人胚鼻咽组织基因表达谱

以水囊引产５、６、７、８个月人胚胎鼻咽组织总ＲＮＡ逆转录标记ｃＤＮＡ探针,与代表５８８个基因的Ａｔｌａｓ＾ＴＭｃＤＮＡ阵列进行杂交,观察了这些基因在不同发育时期内的表达差异。结果发现与细胞分裂增殖及细胞生长相关的基因明显高表达,不同胎龄存在多个表达水平不同的基因及同一基因在不同时期表达水平也不一样,如早期生长反应蛋白１（ｅａｒｌｙ ｇｒｏｗｔｈ ｒｅｓｐｏｎｓｅ ｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ１）基因ＥＧＲＰ１在     

人巨细胞病毒PP71基因序列分析与表达

人巨细胞病毒 (Ｈｕｍａｎｃｙｔｏｍｅｇａｌｏｖｉｒｕｓ)在人群中存在非常普遍 ,大多数呈临床不显性或潜伏感染 ,孕妇ＨＣＭＶ复发感染或新的感染均可引起新生儿宫内或围产期感染 ,导致胎儿畸形、智力低下和发育迟缓等。人是ＨＣＭＶ的唯一宿主 ,病毒可通过人与人间的直接或间接接触传播。近年来对ＨＣＭＶ的致病机理的研究已日趋深入 ,已有多项研究证实 ,ＨＣＭＶ ＰＰ71(ＵＬ82 )基因是病毒抗原之一。亦有研究证实 ,ＨＣＭＶ ＰＰ71是 (ＵＬ82 )基因产物 ,可促进病毒后期的基因表达 ,提高病毒的复制能力。本实验对ＰＰ71(ＵＬ82 )基因…     

Insulin Dominantly Suppresses Hepatitis B Virus Gene Expression in Cultured Human Hepatoma Cells

We have shown previously that insulin suppresses the expression of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) gene from an endogenous integrated viral genome in cultured human hepatoma Hep3B cells. In this study, we demonstrated that insulin suppresses the viral mRNA transcribed from transiently transfected tandem repeat hepatitis B virus (HBV) dimer DNA or DNA fragment that contains only the major HBsAg gene. Insulin treatment also resulted in a decrease in HBV viral particles produced by the HBV-DNA-transfected cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, when insulin was simultaneously added with glucocorticoid, which stimulates HBV gene expression, the stimulatory effect of glucocorticoid was completely abolished. Our results suggest that insulin has a dominant negative effect on the HBV gene expression in cultured human liver cells.     

人eya2基因小干扰RNA表达载体的构建及表达

目的：设计并构建人eya2（eyes absent2）基因小干扰RNA（siRNA）的真核表达载体,并观察其沉默效果。方法：以人eya2为靶基因,以pSliencer2．1-U6 neo质粒为载体,根据人eya2的cDNA序列,设计含有小发卡结构的2条寡核苷酸序列,将其克隆到siRNA表达载体上;转化大肠杆菌DH5Ⅸ菌株,抽提质粒,测序分析;将重组质粒转染人胚肾293T细胞,通过荧光分析、Westemblot和转录活性实验检测其抑制效果。结果：重组体测序结果与目的序列相一致,证明构建了eya2 siRNA真核表达载体;荧光观察表明siRNA能显著减弱细胞中绿色荧光强度,抑制eya2基因表达;Westemblot分析证明构建的siRNA能有效抑制外源性及内源性eya2基因表达;转录活性测定表明,构建的siRNA能有效抑制eya2基因表达。结论：构建了eya2 siRNA真核表达载体,该siRNA能有效地抑制eya2基因表达。     

RNA干扰抑制乙型肝炎病毒复制及基因表达研究进展

RNA干扰(RNAinterference,RNAi)是指由21～23个核苷酸组成的双链RNA(dsRNA)所引发的生物细胞内同源基因转录后沉默的现象,是生物体在进化过程中普遍存在的一种基因调控机制。目前对由乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)引起的病毒性肝炎尚无令人满意的治疗效果,而RNA干扰技术的出现为各类慢性HBV感染的治疗开辟了新的途径。本文对RNA干扰抑制HBV复制及基因表达的研究现状、存在问题及应用前景进行了综述。     

RNA干扰对乙肝病毒基因的抑制作用

双链介导的遗传干涉的机制是1998年发现的。它通过双链RNA的介导特异性地降解相应序列从而导致转录后水平的基因沉默。RNA干扰作为后基因组时代的一种下调基因表达的工具已被广泛用于基因功能的研究以及疾病的治疗。利用小干扰RNA与乙肝病毒DNA通过共传染于HepG2肝癌细胞中使乙肝病毒基因沉默以达到抑制乙肝病毒复制作用。     

RNA干扰对乙肝病毒基因的抑制作用

双链介导的遗传干涉的机制是1998年发现的。它通过双链RNA的介导特异性地降解相应序列从而导致转录后水平的基因沉默。RNA干扰作为后基因组时代的一种下调基因表达的工具已被广泛用于基因功能的研究以及疾病的治疗。利用小干扰RNA与乙肝病毒DNA通过共转染于HepG2肝癌细胞中使乙肝病毒基因沉默以达到抑制乙肝病毒复制作用。     

人呼吸道合胞病毒感染的A549细胞中长链非编码RNA表达谱研究

目的:探讨人呼吸道合胞体病毒(human respiratory syncytial virus,RSV)感染A549细胞的长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNAs,lncRNA)表达谱的差异,更好地了解宿主与RSV之间的相互作用的可能分子机制.方法:1 MOI RSV感染A549细胞,24h后提取R...     

