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新疆物种多样性项目组在近10年中多次考察丁艾比湖区(44°50'N,82°50'E,海拔189 m).特别是2007~2009年逐月环湖考察,包括阿拉山口、奎屯河、精河、博尔塔拉河、科克巴斯陶、桑德库木、甘家湖、古尔图等,东西长118 km,南北宽56 km,覆盖6608 km2.采用样线法和点计数法对艾比湖区不同区域鸟的种类和数量进行统计和分析.记录到233种鸟类,是全疆种数的55%,分别隶属于17目53科128属.秋季一次统计到103 875只鸟类.首次发现了卷羽鹈鹕Pelecanus crispus、白头硬尾鸭Oxyura leucocephala、遗鸥Larus relictus和细嘴鸥Larus genei等的聚集地.另有夜鹭、小白额雁、斑背潜鸭、长尾鸭、剑鹆、小滨鹬、细嘴鸥、黄腹鹨等8种为新疆新纪录种.区系以占北种(183种,78.5%)和广布种(49种,21.0%)为主,极少东洋种.艾比湖为中哑鸟类迁徙的重要驿站. 相似文献
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《四川动物》2015,(3)
白湖湿地位于乌鲁木齐市西郊,是濒危物种白头硬尾鸭Oxyura leucocephala在国内的重要繁殖地。为了更好地保护该物种,于2007—2014年对白湖湿地的鸟类组成进行了调查,并对白头硬尾鸭的生物学特征进行了观察。结果显示,在研究区域共记录到鸟类137种,分属于14目36科89属,约占新疆鸟类总数的30%。居留型以旅鸟(58种,占42.33%)和夏候鸟(48种,占35.04%)为主,留鸟(17种,占12.41%)和冬候鸟(14种,占10.22%)比例较低,白湖湿地是鸟类迁徙的重要驿站和鸟类繁殖的重要栖息地。通过计算G-F指数发现,白湖湿地鸟类在科、属水平上的多样性较为丰富(DG=4.31,DF=22.57,DG-F=0.81)。白头硬尾鸭每年5月中旬迁徙至白湖湿地,10月中旬飞离,峰值数量最多可达45只。但调查发现,随着城市化进程不断推进,白湖湿地受到的人为干扰不断扩大,正导致这一鸟类栖息地环境严重恶化。 相似文献
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白头硬尾鸭(Oxyuraleucocephala)属雁形目(Anseriformes)鸭科(Anatidae),是一种古北界分布的珍稀水禽,在国际上被IUCN列为“濒危(EN)”物种,同时被列入CITES公约和迁徙物种公约(CMS)。该物种主要有中亚、西亚、欧洲、北非4个相互隔离的繁殖种群。据湿地国际(Wetland International)最新估计全球数量8000~13000只。在我国,该物种被列入中国濒危动物红皮书,以往在新疆南部的克州和博斯腾湖附近以及北疆的天山、昌吉有过分布记录。近期新疆记录包括:2006年10~11月,10余只次个体被国外观鸟者(Paul Holt)记录于石河子地区和五家渠八一… 相似文献
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新疆14种珍稀濒危植物资源现状及保护 总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10
笔者于1998—2001年对分布在新疆境内的14种珍稀濒危植物进行了野外调查,采用线路调查与样方调查的方法查清了这14种珍稀濒危植物的资源量及濒危现状,并提出了相应的保护措施。 相似文献
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长脚秧鸡 (Crexcrex)属于鹤形目秧鸡科长脚秧鸡属 ,是国内唯一在新疆有分布的珍稀候鸟 (旅鸟或繁殖鸟 )。最初由Ludlow等 ( 1934)报道了该种在中国新疆和西藏的分布。之后的半个多世纪 ,国内一直无人记录或采集到标本。各种论著均沿袭和引用Ludlow等的原始报告 ,乃至所有的文献记录都大同小异。该种已被列为濒危物种 ,纳入 1989年版的中国国家重点保护名录 (Ⅱ级 ) ,同时也被国际鸟盟(BirdLifeInternational)纳入 1998年公布的世界濒危鸟种名单。1998年 5~ 6月和 1999年 6~ 7月笔者多次在新疆伊… 相似文献
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新疆发现一种抗盐桦树 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
1956年9月11日,著名植物分类学家秦仁昌教授,来到新疆阿勒泰县的巴里巴盖进行野外采集,在一片含盐度极高的沼泽地里,他发现了一株桦木属植物,并采下一号标本(秦仁昌3151)。根据该植物的外部形态特征,特别是果苞的性状。与新疆分布的其他几种桦木属植物容易区别,再加上它的生境为盐沼泽地带,故把这种植物定名为桦木属中的 相似文献
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额尔齐斯河在我国境内位于阿尔泰山南坡山前地带与准噶尔盆地北缘。由于盆地从东南向西北倾斜,所以额尔齐斯河沿着第四纪阿尔泰山前发生的东南—西北断裂线流出国境,是我国唯一注入北冰洋的水系。额尔齐斯河谷,全年少雨,气候干燥,冬春严寒多风雪;夏秋炎热,年温差大,日照长,积温高,无霜期短;河谷水资源丰富,构成了夏秋季节适宜林木及各种草本植物生长的生态条件,形成了荒漠与半荒漠地带,以杨树为主多种植物共存的绿色河谷。林间草本植物种类较多,约有50科,380余种。在地理区系上阿勒泰属于特殊的一区,属于我国蒙新区的… 相似文献
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2016年9和10月,在西藏自治区林芝及日喀则开展鸟类多样性调查期间新记录到8种鸟类,包括白胸翡翠指名亚种(Halcyon smyrnensis smyrnensis)、黑冠山雀指名亚种(Periparus rubidiventris rubidiventris)和栗腹?指名亚种(Sitta cinnamoventris cinnamoventris)、斑尾鹃鸠(Macropygia unchall)、红喉姬鹟(Ficedula albicilla)、黄胸柳莺(Phylloscopus cantator)、棕脸鹟莺(Abroscopus albogularis)以及田鹨(Anthus richardi)。 相似文献
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Status and diurnal activity budget of non-breeding White-headed Ducks Oxyura leucocephala in Algeria
《Ostrich》2013,84(2):177-184
