药用植物灯笼草的化学成分研究

从药用植物灯笼草(Clinopvdium polycephalum)中分离鉴定了5个化合物。其中主要成分为乌索酸(ursolic acid,Ⅰ),其余4个分别鉴定为:异樱花素(isosakuranetin.Ⅱ),香蜂草甙(didymin,Ⅲ),6'-十六碳酸酯基-α-菠甾醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖甙(6’-Palmityl-α-spinasteryl-3-O-β-D-glucoside,Ⅳ a)和十八碳酸酯基-α-波甾醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖甙(6’-stearyl-α-spinasteryl-3-O-β-D-glucoside,Ⅳ b)。上述化合物在该植物中均为首次报道。     

南海疏枝刺柳珊瑚中甾醇类化合物的研究

本文对采自海南三亚海域的疏枝刺柳珊瑚(Echinogorgia pseudossapo)化学成分进行研究,分离到11个甾醇类化合物。经波谱数据分析,分别鉴定为cholest-5-en-3β-ol(1),24-methylene-cholest-4-ene-3β,6β-diol(2),24-norcholesta-22-en-3β-ol(3),acanthovagasteroid A(4),calicoferol E(5),calicoferol F(6),6-hydroxy-cholest-4-ene-3-one(7),echinoflorasterol(8),echissaposterol(9),24-methylcholest-5-en-3β,7α-diol(10)和24-methylcholest-5,22(E)-dien-3β,7α-diol(11)。除化合物8外,其余化合物均首次从该种海洋动物中分离得到。     

北风菌中的甾体和甾体苷类化合物

从口蘑科真菌北风菌(Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.:Fr.) Kummer)的乙酸乙酯部分分离鉴定了12个甾体类化合物,其中包括8个麦角甾醇类甾体及4个甾体苷.利用现代波谱技术及化学方法,鉴定了一个新化合物3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-22E, 24R-ergosta-7, 22-diene-5α, 6β, 9α-triol.其余11个已知化合物分别为22E, 24R-ergosta-7, 22-diene-3β, 5α, 6β, 9α-tetraol、 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-22E, 24R-ergosta-7, 22-diene-5α, 6β-diol、 22E, 24R-ergosta-7, 22-diene-3β, 5α, 6β-triol、 22E, 24R-ergosta-5, 7, 22-trien-3β-ol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside、 ergosterol、 22E, 24R-ergosta-7, 22-dien-3β-ol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside、 22E, 24R-ergosta-7, 22-diene-3β-ol、 22E, 24R-ergosta-4, 6, 8, 22-tetraen-3-one、 22E, 24R-ergosta-7, 22-diene-3β, 5α, 6α-triol、 ergosterol peroxide 和22E, 24R-ergosta-7, 22-diene-3β, 5α-diol-6-one.     

合欢花化学成分的研究(Ⅱ)

从合欢花甲醇提取物的石油醚和乙酸乙酯部分分离得到7个化合物,经化学方法和波谱法鉴定为：二十四烷酸（1）、二十八烷醇（2）、α-菠甾醇（3）、山奈酚（4）、槲皮素（5）、α-菠甾醇-3-O-β-D葡萄糖苷（6）、山奈酚-3-O-α-L鼠李糖苷（7）.除二十四烷酸以外,以上化合物均为首次从该植物中获得.     

北风菌中的甾体和甾体苷类化合物

摘要：从口蘑科真菌北风菌(Pleurotus ostreatus(Jacq．：Fr．)Kummer)的乙酸乙酯部分分离鉴定了12个甾体类化合物,其中包括8个麦角甾醇类甾体及4个甾体苷。利用现代波谱技术及化学方法,鉴定了一个新化合物3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-22E, 24R-ergosta-7, 22-diene-5a, 613, 9α-triolo 其余11个已知化合物分别为22E,24R-ergosta-7, 22-di-ene-3β, 5a, 6β3, 9α-tetraol, 3-O-β-D-glueopyranosyl-22E, 24R-ergosta-7, 22-diene-5α, 6β-diol、22E, 24R-ergosta-7, 22-di-ene-3β, 5α, 6β-triol, 22E, 24R-ergosta-5, 7, 22-tfien-3β-ol 3-O-β-D-glueopyranoside, ergosterol, 22E, 24R-ergosta-7, 22-dien-3β-ol 3-O-β -D-glueopyranoside, 22E, 24R-ergosta-7, 22-diene-3β-ol、 22E, 24R-ergosta-4, 6, 8, 22-tetraen-3-one、22E, 24R-ergosta-7, 22-diene-313, 5ct, 6a-tfiol, ergosterol peroxide 和 22E, 24R-ergosta-7, 22-diene-3β, 5α-diol-6-oneo     

