葡萄籽中原花青素对实验动物主动脉收缩和血小板聚集的影响

目的:研究葡萄籽中原花青素(PA)对大鼠离体主动脉平滑肌收缩活动和兔血小板聚集的影响.方法:采用大鼠离体主动脉环灌流方法,记录主动脉环张力变化,观察PA对去甲肾上腺素(NA)和KCl预收缩大鼠离体主动脉平滑肌收缩反应的舒张作用以及对NA量效曲线的影响.比浊法测定兔血小板聚集.结果:PA能明显抑制NA(10-6mol/L)预收缩大鼠离体主动脉环的反应,使NA量效曲线压低,最大反应降低,此作用无内皮依赖性,但对KCl预收缩主动脉环的舒张作用无明显影响,也不影响花生四烯酸(AA),ADP和胶原(collagen)蛋白诱导的兔血小板聚集.结论:PA能对抗NA而不影响KCl诱导的大鼠离体主动脉平滑肌的收缩,不影响兔血小板聚集.     

L—精氨酸L—门冬氨酸盐对血小板功能的抑制

用血小板聚集、粘附、释放实验和出血时间测定观察L-精氨酸*L-门冬氨酸盐(DR)对血小板功能的作用。实验结果显示DR15mg/kg静脉给药,可明显抑制腺苷二磷酸(ADP)诱导的大鼠血小板聚集(P<0.01);15mg/kg单次口服给药可明显抑制ADP诱导的家兔血小板聚集;其药效可持续8h以上(P<0.01);DR7.5、15、30mg/kg灌胃给药(Bid×3.5d),可明显抑制ADP、胶原或凝血酶诱导的大鼠血小板聚集(P<0.01),并延长出血时间(P<0.05)。DR30mg/kg可明显抑制大鼠血小板粘附,并促进血管内皮释放前列环素(PGI2),但对活化的血小板释放血拴素(TXA2)无明显影响。本研究发现,DR可抑制血小板聚集和粘附功能,其作用机制不同于阿司匹林。这些作用部分是由于DR增加了血管内皮PGI2的释放。此结果为血小板功能的调节提供了新线索。     

人参皂甙Rg1抗OxLDL诱导内皮细胞凋亡及分子机制

目的 探讨人参皂甙Rg1抑制氧化低密度脂蛋白（oxidized low-density lipoprotein,OxLDL)诱导血管内皮细胞凋亡的作用及其相关分子机制。方法 以体外培养的牛主动脉内皮细胞为模型。分别加入OxLDL200μg/ml(OxLDL组）和OxLDL200μg/ml Rg140μg/ml（Rg1组）;对照组不加任何诱导物,培养24小时后观察细胞形态变化,DNA电泳,TUNEL染色检测细胞有无凋亡及凋亡的程度,Western blot分析各组内皮细胞型一氧化氮合酶（endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase,eNOS)的表达水平。结果 （1）对照组和OxLDL组血管内皮细胞凋亡比例分别为8%和41.35%;(2)Rg1组血管内皮细胞凋亡比例为13.29%;(3)OxLDL抑制牛主动脉内皮细胞的eNOS表达水平,此抑制作用具有剂量依赖性。人参皂甙Rg1可使被OxLDL抑制的eNOS表达水平回升。结论 （1）OxLDL能诱导血管内皮细胞凋亡。（2）人参皂甙Rg1能抑制OxLDL诱导的血管内皮细胞凋亡。（3）此作用可能与上调内皮细胞的eNOS水平,减轻细胞的脂质过氧化损伤有关。     

美皂异黄酮非内皮依赖性血管舒张作用及其机制

目的:探讨植物雌激素美皂异黄酮舒张血管的可能机制。方法:采用MedLab生物信号采集系统记录灌流大鼠胸主动脉环张力变化。结果:美皂异黄酮(10-9~10-4mol/L)对苯肾上腺素(PE,10-5mol/L)预收缩的内皮完整或去内皮血管环均产生浓度依赖性的舒张作用;美皂异黄酮对高浓度氯化钾(KCl,6×10-2mol/L)预收缩的血管环也产生浓度依赖性的舒张作用;四乙胺(TEA,5×10-3mol/L)或格列苯脲(3×10-6mol/L)预处理对美皂异黄酮诱导的去内皮动脉环舒张作用具有明显的抑制效应;在无钙液中,美皂异黄酮抑制PE引起的去内皮主动脉环的短暂收缩。结论:美皂异黄酮的非内皮依赖性血管舒张作用的机制可能涉及血管平滑肌细胞的Ca2+激活K+通道和ATP敏感性K+通道的激活,以及肌浆网内钙离子释放的减少。     

