空气负离子对自发和环磷酰胺诱发的小鼠骨髓嗜多染性成红细胞微核率的影响

我们以前的研究表明负离子对~(60)Co-γ线诱发的急性和慢性损伤有明显的防护作用。本文以小鼠骨髓嗜多染性成红细胞(PCE)微核率为指标,探讨负离子对正常小鼠有无细胞毒性和对环磷酰胺(CP)诱发的遗传损伤有无防护作用。用负离子处理昆明小鼠60天后不注射CP直接取样;用负离子分别处理小鼠15天、30天和60天后注射CP,6小时后取样。镜检骨髓PCE微核并做统计处理。结果表明,负离子促进小鼠的生长发育且不导致潜在损伤;负离子对CP诱发的遗传损伤有明显的防护作用。     

甘肃棘豆草中苦马豆素的提取分离工艺比较研究

以甘肃棘豆草为试验材料,通过工业酒精热回流提取、水提取和酸水提取3种工艺提取其中的总生物碱,总生物碱经硅胶柱层析分离后减压升华得到,并比较了3种工艺对甘肃棘豆中总生物碱得率和苦马豆素得率的差异。结果表明,3种工艺总生物碱平均得率和苦马豆素平均得率依次分别为7.91、6.79、6.22 mg/g和18.61、12.22、6.23μg/g,由此确定工业酒精热回流为提取苦马豆素的最佳提取分离工艺。     

Studies on the Chemical Components of Oxytropis ochrocephala Bunge

Oxytropis ochrocephala Bunge has been characterized as one of the most destructive plants to livestock in the North-Western China. Its chemical components have not been studied. We have been isolated four flavonoids from the aerial parts of Oxytropis ochrocephala Bunge. They have been identified as quercetin, rhamnocitrin, isoquercitrin and rhamnocitrin-3-glucoside by UV, IR, 1HNMR and MS spectra of these flavonoids. Their acetyl derivatives have been prepared and their 1HNMR and MS spectra are fully in accord with this conclusion. The rhamnocitrin-3-glucoside has been found first of all in Oxytropis species. It is perhaps valuable for chemotaxonomy of Oxytropis genus.     

镰形棘豆化学成分的研究

采用柱层析(CC)、短柱减压层析、重结晶等分离手段,从镰形棘豆乙醇提取液中分得7个已知化合物,经波谱分析鉴定为N-苯甲酰基-2-苯基乙胺(1),N-肉桂酰基-2-苯基-2-乙胺(2),N-苯甲酰基-2-羟基-2-苯基乙胺(3),2′-羟基-4′-甲氧基查儿酮(4),7-甲氧基黄烷酮(5)、5-羟基-7-甲氧基黄烷酮(6),β-谷甾醇(7).化合物1～3、5、6均为首次从该植物中分到.药理实验表明化合物4,5对人胃癌细胞株SGC有较强的细胞毒活性,IC50分别为3.61和6.11 μg/mL.     

Rhizobium qilianshanense sp. nov., a novel species isolated from root nodule of Oxytropis ochrocephala Bunge in China

During a study of the diversity and phylogeny of rhizobia isolated from root nodules of Oxytropis ochrocephala grown in the northwest of China, four strains were classified in the genus Rhizobium on the basis of their 16S rRNA gene sequences. These strains have identical 16S rRNA gene sequences, which showed a mean similarity of 94.4 % with the most closely related species, Rhizobium oryzae. Analysis of recA and glnA sequences showed that these strains have less than 88.1 and 88.7 % similarity with the defined species of Rhizobium, respectively. The genetic diversity revealed by ERIC-PCR fingerprinting indicated that the isolates correspond to different strains. Strain CCNWQLS01^T contains Q-10 as the predominant ubiquinone. The major fatty acids were identified as feature 8 (C18: 1ω7c and/or C18: 1ω6c; 67.2 %). Therefore, a novel species Rhizobium qilianshanense sp. nov. is proposed, and CCNWQLS01^T (= ACCC 05747^T = JCM 18337^T) is designated as the type strain.     