In Algeria, the Globally Endangered White-headed Duck Oxyura leucocephala is resident throughout the year in the coastal wetlands of north-east Algeria and the Hauts Plateaux, where it occupies habitats that range from freshwater ponds and brackish marshes to hypersaline lakes. In autumn and winter, at two study sites sleeping (49% and 68%) and resting (9% and 20%) dominated, whereas feeding (7% and 10%) represented a minor proportion of, diurnal activities. There was no marked seasonal change in the activity pattern, as would be expected for a resident bird. The breeding and winter distributions of the species were similar, but seasonal and diel patterns of dispersion among habitats remain poorly known. Human encroachment on wetland habitat, habitat degradation and illegal hunting in protected areas are the major threats to the persistence of the species and probably similar threatened species in Algeria. 相似文献
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2018年10月至2021年10月,在西藏墨脱县开展鸟类多样性调查期间记录到6种鸟类新分布,分别是大蓝仙鹟 (Cyornis magnirostris)、黄嘴角鸮 (Otus spilocephalus)、金胸雀鹛指名亚种 (Lioparus chrysotis chrysotis)、细嘴钩嘴鹛Sintextus亚种 (Pomatorhinus superciliaris intextus)、白喉姬鹟指名亚种 (Anthipes monileger monileger)、棕胸雅鹛assamense亚种 (Trichastoma tickelli assamense)。 相似文献
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We studied the socioecology of white-headed langurs (Trachypithecus leucocephalus) from September 1997 to September 1998 in Fusui Precious Animal Reserve, SW Guangxi, China. We collected data on climate, phenology of food plant species, and foods consumed by langurs living in habitats with different levels of human disturbance. Feeding records showed that the most food is from less common plant species. Young leaves were the staple food item in all langur groups, and consumption correlates with availability. Consumption of mature leaves is not significantly correlated with their availability, but the langurs fed on them, and other food items such as fruits and seeds, when the availability of young leaves was low. Langurs in different areas had broadly similar diets, but they varied most in the proportion of supplementary items such as fruit. Groups in more disturbed habitat did not increase the overall proportion of mature leaves in their diet, but instead maintained their intake of young leaves from a greater diversity of species, and incorporated more immature fruit. Conservationists should direct efforts toward protection of rare plant species providing preferred food items, particularly supplementary foods at times when, and in areas where, preferred food items are less available. 相似文献
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报道了采自新疆的舟形藻属(硅藻门)中国新记录7个分类单位,如下所示:辐头舟形藻(Navicula capitatoradiata Germain)、辐指舟形藻(N. digitoradiata(Gregory) Ralfs)、瑞卡德提舟形藻(N. reichardtiana Lange-Bertalot)、针状舟形藻(N. spicula (Hickie) Cleve)、近小胎座舟形藻(N. subplacentula Hustedt)、琐细舟形藻(N. trivialis Lange Bertalot)和上凸舟形藻(N. upsaliensis(Grunow) Peragallo)。并对其分类学特征以及采集地生境进行了详细地描述。 相似文献