白藜芦醇甙对血小板聚集功能及内钙水平的影响

为了研究白藜芦醇甙(polydatin,PD)的抗血小板聚集作用及对细胞内钙水平的影响,并探讨其抗血栓形成作用的机制,应用Bom比浊法和Grynkiewicz方法分别测定PD对兔血小板聚集功能和血小板内钙水平的影响。PD在体外显著抑制花生四烯酸(arachidonic acid,AA)和腺苷二磷酸(adenosine diplrasphate,ADP)诱导的富血小板血浆中的血小板聚集,其半数抑制浓度(medium inhibitory concentration,IC50)分别为5．13及10．0μmol／L;5、10和20mg／kg的PD静注均明显降低兔血小板聚集率,且呈明显的剂量一效应关系;PD明显减少兔洗涤血小板内钙释放及外钙内流,本实验说明PD体内、外均有明显的抗血小板聚集作用,其机制与其降低血小板内钙浓度密切相关。     

DDAH/ADMA通路在HDL促进内皮细胞NO生成中的作用

目的:观察高密度脂蛋白(HDL)对氧化低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)抑制内皮细胞一氧化氮(NO)生成的保护作用,并探讨其与二甲基精氨酸二甲胺水解酶(DDAH)/非对称性二甲基精氨酸(ADMA)通路的关系.方法:Ox-LDL(1000 g/ml)孵育人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)24小时或不同浓度的HDL(10、50、100μ g/ml)预处理HUVECs细胞1小时,再与ox-LDL(100μ g/ml)共孵育细胞24小时,收集细胞培养上清液检测NO、ADMA的浓度,收集内皮细胞检测DDAH-Ⅱ的mRNA和蛋白表达以及DDAH的活性.结果:Ox-LDL(100μ g/ml)孵育HUVECs24小时后,细胞培养上清液中NO的浓度显著降低,ADMA水平显著增高,细胞内DDAH-Ⅱ的mRNA和蛋白表达以及DDAH的活性均显著降低.HDL(10、50、100μ g/ml)可以拮抗ox-LDL(100μ g/ml)的上述作用.结论:HDL能显著抑制ox-LDL诱导的内皮细胞NO产生减少,其保护作用与其调节DDAH/ADMA通路有关.     

大鼠血小板中的神经肽Y及其对血管收缩的影响

特异性放射免疫分析显示大鼠血小板与富血小板血浆(PRP)分别含NPY免疫活性物质90±16ng/10~7血小板与93±19ng/ml,大大高于普通血浆(1.2±0.1ng/ml)与贫血小板血浆(PPP)(1.7±0.3 ng/ml)中的含量(P<0.001)。血小板样品HPLC各馏分的NPY放免活性峰位与标准NPY的峰位相符。PRP经胶原最大程度聚集后,血小板内的NPY浓度降为34±5 ng/10~7血小板,而PPP中的NPY浓度则升高到26±4 ng/ml。1.6 ml PRP经胶原作用产生最大程度聚集,由此分离所得的PPP引起离体灌流大鼠尾动脉收缩,张力上升380±80 mg;上述PPP经NPY抗血清处理后引起尾动脉收缩的幅度显著减小(190±40 mg,P<0.001)。而1 nmol/L人工合成NPY并不引起血管收缩。结果表明大鼠血小板中含有大量NPY,在不可逆聚集时可以释放,释放的NPY可能参与血小板聚集时释放物质的缩血管效应。     

浙江产蝮蛇蛇毒对血小板聚集的影响

浙江产蝮蛇蛇毒的分离参照涂光俦(1979)的方法。浙江产蝮蛇蛇毒经DEAE-Sephadex A-50柱层析分离后得到14个蛋白峰,各峰的蛋白含量见表1。将收集的各峰经适当稀释后取0.2ml进行酶活力测定,除磷脂A酶活力按吴新陆、陈远聪(1981)方法测定外,其他酶活力测定如前文(云南省动物研究所,1976),然后做各峰对血小板聚集功能的影响,参照阮长耿等(1983)的方法,所用诱导剂的浓度为ADP(2μM),AA(100μg/ml)以及PAF(3×10~(-7)M),用这三种诱导剂诱导键康人对血小板产生不可逆性聚集,聚集强度分别为75％,75％和70％。粗毒在最终浓度为250μg/ml时能完全抑制上述三种诱导剂所致的血小板聚集。     