万年蒿中两个新贝壳杉烷型二萜的分离与结构测定

自菊科蒿属植物万年蒿(Artemisia sacrorum Ledeb.)地上部分首次分得3个单体化合物(两个贝壳杉烷型二萜和一个酸性化合物),经理化常数测定及光谱分析(UV,IR,~1H-NMR,~(13)C-NMR,MS)鉴定其结构分别为3α,16α-二羟基贝壳杉烷-200-O-β-D-葡萄糖甙(Ⅰ)(3α,16α-dihydroxykaurane-20-O-β-D-glucoside(Ⅰ)),3α,6α-二羟基贝壳杉烷-19-O-β-D-葡萄糖甙(Ⅱ)(3α,16α-dihydroxykaurane-19-O-β-D-glucoside(Ⅱ))和1,4-二咖啡酰奎宁酸(Ⅲ)(1,4-dicaffeylquinic acid(Ⅲ))。(Ⅰ)和(Ⅱ)为两个未见报道的新化合物。     

飞蛾藤中的新C_(30)甾体类化合物(英文)

A novel C30 sterol, (22E, 24ξ)-24-n-propylcholest-7, 22-dien-3β-ol (racemosol, 1), along withscopoletin (2), scopolin (3), umbelliferone (4), methylβ-D-frucopyranoside (5), syringaresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (6), quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (8),eupatilin (9), kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10) and (E）-N-2-(2,3-dihydroxyphenyl) ethyl cinnamamide(11), was isolated from the whole plants of Porana racemosa Roxb. Their structures were elucidatedpredominantly by spectral evidence.     

雪兔子的成分研究

从雪兔子(Saussurea gossypiphora D.Don)中首次分得6种结晶物,经红外光谱、紫外光谱、质谱和核磁共振谱等方法鉴定为:伞形花内酯(umbelliterone)(Ⅰ)东莨菪素(scopole-tin)(Ⅱ),β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol)(Ⅲ),芹菜素(apigenin)(Ⅳ),芹菜素7-葡萄糖甙(api-genin 7-O-β-D-glucoside)(Ⅴ),伞形花内酯甙(umbelliteione 7-O-β-D-glucoside)(Ⅵ)。     

木奶果茎叶的化学成分研究

采用常压柱色谱和重结晶相结合的分离方法,从木奶果的茎叶提取物的乙酸乙酯部分中分离得到8个化合物,通过波谱方法及与已知样品对照的手段鉴定它们为(2S,3S,4R)-2-[(2R)-2-hydroxytetracosanoyl-amino]-1,3,4-octadecanetriol(1),Aralia cerebroside(2),(24S)-24-ethylcholesta-3β,5α,6β-triol(3),Stigmast-4-en-6β-ol-3-one(4),7-oxo-β-sitosterol(5),7α-methoxy-sigmast-5-en-3β-ol(6),β-sitosterol(7),daucosterol(8)。化合物1-6为首次从该种植物中发现的。     

南海脆灯蕊柳珊瑚中西松烷型二萜和甾醇类化学成分研究

从南海水域脆灯蕊柳珊瑚的乙醇-二氯甲烷提取物中分离鉴定了6个西松烷型二萜和3个甾醇,经波谱分析确定其结构分别为:junceellin A(1),praelolide(2),junceellolides A~D(3~6),24-αmethylcholest-7,22-dien-3β,5α,6-βtriol(7),cholestan-3-ol(8),cholesterol(9);其中化合物1,2,7,8均为首次从该海洋动物中分离得到。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.