Interferon-Induced ISG15 Conjugation Inhibits Influenza A Virus Gene Expression and Replication in Human Cells

The ubiquitin-like ISG15 protein, as well as its conjugating enzymes, is induced by type I interferons (IFNs). Experiments using ISG15 knockout (ISG15^−/−) mice established that ISG15 and/or its conjugation inhibits the replication of influenza A virus. However, in contrast to the virus inhibition results for mice, the rates of virus replication in ISG15^+/+ and ISG15^−/− mouse embryo fibroblasts in tissue culture were similar. Here we focus on human tissue culture cells and on the effect of ISG15 and/or its conjugation on influenza A virus gene expression and replication in such cells. We demonstrate that IFN-induced antiviral activity against influenza A virus in human cells is significantly alleviated by inhibiting ISG15 conjugation using small interfering RNAs directed against ISG15-conjugating enzymes. IFN-induced antiviral activity against influenza A virus protein synthesis was reduced 5- to 20-fold by suppressing ISG15 conjugation. The amounts of the viral proteins that were restored by these siRNA treatments were approximately 40 to 50% of the amounts produced in cells that were not pretreated with IFN. Further, we show that ISG15 conjugation inhibits influenza A virus replication 10- to 20-fold at early times after infection in human cells. These results show that ISG15 conjugation plays a substantial role in the antiviral state induced by IFN in human cells. In contrast, we show that in mouse embryo fibroblasts ISG15 conjugation not only does not affect influenza A virus replication but also does not contribute to the IFN-induced antiviral activity against influenza A virus gene expression.Virus infection activates the synthesis of type I interferons (IFN-α and IFN-β), which induce the synthesis of a large array of proteins, many of which play crucial roles in the antiviral response (1). One of the most strongly induced proteins is ISG15, a 15-kDa ubiquitin-like protein that becomes conjugated to many cellular proteins (6, 8, 9, 12, 18, 22, 26, 30). Three of the human enzymes that catalyze this conjugation, the UbE1L E1 enzyme, the UbcH8 E2 enzyme, and the Herc5 E3 enzyme, are also induced by IFN-β (4, 10, 26, 27, 29). Although it had been reported that UbcH8 functions in both ISG15 and ubiquitin conjugation (3, 10, 13, 25, 28, 29), a recent study demonstrated that UbcH8 is unlikely to function in ubiquitin conjugation in vivo for two reasons: K_m measurements revealed that the E1 ubiquitin-activating enzyme, unlike UbE1L, exhibits very low affinity for UbcH8, and UbcH8 is poorly, if not at all, expressed in the absence of IFN treatment, indicating that UbcH8 functions only during the IFN response (5). A large number of human proteins that are targets for ISG15 conjugation have been identified (22, 26, 30). Most of these targets are constitutively expressed proteins that function in diverse cellular pathways, but several of the targets are IFN-α/-β-induced antiviral proteins.Because the NS1 protein of influenza B virus (NS1B) was shown to bind ISG15 and inhibit its conjugation to target proteins, it was proposed that ISG15 and/or its conjugation is inhibitory to the replication of influenza B virus (27). Subsequently, experiments using ISG15 knockout (ISG15^−/−) mice established that ISG15 and/or its conjugation inhibits the replication of not only influenza B virus but also influenza A virus (16). For example, at one of the inoculum levels employed for influenza A virus, 52% of the ISG15^−/− mice died, whereas a significantly smaller percentage, 23%, of the ISG15^+/+ mice died. However, the effect of ISG15 and/or its conjugation on influenza A virus replication was not detected in mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs) in tissue culture. MEFs supported only very limited replication of influenza A virus, and there was no significant difference in virus replication between ISG15^+/+ and ISG15^−/− MEFs (16). These investigators postulated that influenza A virus replication was probably selectively spared in other cell types of the ISG15^−/− mouse. A subsequent study showed that ISG15 conjugation exerts its antiviral action against influenza B virus (and presumably against influenza A virus) in radioresistant stromal cells of the mouse (14). However, an antiviral effect of ISG15 conjugation against influenza A virus has not yet been demonstrated in mouse cells in tissue culture.In the present study we focus on human tissue culture cells and on the effect of ISG15 and/or its conjugation on the replication of influenza A virus in such cells. We show that IFN-induced antiviral activity against influenza A virus in human cells is significantly alleviated by inhibiting ISG15 conjugation using small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) against ISG15-conjugating enzymes. Our results show that both the synthesis of viral proteins and the early rate of virus replication are inhibited by ISG15 conjugation. In contrast, we show that in MEFs ISG15 conjugation not only does not affect influenza A virus replication but also does not contribute to IFN-induced antiviral activity against influenza A virus gene expression.     