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2001年7月至8月、2007年7月分别两次在新疆各地采集硅藻标本,经显微观察,共鉴定出菱形藻属和细齿藻属(硅藻门)中国新记录植物11种1变种,其中菱形藻属9种:额雷菱形藻(Nitzschia eglei Lange-Bertalot)、弯曲菱形藻(N.flexa Schumann)、多样菱形藻(N.diversa Hustedt)、化石菱形藻[N.fossilis (Grunow) Grunow]、吉斯纳菱形藻(N.gessneri Hustedt)、平庸菱形藻(N.inconspicua Grunow)、辐射菱形藻(N.radicula Hustedt)、常见菱形藻(N.solita Hustedt)和粗肋菱形藻(N.valdecostata Lange-Bertalot & Simonsen);细齿藻属2种1变种:科瑞提细齿藻[Denticula creticola (strup) Lange-Bertalot & Krammer]、库津细齿藻汝牧变种(D.kuetzingii var.rumrichae Krammer)和强壮细齿藻[D.valida (Pedicino) Grunow].并对其12种新记录植物的分类学特征进行了详细的描述. 相似文献
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Yong An Yong-Tao Wang Yi-Tong Ma Muhuyati Wulasihan Ying Huang Dilare Adi Yi-Ning Yang Xiang Ma Xiao-Mei Li Xiang Xie Ding Huang Fen Liu Bang-Dang Chen 《PloS one》2015,10(6)
Objective
Valvular calcification occurs via ongoing endothelial injury associated with inflammation. IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine and 75% of the variation in IL-10 production is genetically determined. However, the relationship between genetic polymorphisms of IL-10 and valvular calcification has not been studied. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between valvular calcification and IL-10 genetic polymorphisms in the Han, Uygur and Kazak populations in China.Patients and Methods
All of the participants were selected from subjects participating in the Cardiovascular Risk Survey (CRS) study. The single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs1800871 and rs1800872 of the IL-10 gene were genotyped using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Three independent case-control studies involving the Han population, the Uygur population and the Kazak population were used in the analysis.Results
For the Han and Kazak populations, rs1800871 was found to be associated with valvular calcification in the recessive model, and the difference remained statistically significant following multivariate adjustment (p<0.001, p=0.031, respectively). For the Han, Uygur and Kazak populations, rs1800872 was found to be associated with valvular calcification in the dominant model, and the difference remained statistically significant following multivariate adjustment (p<0.001, p=0.009, and p=0.023,respectively)Conclusion
Both rs1800871 and rs1800872 of the IL-10 gene are associated with valvular calcification in the Han and Kazak populations in China. Rs1800872 is also associated with valvular calcification in the Uygur population. 相似文献18.
该文报道了西藏兰科1个新记录属——坛花兰属(Acanthephippium) 及其新记录种——锥囊坛花兰(Acanthephippium striatum Lindl),另1西藏新记录种为夏天麻(Gastrodia flavilabella S. S. Ying)。锥囊坛花兰与同属的中华坛花兰[A. gougahense (Guillaumin) Seidenfaden]和坛花兰(A. sylhetense Lindl. Gen)相近,主要区别在于后两者唇盘肉质增厚且萼囊宽而短钝。夏天麻植株形态类似于南天麻[G. javanica (Bl.) Lindl],后者花苞片宿存,为三角形;根状茎上不具珊瑚状根;唇盘基部爪上的胼胝体非球形。文中对新记录1属和2种兰科植物进行了描述,并附有新记录的特征照片,丰富了该区野生兰科植物本底资源。同时根据IUCN的评价标准,对其濒危等级进行了评估认定,提出了保护等级的建议。凭证标本保存于西藏高原生态研究所标本室(XZE)。 相似文献
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西藏墨脱县发现长尾阔嘴鸟 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
正2015年10月21日,在西藏自治区墨脱县德兴乡(29°20′9.97″N,95°19′13.20″E,海拔780 m)观察到阔嘴鸟2只,该鸟体长约25 cm,顶冠及颈背黑色,头顶具蓝色小点斑,喙呈黄绿色,脸及喉部呈黄色,眼后有一黄色点斑,体呈绿色且两翼有蓝斑,尾呈楔形(图1),经鉴定为长尾阔嘴鸟(Psarisomus dalhousiae)。MacK innon等(2000)认为该鸟种分布于西藏东南部,而Bruce(2003)在《世界鸟类手册》中引用了前者的描述。然而,因缺乏实际观察记录,之后我国鸟类学者的著作中均未将长尾阔嘴鸟列为在西藏有分布的鸟类(郑光美2011)。虽 相似文献