黑水虻抗菌肽HI-3对人结肠癌HCT-8细胞 谷氨酰胺和谷氨酸代谢通路的影响

【目的】研究黑水虻Hermetia illucens抗菌肽HI-3对人结肠癌HCT-8细胞氨基酸代谢的影响,以丰富对其抑癌机理的认识。【方法】采用CCK-8法测定不同浓度(80, 160和320 μg/mL)抗菌肽HI-3对HCT-8细胞的抑制率;利用GC-MS进行HCT-8细胞代谢物测定,通过基于R软件的通路分析找出氨基酸含量差异最显著的氨基酸代谢通路并筛选出该通路靶标酶。320 μg/mL HI-3处理HCT-8细胞后,利用酶活性检测试剂盒测定靶标酶谷氨酰胺酶(GLS)活性;利用RT-qPCR和Western blot技术分别对HCT-8细胞的GLS基因进行mRNA及蛋白表达水平的测定;利用生化试剂盒和ELISA试剂盒检测HCT-8细胞内谷氨酰胺和谷氨酸代谢通路涉及的重要代谢物谷氨酰胺(Gln)、谷氨酸(Glu)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、α-酮戊二酸(α-KG)和ATP含量的变化。【结果】浓度为80, 160和20 μg/mLHI-3对HCT-8细胞的抑制率分别为33.85%±3.50%, 46.26%±0.90%和55.53%±1.70%,且抑制率随HI 3浓度升高而增大。320 μg/mL HI-3处理对谷氨酰胺和谷氨酸代谢通路的影响最大,其中氨基酸代谢物含量与阴性对照组(0 μg/mL HI-3)相比差异最为显著;这一通路中的靶标酶GLS活性及其GLS的mRNA和蛋白表达水平均极显著低于阴性对照组;另外与此通路相关的重要代谢物Gln, Glu, GSH, α-KG和ATP含量与阴性对照组相比亦显著减少。【结论】浓度为320 μg/mL黑水虻抗菌肽HI-3对HCT-8细胞谷氨酰胺和谷氨酸代谢通路影响最为显著,并能通过阻碍该通路来显著抑制HCT-8细胞的增殖。     

长春新碱PEG-PE胶束的制备及其对乳腺癌细胞生长的抑制

为提高长春新碱(VCR)的抗肿瘤活性并降低其毒副作用,利用聚乙二醇衍生化磷脂酰乙醇胺(PEG-PE)聚合物胶束作为载体制备了包载VCR的PEG-PE胶束(VCR胶束),对其理化性质和体外抗肿瘤活性进行研究.采用透射电镜观察胶束的外观形态,动态光散射法测定粒径和粒度分布,HPLC法测定包封率和体外释放度,MTT法测定VCR胶束及游离VCR对MCF-7细胞的毒性.透射电镜负染照片显示,VCR胶束呈不规则的球状结构,粒度分布窄而均一,平均粒径在(11.1±0.1)nm;VCR能有效被PEG-PE胶束包载,VCR与PEG-PE的摩尔比在1∶2～1∶10的范围内包载量均大于95%;体外释放度和耐稀释试验结果表明,VCR胶束在HBS和血清(pH7.0)两种释放介质中稳定,释放符合一级动力学释药模型;体外细胞毒试验表明,VCR胶束能显著提高VCR对MCF-7细胞生长的抑制作用.制得的VCR纳米胶束具有良好的稳定性、较高包封率和显著提高VCR的抗肿瘤活性,表明PEG-PE胶束将是VCR的一个高效输送载体.     

S100A8通过自噬促进B细胞淋巴瘤耐药性的机制研究

B细胞淋巴瘤是起源于淋巴造血系统的恶性肿瘤,是由分化过程中淋巴细胞恶性转化的复杂过程引起的.B细胞淋巴瘤细胞的耐药性是制约B细胞淋巴瘤治疗的关键因素.自噬是细胞成分降解和再循环的重要细胞生物学过程,近年来其与肿瘤耐药性的相关性受到越来越多的关注.S100A8是钙结合蛋白S100家族的重要成员,其在淋巴瘤的的耐药调控中发...     