Partial Purification and Some Properties of Thyroid Peroxidase Solubilized by Extraction with n-Butanol

Thyroid peroxidase has been extracted In 100% yield from suspensions of frozen pig thyroid “microsomes” by treatment with aqueous n-hutanol at pH 8.9. The solubilized enzyme does not sediment at 105, 000 × g in 1 hour, is retarded on a Sephadex G-200 gel and contains no membrane-like structures detectable by electron microscopy. Additional purification of the aqueous butanol extract is achieved by isoelectric precipitation and ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE cellulose. The partially purified TPO is recovered in 90% yield, with a 55 fold increase in specific TPO activity over the homogenate and a final nucleic acid content of about 4%. The phospholipid content is reduced to 10–15% of the 105.000 × g particles.

The partially purified preparations catalyze the peroxidation of guaiacol and the iodination of moniodotyrosine. The preparation solubilized by butanol is subject to aggregation as either protein or ionic concentration is increased. Aggregation is partialis reversed by dilution of protein, reduction of ionic strength or by the addition of detergents.     

文冠果种子油提取工艺

以石油醚（60~90℃）为溶剂,通过单因素和正交实验优化了提取文冠果种子油工艺,得到的最佳工艺参数为：种仁粒径为2 mm,提取温度为90℃,提取时间为10 h,料液比为1：5（W/V）。在最佳提取条件下,平均提取率可达62.49%。利用高效液相色谱技术分析了油脂的脂肪酸组成,结果表明其主要成分与一般生物柴油主要成分基本相同,文冠果种子油将是生产生物柴油原料的新来源。     

Lack of Mutagenicity of the Fungicide 2,4,5,6-Tetrachloroisophthalonitrile in the Ames Salmonella/Microsome Test

The fungicide 2,4,5,6-tetrachloroisophthalonitrile was found to be not mutagenic to five Salmonella typhimurium tester strains. Incorporation of either a liver or a kidney activation system did not increase the mutagenic activity of the fungicide.     

Extraction and preparative purification of tanshinones from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge by high-speed counter-current chromatography

A method for extraction and preparative separation of tanshinones from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge was successfully established in this paper. Tanshinones from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge were extracted using ethyl acetate as the extractant under reflux. The extracts were then purified by high speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) with light petroleum-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (6:4:6.5:3.5, v/v) as the two phase solvent system. The upper phase was used as the stationary phase and the lower phase as the mobile phase. 8.2mg of dihydrotanshinone I, 5.8 mg of 1,2,15,16-tetrahydrotanshiquinone, 26.3mg of cryptotanshinone, 16.2mg of tanshinone I, 25.6 mg of neo-przewaquinone A, 68.8 mg of tanshinone IIA and 9.3mg of miltirone were obtained from 400mg of extracts from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge in one-step HSCCC separation, with the purity of 97. 6%, 95.1%, 99.0%, 99.1%, 93.2%, 99.3% and 98.7%, respectively, as determined by HPLC area normalization method. Their chemical structures were identified by 1H NMR.     

小鼠肝脏MicroRNA的提取与分离

本文对小鼠肝脏microRNA进行分离制备及相关性功能研究.采用poly(A)加尾方法,分离提取小鼠肝脏中的microRNA;利用T4 RNA连接酶,在microRNA两端加上连接引物,通过RT PCR制备microRNA的cDNA文库;经过对cDNA文库的质粒连接,克隆测序获得microRNA. 结果显示：获得4条有效序列,其中包括2条已知序列miR 122和2条未知小分子RNA序列.经查证, 2条microRNA片段在miRBase库中未有记录,在二级结构分析中可形成茎环结构,符合microRNA的特征. BLAST比对显示： 2个序列位于小鼠载脂蛋白B基因和小鼠28S核糖体RNA上,可能与基因调控有关,其功能有待进一步研究.     

n-Butanol induces depolymerization of microtubules in vivo and in vitro

The effects of butanol on microtubules (MTs) were examined by immunofluorescence microscopy. Fragmentation of cortical MTs was induced by n-butanol, but not by s- and t-butanols, in cultured tobacco BY-2 cells. Taxol prevented n-butanol-induced MT fragmentation. Fragmented cortical MTs were still attached to the inner face of the plasma membrane when n-butanol-treated protoplasts were ruptured on the slide glass. Moreover, MTs were depolymerized in the presence of n-butanol in vitro. Therefore, n-butanol is not only an activator of phospholipase D but also an effective MT-depolymerizing agent.