃壁深度(P0.05)有关。COX生存回归分析显示淋巴结微转移为独立预后因素。25例患者发现淋巴结微转移并推荐再分期,再分期率39.68%(25/63)。结论:p T1-4aN1-3M0期胃癌病人,CK-19免疫组化法染色能检出常规HE染色阴性淋巴结中的微转移,有助于细化分期、判断预后及指导治疗。     

前哨淋巴结活检术联合保乳治疗对早期乳腺癌患者临床疗效、术后并发症及肩关节功能的影响

目的:探讨前哨淋巴结活检术联合保乳治疗对早期乳腺癌患者临床疗效、术后并发症及肩关节功能的影响。方法:选取2014年10月至2017年2月就诊于我院的乳腺癌患者,按照患者手术方式分为联合组与对照组,其中联合组行前哨淋巴结活检手术联合保乳治疗,对照组行传统腋窝淋巴结清扫术治疗,每组各选取50例,随访时间为6个月。比较两组手术情况、并发症、乳腺美容效果及肩关节功能情况。结果:联合组手术时间、总出血量、引流管拔除时间、总引流量均明显低于对照组(P0.05)。手术治疗后,联合组并发症比例为6%,明显低于对照组38%。术后,两组患者随访6个月,联合组乳腺美容效果明显高于对照组(P0.05)。术前,两组肩关节功能各指标水平比较差异不显著(P0.05);术后,两组肩关节屈曲活动度、外旋活动度、后伸活动度、外展活动度相较于术前均明显降低(P0.05),联合组内旋活动度相较于术前降低不显著(P0.05),而对照组内旋活动度相较于术前降低显著(P0.05)。术后,联合组肩关节屈曲活动度、外旋活动度、内旋活动度、后伸活动度、外展活动度均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:前哨淋巴结活检术联合保乳治疗早期乳腺癌创伤小,美容效果明显,可显著降低术后并发症发生率并减轻对患者肩关节功能的损害,远期疗效仍有待于进一步随访观察。