Une nouvelle espèce d'Euglène,Euglena Penardii

Sans résumé     

Une nouvelle méthode de marquage pour certains groupes d'Insectes et de Crustacés

A new technique of labelling, based on making series of microscars on the compound eye of immature insects, allows to recognize individual specimens, even after several moults.

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Une nouvelle méthode de marquage pour certains groupes d'Insectes et de Crustacés

     

Découverte d'une faune de vertébrés dans l'Oligocène inférieur de Vayres-sur-Essonne (bassin de Paris,France) : biodiversité et paléoenvironnement

The new rich vertebrates deposit from the Lower Oligocene, at Vayres-sur-Essonne (Essonne, France), contains 34 marine and seven continental taxa, 17 taxa being recorded for the first time from the Paris Basin. The richness of the ichtyofauna is higher than in anyone of the Parisian Oligocene deposits and equals the one of the ‘Argiles de Boom’ (Belgian Rupelian). Its affinities with the septentrional ichtyofauna is confirmed, meridional elements being rare. The terrestrial fauna, the oldest known from stratotypical Stampian (base of the Upper Stampian) shares affinities with the one of Montalbán and attests the occurrence of nearly freshwater environments. To cite this article: D. Merle et al., C. R. Palevol 1 (2002) 111–116.     

Une nouvelle espèce d'Apodemus (Rodentia,Mammalia)du Pliocène de la dépression de Guadix-Baza (Grenade,Espagne)

This paper describes a new species of Apodemus,A. agustii, a Middle Pliocene Muridae from the Guadix-Baza basin. Its morphology is far from that postulated as more frequent in Apodemus: its molars crowns are relatively high: there is no connection between t6 and t9 in M¹ and M². Taking in account this and its age, it is placed in an evolutionary branch, convergent with “Rhagapodemus” morphotype.     

Mollusques terrestres et températures : une nouvelle fonction de transfert quantitative

Terrestrial molluscs are reliable environmental proxies in Quaternary sequences. Correlations between the geographic distribution of the species and the minimum mean monthly temperature and the annual thermal magnitude distributions have been characterised. New temperature estimates based on the Mutual Climatic Range method were then performed. The latitudinal thermal gradient has been reconstructed using modern assemblages from Western Europe, and a calibration on modern temperature values has been calculated. The application to the sequence of Achenheim (Alsace, France) allowed the reconstruction of the temperature variations of the last climatic cycle. To cite this article: O. Moine, D.-D. Rousseau, C. R. Palevol 1 (2002) 145–151.     

Une nouvelle espèce du genre Bohlinia (Mammalia,Giraffidae) du Miocène supérieur de Toros-Menalla,Tchad

New Giraffidae specimens discovered from the Late Miocene fossiliferous sector of Toros-Menalla (northern Chad) are described. These specimens are assigned to Bohlinia, a genus known so far only in some Late Miocene localities of Eurasia. This is the first occurrence of the genus in Africa. Analysis of the material allows us to describe a new species of giraffid, Bohlinia adoumi n. sp., probably close to the Eurasian forms.     

«Noir de Diaminobenzidine»: Une nouvelle méthode histochimique de révélation du fer exogène

Résumé Une nouvelle réaction de mise en évidence histochimique du fer exogène, utilisé comme traceur pour l'étude des connexions dans le système nerveux central, est décrite. Elle comporte la transformation du fer en bleu de Prusse, lequel est utilisé comme catalyseur de l'oxydation de la diaminobenzidine par l'eau oxygénée. La diaminobenzidine oxydée précipite sous forme d'un produit insoluble de couleur brun-noir. Cette réaction présente une sensibilité et un contraste nettement supérieurs à ceux de la réaction classique de Perls.

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Diaminobenzidine black as a new histochemical demonstration of exogenous iron

Summary A new reaction for the histochemical demonstration of exogenous iron, used as a tracer for the study of connectivity in the central nervous system, is described. It consists of, first, the conversion of iron into Prussian blue, which acts secondarily as a catalyst for the oxidation of diaminobenzidine by hydrogen peroxide. The oxidized diaminobenzidine precipitates by polymerization and gives rise to a brown-colored insoluble reaction product. This reaction has a strikingly better sensitivity and contrast than the classical Perls's reaction.

     

Dicerorhinus miguelcrus afonti nov. sp., une nouvelle espèce de rhinocéros (Mammalia,Perissodactyla) du gisement pliocène supérieur de Layna (Soria,Espagne) et de la formation pliocène de Perpignan (Pyrénées-Orientales,France)

More than 90 remains of rhinoceroses bones and teeth have been recovered from the Layna Pliocene deposit. They correspond to a middle sized animal with stout bones and is quite different from both the large sized Pliocène D. megarhinus, the lower Villafranchian D. jeanvireti and the slim small Villafranchian D. etruscus. Its a new species belonging to the Dicerorhinus genus: D. miguelcrusafonti nov. sp. This species is also found in the Perpignan Pliocene formation, together with D. megarhinus.     

Les séries carbonatées du Trias et du Lias prépiémontais de Corse. Présence d'une microfaune (Foraminifères) et d'une microflore Rhétiennes dans l'Allochtone de St Florent

A rich microfauna of Foraminifera has been recognized in the Allochtonous formations of St Florent. These families are: Ammodiscidae, Fischerinidae, Miliolidae, Archaediscidae and Nodosariidae. This microfauna and a palynological assemblage with Corollina confirm the presence of Rhaetian in this unit. The lithostratigraphic study of the Allochtonous units of St Florent and Macinaggio (North of the Cap Corse) shows that the triassic and liassic carbonates are very similar to those of the prepiedmontese units of the Ligurian Alps, which are characterized by a clear deepening of depositional environment during the Sinemurian time.     