一氧化氮和动脉粥样硬化

动脉粥样硬化是脂蛋白、单核细胞、巨噬细胞、T淋巴细胞与血管壁内皮细胞相互作用而导致的慢性炎症反应。这个炎症的过程由脂质浸润开始,涉及氧化应激反应,最终导致复杂的病理损伤和斑块的形成,斑块突出入血管,破裂形成血栓而导致急性的心肌梗塞或中风。激活内皮源性的一氧化氮合成酶而生成的一氧化氮（NO）能够预防动脉粥样硬化,并对不周发展阶段的动脉粥样硬化的病理形成均有改善和逆转作用。其生成的NO能抗氧化、清除自由基、抑制低密度脂蛋自在血管壁被氧化,防止氧化低密度脂蛋白（oxLDL）的产生,而影响脂质浸润;能抑制NFKB的激活和核内迁移,阻抑激活的内皮细胞表达黏附分子,减少嗜中性粒细胞和单核细胞的黏附和活化,减少血管壁的炎症反应;能抑制血小板黏附、聚集,抑制凝血酶诱导的血小板活性因子的表达以减少血栓形成;能阻止凋亡,保持内皮细胞的完整性;还能有效地抑制血管平滑肌细胞增殖、迁移和细胞外基质的合成,对动脉粥样硬化病理形成和发展具有阻抑作用。     

滇丹参注射液对兔血小板功能的影响

观察云南产滇丹参对血小板聚集功能的影响.方法采用Bom氏比浊法,测定滇丹参体内、体外对抗ADP、PAF、AA诱导的兔血小板聚集的作用.体外每种药物浓度分别为40 g/L、20 g/L、10 g/L、5 g/L、2.5 g/L,体内实验分为7组,即生理盐水组、两种丹参低中高剂量组分别为5 g/kg、10 g/kg、20 g/kg,每组6只.结果与对照组相比,滇丹参体外显著抑制ADP、AA诱导的血小板聚集,抑制效应呈浓度-效应关系(P＜0.05,0.01),IC50为33.7 g/L(ADP)、18.1 g/L(AA).滇丹参也显著抑制PAF诱导的血小板聚集,其最大抑制率为36.8%;体内实验结果显示,滇丹参在高剂量时可显著抑制ADP、PAF和AA诱导的血小板聚集(P＜0.05,0.01),且均具有剂量依赖性.滇丹参在药后20 min开始显效,40 min达到最大抑制作用,抑制率分别为95.6%(ADP)、91.5%(PAF)和88.5%(AA).结论以上结果表明,滇丹参体外、体内显著抑制血小板聚集,且其抗血小板聚集作用优于丹参,为进一步开发和利用滇丹参提供了依据.     

Activation of guanylate cyclase and inhibition of platelet aggregation by endothelium-derived relaxing factor released from cultured cells

The aggregation of gel-filtered rabbit platelets by 50 microM ADP was inhibited by a labile factor produced by suspensions of cultured bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells. Inhibition of aggregation occurred when indomethacin-treated endothelial cells (6.10(5) per ml) and rabbit platelets (3.2.10(8) per ml) were incubated together. This anti-aggregatory activity was characterized as similar to endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) in that it was unstable at neutral pH and by its inhibition by hemoglobin. The activity was unaffected by treatment of the platelets and endothelial cells with the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin, and by the lipoxygenase inhibitor, BW755c. In association with the anti-aggregatory activity, the levels of cyclic GMP were elevated 4-fold. The effect of the EDRF-like product on the levels of cyclic nucleotides was mimicked by treatment of platelets with sodium nitroprusside, an activator of soluble guanylate cyclase; sodium nitroprusside had no measurable effect on the levels of cyclic nucleotides of endothelial cells. We conclude that a factor with the properties of EDRF inhibits platelet aggregation, and that this is associated with an activation of guanylate cyclase as in smooth muscle. Thus, EDRF may exert an inhibitory effect on platelets in a manner analogous to its actions on vascular smooth muscle.     