细胞自噬的基因调控及其与稻瘟病的关系

细胞自噬是真核生物中广泛存在的过程,并且在进化上十分保守.在真核生物分化和发育的过程中,它参与胞内细胞器和蛋白质的周转,被认为在细胞的形态建成方面发挥重要作用.现就细胞自噬的分子机制和功能做一介绍,并对稻瘟病菌细胞自噬的研究现状进行了回顾.     

低频脉冲电场逆转MCF-7/ADR对高三尖杉酯碱和长春新碱的耐药性

为了探讨低频脉冲电场对人乳腺癌多药耐药细胞系MCF-7/ADR耐药性的逆转作用及机制,采用MTT比色法检测MCF-7/ADR的耐药指数和耐药性的逆转倍数,荧光显微镜观察脉冲电场对MCF-7/ADR细胞内DiOC2(3)(P-gp的特异性荧光底物)积累和外排的影响。结果发现,在低频脉冲电场不影响MCF-7/ADR细胞生长的情况下,不同时间的电场作用均能逆转MCF-7/A的多药耐药,对高三尖杉酯碱(HHT)耐药性的逆转倍数在1.429～1.848之间,对长春新碱(VCR)耐药性的逆转倍数在1.473～2.090之间,45min电场作用的逆转效果最好,其次是30min电场作用。药物积累和外排实验结果表明,脉冲电场作用45min能使细胞内的DiOC2(3)积累明显增加,而30min电场作用能显著抑制DiOC2(3)的外排。促进药物积累和抑制其外排可能是脉冲电场逆转多药耐药的机制之一。     

lncRNA XIST-miR137-ATG5调节细胞自噬功能在肠癌细胞5-氟胞嘧啶耐药性中的作用

摘要 目的：本文旨在研究长链非编码RNA XIST-miR137-ATG5的相互作用,同时探讨其调节细胞自噬功能与肠癌细胞5-氟胞嘧啶敏感性的关系。方法：实时聚合酶链反应(real time PCR)检测XIST与miR-137在肠癌细胞中的表达;采用脂质体转染法将si-XIST,miR-137转染入肠癌SW480及HCT116细胞中。采用CCK-8检测瞬时转染si-XIST对肠癌细胞增殖及5-FU敏感性的影响;并利用双荧光素酶报告实验检测miR-137与XIST, miR-137与ATG5相互关系。Western blot方法检测XIST- miR137- ATG5对细胞自噬的影响。结果：与正常结肠细胞FHC比较, XIST在结肠癌细胞系明显高表达,miR-137在结肠癌细胞系明显低表达。与阴性对照组比较,转染si-XIST后,SW480及HCT116细胞增殖能力明显受到抑制,对F-5U的敏感性增强,且抑制自噬蛋白Beclin-1及LC3II/LC3 I的表达。miR-137可与XIST,ATG5 3''UTR结合,抑制XIST和ATG5的表达及功能。在结肠癌SW480细胞中共转染miR-137 inhibitor或过表达ATG5可逆转XIST沉默引起的5-FU耐药,同时可逆转因XIST沉默引起的自噬蛋白表达的抑制。结论：LncRNA XIST或可通过调控mir137-ATG促进结直肠癌细胞SW480自噬从而提高其对5-FU的耐药,针对其这一机制,可为将来针对结肠癌的靶向治疗提供一定的实验基础。     

变形链球菌细胞壁对EAhy926细胞TLR4、IL-6和IL-8表达的影响

【目的】观察变形链球菌细胞壁对EAhy926细胞的增殖活性、TLR4的表达和炎性细胞因子IL-6和IL-8分泌的影响,初步探讨变形链球菌致血管内皮细胞TLR4表达、炎症反应及其两者之间的关系。【方法】变形链球菌细胞壁作用于EAhy926细胞,MTT法检测EAhy926细胞的增殖活性;RT-PCR法检测EAhy926细胞TLR4、IL-6和IL-8 mRNA的表达;流式细胞术检测EAhy926细胞表面TLR4的表达;细胞生物活性方法和ELISA分别检测EAhy926细胞IL-6和IL-8的分泌;抗体阻断实验观察IL-6和IL-8的表达与TLR4的关系。【结果】不同浓度的变形链球菌细胞壁作用6 h可促进EAhy926细胞的增殖(P0.05),但12 h后可明显抑制该细胞的生长(P0.05),呈现显著的时间和剂量依赖性。变形链球菌细胞壁作用于EAhy926细胞后,TLR4 mRNA和蛋白水平的表达量随着作用时间延长而逐渐增高,在16 h达到高峰,24 h后又逐渐下降(P0.01);IL-6和IL-8的表达也呈现明显的时间依赖性增高(P0.05)。经TLR4抗体阻断后,变形链球菌细胞壁刺激EAhy926细胞IL-6和IL-8的产生明显减少(P0.01)。【结论】变形链球菌细胞壁可明显抑制EAhy926细胞的生长,上调该细胞TLR4的表达,促进炎性细胞因子IL-6和IL-8的分泌;IL-6和IL-8的产生与TLR4的表达上调密切相关。     