A Comparison of Collection Techniques for Gene Expression Analysis of Human Oral Taste Tissue

Variability in human taste perception is associated with both genetic and environmental factors. The influence of taste receptor expression on this variability is unknown, in part, due to the difficulty in obtaining human oral tissue that enables quantitative expression measures of taste genes. In a comparison of six current techniques (Oragene RNeasy Kit, Isohelix swab, Livibrush cytobrush, tongue saliva, cheek saliva collection, and fungiform papillae biopsy), we identify the fungiform papillae biopsy is the optimal sampling technique to analyse human taste gene expression. The fungiform papillae biopsy resulted in the highest RNA integrity, enabling amplification of all the assessed taste receptor genes (TAS1R1, TAS1R2, TAS1R3, SCNN1A and CD36) and taste tissue marker genes (NCAM1, GNAT3 and PLCβ2). Furthermore, quantitative expression was observed in a subset of taste genes assessed from the saliva collection techniques (cheek saliva, tongue saliva and Oragene RNA kit). These saliva collection techniques may be useful as a non-invasive alternative sampling technique to the fungiform papillae biopsy. Identification of the fungiform papillae biopsy as the optimal collection method will facilitate further research into understanding the effect of gene expression on variability in human taste perception.     

日本脑炎病毒E基因与流感病毒HA基因的串联表达及应用

根据GenBank公布的日本脑炎病毒(Japanese Encephalitis Virus, JEV) SA14 14 2株的核酸序列和人流感病毒的血凝素基因(ha)序列, 设计一对特异性引物, 用 PCR方法扩增编码 JEV囊膜蛋白主要抗原域基因, 其中含ha基因主要核苷酸序列。将PCR产物定向克隆入原核表达载体 pET 32a( ), 构建原核表达载体 pET EHA。阳性质粒转化BL21(DE3)宿主菌, 经 IPTG诱导获得表达, 重组蛋白以包涵体的形式存在。Western blot分析表明表达产物具有良好的免疫学活性。利用纯化的表达产物与流感病毒血凝素单抗及乳胶建立了诊断日本脑炎病毒抗体水平的乳胶凝集试验。结果表明乳胶凝集方法具有简便快速、敏感性高、特异性强、价格低廉、可现场检测等优点, 是一种适合基层兽医单位用于日本脑炎病毒抗体水平检测的新方法。     

结肠癌组织RASSF1A基因转录表达和启动子区甲基化研究

目的:研究Ras相关区域家族1A基因(ras association domain family 1A,RASSF1A)启动子区甲基化对结肠癌组织中该基因转录和表达的影响.方法:应用甲基化特异性PCR(Methylation-special PCR,MSP)、RT-PCR和Western blot方法检测30例结肠癌组织和癌旁组织中的RASSF1A基因启动子区甲基化状态、mRNA和蛋白表达水平.结果:①RASSF1A基因启动子区在结肠癌纽织和正常组织中的甲基化频率分别为57%(17/30)和20%(6/30),甲基化频率在两组具有统计学差异(p＜0.01),,结肠癌组织中RASSF1A基因启动子区甲基化频率显著高于癌旁正常组织(x2=8.531,p＜0.01);②结肠癌组织中RASSF1A基因mRNA和蛋白袁达均显著低于癌旁组织(癌组织和癌旁正常组织中mRNA相对表达量分别为0.2836±0.0493和0.5092±0.0433,P＜0.001;以上组织中蛋白相对表达量分别为0.3124±0.0472和0.5320±0.0440,P＜0.01);③在结肠癌组织中,甲基化组RASSF1A基因mRNA和蛋白表达明显低于非甲基化组(甲基化组和非甲基化组mRNA相对表达量分别为0.0686±0.0174和0.5511±0.0486,P＜0.0001;以上组中蛋白相对表达量分别为0.1219±0.0326和0.5614±0.0380,P＜0.0001).结论:结肠癌组织中RASSF1A基因启动子区甲基化明显增高,与该基因蛋白表达减少显著相关,这可能是导致结肠癌中RASSF1A抑癌基因失活的主要因为.     

人呼吸道合胞病毒RNA聚合酶复合体蛋白N、P的表达鉴定

本研究根据编码A亚型人呼吸道合胞病毒(Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus,HRSV)核壳体蛋白(Nucleocapsid protein, N)和磷蛋白(phosphoprotein, P)的基因序列,各设计一对特异性的引物,应用RT-PCR技术,从感染HRSV的HEp-2细胞中扩增获得n和p的基因片断,克隆至真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+).获得的重组质粒通过脂质体Lipofectamine 2000转染COS-7细胞,72 h后再用Western blot鉴定蛋白的表达.结果显示真核表达载体pcDNA3.1(+)/N和pcDNA3.1(+)/P的限制性内切酶分析结果与预期一致,基因序列分析显示没有发生无义突变,利用蛋白印记方法也检测到了N和P的特异性条带.于是我们认为成功构建了含有HRSV N和P编码基因的真核表达载体,在真核细胞内能顺利表达.为进一步开展HRSV反向遗传学等研究奠定了基础.