Carcinome urothélial de l’urètre: une nouvelle observation et revue de la littérature

Urothelial carcinoma of the male urethra is a rare tumour. We report a new case of urothelial carcinoma of the urethra in a 64-year old man who was examined due to a dysuria. Retrograde and voiding urethrocystography carried out had shown images of bulbopenile urethral stricture treated by urethroplasty. Histological examination of the urethrectomy part revealed a urothelial carcinoma of the urethra. The patient refused any additional treatment and survived 14 months after diagnosis.     

Une nouvelle famille est nécessaire pour des microscorpions humicoles de madagascar et d'afrique

The sub-family Microcharminae is raised to the rank of family as Microcharmidae so as to contain humicolous microscorpions of Madagascar and Africa belonging to the genera Microcharmus and Akentrobuthus. Phylogenetic considerations are proposed in relation to the morphological characters but also in association with their adaptation to the humicolous environment of the soil.     

Les Stephanodiscus (Diatomées) du Lac Léman: Description d'une nouvelle espèce,Stephanodiscus irregularis; mise au point taxonomique et distributions saisonnières

Intact sediment-water columns from a flowing cypress swamp receiving primary wastewater effluent were used to evaluate inorganic N removal and to determine the fate of ¹⁵NH _inf4 ^sup+ -N added to the floodwater. Treatments represented wetland sites which had received 0 (initial application), 2, and 50 years of primary wastewater application. The rate of inorganic-N decrease in the floodwater was greatest for the initial application columns, primarily due to sediment adsorption of NH _inf4 ^sup+ , followed by 2-year and 50-yr-columns. Maximum removal rates were 318, 296, and 148 mg N m^–2 day^–1, respectively. At the end of the 21-day study period, only 0.5 to 2.3% of applied ¹⁵N was recovered in the floodwater and 11.4 to 17.3% was recovered in the sediment, with the remaining 82.2 to 86.3% being lost from the sediment-water system. Results of the study indicated that N removal efficiency did not decrease with prolonged wastewater application, despite reduced sediment adsorption capacity, because of the significance of gaseous N losses (nitrification-denitrification, NH₃ volatilization) as an N sink in the sediment-water system.Florida Agricultural Experiment Stations Journal Series No. 7712     

Prostasomes, dérivés actifs de l’oxygène et sperme humain

Prostasomes are particular lipid vesicles secreted by the human prostate and found in the semen. No specific action has yet been attributed to prostasomes, but they appear to act at various levels. For example, prostasomes enhance sperm motility in vitro and participate in the immunomodulation properties of seminal plasma. Excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human semen has a negative influence on the functional capacities of spermatozoa. The presence of leukocytes in semen is associated with increased production of ROS that can be harmful to sperm cells, under certain conditions. Previous results tend to suggest a possible role of prostasomes on ROS production in human semen. After reviewing the literature concerning the structural and functional characteristics of prostasomes and the role of ROS in human semen, we report our results concerning the influence of prostasomes on ROS production and the consequences on semen. We have demonstrated that prostasomes exert an antioxidant function in human semen. This function is effective both on polymorphonuclear neutrophils and on sperm cells. The mechanism of action of prostasomes is unusual, as they act on ROS production mainly on the plasma membranes of neutrophils. They induce a decrease of NADPH-oxidase activity associated with rigidification of the plasma membrane. Prostasomes protect the functional capacities of spermatozoa during an oxidative stress created by the presence of NADPH in the incubation medium.     

Cytologie Comparée de l'espèce Parthénogénétique Luffia ferchaultella Steph. et de L'espèce bisexuée L. Lapidella goeze (Lepidoptera,Psychidae)

Summary The cytology of two species of Luffia has been studied. The first one, L. lapidella, is bisexual, the second one, L. ferchaultella, parthenogenetic and derived from the first. In both species the females have a diploid number of 61 chromosomes. The male of lapidella has 62 chromosomes.The development of the fertilized egg of L. lapidella does not show any noticeable peculiarity other than the slow rate of the first meiotic division.The meiotic divisions of the parthenogenetic egg of L. ferchaultella begin normally as in lapidella but are interrupted either at the end of anaphase I or at metaphase II or anywhere between these two stages. Through various procedures the two haploid plates reunite to form a new metaphase spindle, which carries out a normal though diploid second meiotic division. The restoration of the diploid number happens therefore by means of the fusion of the first polar body with the nucleus of the oocyte II. The different procedures which lead to it have been studied and their variability examined in connection with the environment, the morphological types of the females and the geographical distribution of the species.

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Cytologie Comparée de l'espèce Parthénogénétique Luffia ferchaultella Steph. et de L'espèce bisexuée L. Lapidella goeze (Lepidoptera, Psychidae)

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Travail subventionné par le Fonds National Suisse de la Recherche Scientifique.     

Caractérisation d'une hémopexine sérique de truite par utilisation d'une protéine recombinante

Rainbow trout hemopexin was produced by Sf9 cells through the Baculovirus system; the protein is released into the culture medium. It has been purified through two successive chromatographic steps: ion exchange (MonoQ) and chelation (Zn⁺ affinity). Treatment of the protein by N-glycosidase F reduced its relative mass by 3 000, demonstrating N-glycosylation. Spectrophotometric analysis in the Soret band of protein + hemin mixture revealed characteristics of a hemoprotein (oxidized: λ = 413 nm, dithionite-reduced: λ = 422 nm); the titration curve suggested a 1:1 molar ratio. An anti tHx antiserum was produced; it detected an intense band in the trout serum, but also in the serum of two perciforms: gilt-head sea bream and sea bass; it did not cross-react with the serum of the phylogenetically distant eel.