siRNA干扰PDGFRβ促进胃癌MGC-803/VCR细胞的凋亡

为研究血小板衍生生长因子受体β(PDGFRβ)在胃癌组织和长春新碱(vincristine, VCR)耐药胃癌细胞MGC-803/VCR中的表达,并探讨PDGFRβ沉默对MGC-803/VCR细胞增殖和凋亡的影响,本研究分别通过免疫组化和蛋白质印迹法(Western blotting)检测PDGFRβ蛋白在胃癌组织和耐药细胞株中的表达水平。通过Lipofectamine 2000将PDGFRβ小干扰RNA (si-PDGFRβ)转染到MGC-803/VCR细胞,Western blotting检测转染后PDGFRβ蛋白表达水平,Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8)和流式细胞术分别检测si-PDGFRβ对VCR诱导人胃癌MGC-803细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。研究结果显示:PDGFRβ蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达显著高于正常胃组织;PDGFRβ蛋白在MGC-803/VCR细胞中的表达极显著高于MGC-803细胞,并且转染si-PDGFRβ后MGC-803/VCR细胞的PDGFRβ蛋白表达水平显著降低;1μmol/L、2μmol/L、4μmol/L、8μmol/L的VCR诱导MGC-803/VCR细胞后,si-PDGFRβ组细胞增殖抑制率分别为(21.97±0.84)%、(37.63±1.32)%、(55.77±1.39)%和(72.17±1.16)%,与对照组的(13.60±0.49)%、(22.33±1.01)%、(38.30±1.56)%和(52.90±1.08)%分别比较有极显著的差异(p<0.01);流式检测结果显示,与对照组的细胞凋亡率(13.61±0.49)%比较,发现si-PDGFRβ组胃癌MGC-803/VCR细胞凋亡率为(29.80±0.64)%,说明两者差异极显著(p<0.01)。本研究初步结论表明,si RNA干扰PDGFRβ能够促进VCR诱导的胃癌MGC-803/VCR细胞凋亡。     

细胞自噬对乙肝病毒感染细胞干扰素表达的影响

[目的]细胞自噬(Autophagy)是真核细胞用于清除胞内聚集物、损伤细胞器而维持其稳态平衡的一种溶酶体降解途径.细胞自噬不仅在细胞生长发育、成熟、分化等过程中起重要作用,且与病毒感染、细胞免疫密切相关.通过研究细胞自噬对乙肝病毒感染的Ⅰ型干扰素的影响,为进一步阐明乙肝病毒感染对机体天然免疫反应研究奠定基础.[方法]通过siRNA干扰Beclin1和Atg7表达,检测自噬小体形成,Real-TimePCR检测干扰素因子表达,分析了细胞自噬对乙肝病毒感染细胞中干扰素形成的影响.[结果]干扰Beclin1和Atg7均可抑制细胞自噬发生,抑制细胞自噬可降低干扰素因子的表达,而对细胞活力和细胞凋亡无明显影响.[结论]抑制细胞自噬,可降低HBV感染细胞中IFNβ和IFI27的表达,这在一定程度上意味着,HBV诱导的自噬具有增强感染细胞天然免疫反应的作用.     

新型多胺代谢酶抑制剂SI-4650对结肠癌CT-26细胞增殖的影响及其机制

目的:探讨本实验室新发现的新型多胺代谢酶小分子抑制剂SI-4650对结肠癌CT-26细胞增殖、自噬和凋亡的影响。方法:体外培养CT-26细胞,以0μmol·L^-1SI-4650处理48 h细胞为正常对照组,单独2.5 mmol·L^-13-MA处理细胞为自噬抑制对照组,40、80μmol·L^-1SI-4650处理48 h细胞以及3-MA联合40、80μmol·L^-1SI-4650处理48 h细胞为4个实验组,化学发光法检测CT-26细胞中多胺代谢酶SMO和APAO酶活性的变化,HPLC法检测细胞中多胺含量的变化,CCK8法检测CT-26细胞增殖能力变化; PI单染结合流式细胞术分析细胞周期; Western blot法分析细胞自噬; PI/FITC-Annexin V双染、JC-1荧光探针和Fluo-3 AM钙离子荧光探针分别结合流式细胞术以及Western blot法分析细胞凋亡。结果:与正常对照组比较,40、80μmol·L^-1SI-4650实验组细胞生长抑制率分别为36.9...     

Effect of oregano essential oil and carvacrol on Cryptosporidium parvum infectivity in HCT-8 cells

Cryptosporidium parvum is the second leading cause of persistent diarrhea among children in low-resource settings. This study examined the effect of oregano essential oil (OEO) and carvacrol (CV) on inhibition of C. parvum infectivity in vitro. HCT-8 cells were seeded (1 × 10⁶) in 96-well microtiter plates until confluency. Cell viability and infectivity were assessed by seeding HCT-8 cell monolayers with C. parvum oocysts (1 × 10⁴) in two modalities: 1) 4 h co-culture with bioactive (0–250 μg/mL) followed by washing and incubation (48 h, 37 °C, 5% CO₂) in bioactive-free media; and 2) 4 h co-culture of C. parvum oocysts followed by washing and treatment with bioactive (0–250 μg/mL) during 48-h incubation. Cell viability was tested using Live/Dead? assay whereas infectivity was measured using C. parvum-specific antibody staining via immunofluorescence detection. Loss of cell viability was observed starting at 125 μg/mL and 60 μg/mL for OEO and CV, respectively. Neither OEO nor CV modulated the invasion of C. parvum sporozoites in HCT-8 cells. Treatment with bioactive after invasion reduced relative C. parvum infectivity in a dose-dependent manner to 55.6 ± 10.4% and 45.8 ± 4.1% at 60 and 30 μg/mL of OEO and CV, respectively. OEO and CV are potential bioactives to counteract C. parvum infection in children.     

CUL4B increases platinum‐based drug resistance in colorectal cancer through EMT: A study in its mechanism

Platinum‐based chemotherapy drugs play a very important role in the treatment of patients with advanced colorectal cancer, but the drug resistance of platinum‐based chemotherapy drugs is an important topic that puzzles us. If we can find mechanisms of resistance, it will be revolutionary for us. We analysed the differential genes, core genes and their enrichment pathways in platinum‐resistant and non‐resistant patients through a public database. Platinum‐resistant cell lines were cultured in vitro for in vitro colony and Transwell analysis. Tumorigenesis analysis of nude mice in vivo. Verify the function of core genes. Through differential gene and enrichment analysis, we found that CUL4B was the main factor affecting platinum drug resistance and EMT. Our hypothesis was further verified by in vitro drug‐resistant and wild‐type cell lines and in vivo tumorigenesis analysis of nude mice. CUL4B leads to platinum drug resistance in colorectal cancer by affecting tumour EMT.     

Curcumin induces apoptosis in human colorectal carcinoma (HCT-15) cells by regulating expression of Prp4 and p53

Curcumin (diferuloylmethane), the yellow pigment of turmeric, is one of the most commonly used and extensively studied phytochemicals due to its pleiotropic effects in several human cancers. In the current study, the therapeutic efficacy of curcumin was investigated in human colorectal carcinoma HCT-15 cells. Curcumin inhibited HCT-15 cells proliferation and induced apoptosis in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Hoechst 33342 and DCFHDA staining revealed morphological and biochemical features of apoptosis as well as ROS generation in HCT-15 cells treated with 30 and 50 μM curcumin. Over-expression of pre-mRNA processing factor 4B (Prp4B) and p53 mutations have been reported as hallmarks of cancer cells. Western blot analysis revealed that curcumin treatment activated caspase-3 and decreased expression of p53 and Prp4B in a time-dependent manner. Transfection of HCT-15 cells with Prp4B clone perturbed the growth inhibition induced by 30 μM curcumin. Fractionation of cells revealed increased accumulation of Prp4B in the nucleus, following its translocation from the cytoplasm. To further evaluate the underlying mechanism and survival effect of Prp4B, we generated siRNA-Prp4B HCT15 clones. Knockdown of Prp4B with siRNA diminished the protective effects of Prp4B against curcumin-induced apoptosis. These results suggest a possible underlying molecular mechanism in which Prp4B over-expression and activity are closely associated with the survival and regulation of apoptotic events in human colon cancer HCT-15 cells.     

黑水虻幼虫抗菌肽HI-3对结肠癌HCT-8细胞凋亡影响及其机制研究

黑水虻作为一种全球广泛分布的昆虫,因生长环境决定了其丰富的抗菌肽来源,目前针对黑水虻抗菌肽的研究已逐渐从抗菌转向了抗癌。本文研究黑水虻抗菌肽HI-3对HCT-8细胞凋亡影响,探索其可能的抑癌机制,旨在为后续黑水虻抗菌肽抗肿瘤应用的研究提供作用靶点。采用流式细胞仪检测抗菌肽HI-3对HCT-8细胞凋亡率、线粒体膜电位、钙离子及活性氧(Reactive oxygen species, ROS)水平变化的影响;酶标仪检测抗菌肽HI-3对半胱天冬酶(Caspase)-3和Caspase-9活力的影响;并通过荧光定量PCR技术和蛋白芯片技术检测细胞凋亡相关基因和蛋白表达情况。结果表明,抗菌肽HI-3可以诱导HCT-8细胞凋亡,且随处理浓度增加,凋亡率亦增加,当浓度达到400μg/mL时,HCT-8细胞凋亡率与阴性对照组及其他处理组相比均有显著性差异(P<0.05);HI-3处理后HCT-8细胞内线粒体膜电位、钙离子浓度及ROS水平均随处理浓度增加而升高,当浓度达到400μg/mL时达到最高,各处理浓度下3组数值与阴性对照组相比均存在显著差异(P<0.05);随着HI-3处理浓度增加H...     

Mechanisms of radioresistance and the underlying signaling pathways in colorectal cancer cells

Radiotherapy is one of the most common modalities for the treatment of a wide range of tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC); however, radioresistance of cancer cells remains a major limitation for this treatment. Following radiotherapy, the activities of various cellular mechanisms and cell signaling pathways are altered, resulting in the development of radioresistance, which leads to therapeutic failure and poor prognosis in patients with cancer. Furthermore, even though several inhibitors have been developed to target tumor resistance, these molecules can induce side effects in nontumor cells due to low specificity and efficiency. However, the role of these mechanisms in CRC has not been extensively studied. This review discusses recent studies regarding the relationship between radioresistance and the alterations in a series of cellular mechanisms and cell signaling pathways that lead to therapeutic failure and tumor recurrence. Our review also presents recent advances in the in vitro/in vivo study models aimed at investigating the radioresistance mechanism in CRC. Furthermore, it provides a relevant biochemical basis in theory, which can be useful to improve radiotherapy sensitivity and prolong patient survival.     

Gambogenic acid reverses P-glycoprotein mediated multidrug resistance in HepG2/Adr cells and its underlying mechanism

Gambogenic acid (GNA), an active ingredient isolated from Gamboge, which possesses diverse antitumor effects in vivo and vitro. Here we were mainly designed to understand the role of GNA in drug resistance in HepG2/Adr cells. The alteration of cytotoxic drugs IC₅₀ was examined using the MTT method. Cell apoptosis and uptake of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates were measured under a flow cytometry and fluorescence microscope, respectively. Moreover, the ATPase activity, the expression of P-gp and P-gp-related proteins were also investigated. Results of the MTT method indicated that GNA increased the chemosensitivity of doxorubicin (DOX) and paclitaxel (PTX) in the HepG2/Adr cells and promoted the cell apoptosis in the presence of DOX. Meanwhile, it was also increased the retention of P-gp substrates DOX and Rhodamine 123 (Rho-123) while did not affect the ATPase activity. Furthermore, the down-regulation of P-gp expression could be contributed to multidrug resistance (MDR) upon a reversal concentration of 0.8?μg/mL GNA. Mechanistically, the expression of P-gp was reduced by GNA may result from the inhibition of the NF-kB and MAPK pathway. Collectively, GNA could be a potential inhibitor to reverse P-gp-mediated MDR in liver cancer therapy.