Lipopolysaccharide inhibits activation of latent transforming growth factor-β in bovine endothelial cells

The activation of latent transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) by vascular endothelial cells (ECs) is regulated by cellular plasminogen activator (PA)/plasmin, transglutaminase (TGase), and latent TGF-β levels. Because lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been reported to reduce EC surface plasmin levels by increasing the production of the inhibitor of PA, PA inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), we have tested whether LPS might suppress latent TGF-β activation in ECs using two different systems, namely, bovine aortic ECs (BAECs) cocultured with smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and BAECs treated with retinol. BAECs were either cocultured with SMCs after treatment with 15 ng/ml LPS or were treated with 2 μM retinol and/or 10 ng/ml LPS, and the expression of PA, surface plasmin, TGase, and the amounts of active and latent TGF-β secreted into the culture modium were measured. The downregulation of surface PA/plasmin levels with LPS was accompanied by a profound decline of both TGase and latent TGF-β expression as well as the suppression of surface activation of latent TGF-β. The effect was dependent on the concentration of LPS and on treatment time. The formation of TGF-β did not occur in cells maintained in LPS-contaminated culture medium. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Platelet aggregation may not be a prerequisite for collagen-stimulated platelet generation of nitric oxide

By determining the sum of the supernatant concentrations of nitrite and nitrate the stimulated generation of nitric oxide (NO) by human washed platelets induced by a range of fibrillar collagen concentrations (0.0156-25 microg ml(-1)) was investigated. Platelet serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) efflux and platelet aggregation were also measured. Under resting conditions (0 microg ml(-1) collagen) platelet NO release was equivalent to 1.06+/-0.17 nmol per 10(8) platelets. Maximal NO release, equivalent to 2.1+/-0. 37 nmol per 10(8) platelets, was observed with only 0.0625 microg ml(-1) collagen (P<0.02, stimulated vs. resting release), higher collagen concentrations producing no further increases in platelet NO output. By contrast, maximal platelet aggregation and 5-HT efflux did not occur until collagen concentrations of 2.5 microg ml(-1) and 10-25 microg ml-1), respectively, had been achieved. L-NAME (1 mmol l(-1)) and L-NMMA (1 mmol l(-1)) inhibited stimulated platelet NO generation by 78+/-6% and 72%, respectively. Contrasting with fibrillar collagen, fibrillar beta-amyloid protein had no effect on platelet NO generation, or on 5-HT efflux or aggregation. These data perhaps indicate that NO generation by human platelets is stimulated by concentrations of fibrillar collagen insufficient to elicit an aggregatory response. Such a mechanism could operate in vivo to inhibit platelet aggregation which might otherwise be induced by low concentrations of circulating agonists.     

Resveratrol Ameliorates High Glucose and High-Fat/Sucrose Diet-Induced Vascular Hyperpermeability Involving Cav-1/eNOS Regulation

Vascular endothelial hyperpermeability is one of the manifestations of endothelial dysfunction. Resveratrol (Res) is considered to be beneficial in protecting endothelial function. However, currently, the exact protective effect and involved mechanisms of Res on endothelial dysfunction-hyperpermeability have not been completely clarified. The aim of present study is to investigate the effects of Res on amelioration of endothelial hyperpermeability and the role of caveolin-1 (Cav-1)/endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) pathway. Adult male Wistar rats were treated with a normal or high-fat/sucrose diet (HFS) with or without Res for 13 weeks. HFS and in vitro treatment with high glucose increased hyperpermeability in rat aorta, heart, liver and kidney and cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs), respectively, which was attenuated by Res treatment. Application of Res reversed the changes in eNOS and Cav-1 expressions in aorta and heart of rats fed HFS and in BAECs incubated with high glucose. Res stimulated the formation of NO inhibited by high glucose in BAECs. Beta-Cyclodextrin (β-CD), caveolae inhibitor, showed the better beneficial effect than Res alone to up-regulate eNOS phosphorylative levels, while NG-Nitro-77 L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), eNOS inhibitor, had no effect on Cav-1 expression. Our studies suggested that HFS and in vitro treatment with high glucose caused endothelial hyperpermeability, which were ameliorated by Res at least involving Cav-1/eNOS regulation.     

Possible usefulness of apocynin, an NADPH oxidase inhibitor, for nitrate tolerance: prevention of NO donor-induced endothelial cell abnormalities

The long-term benefits of nitroglycerin therapy are limited by tolerance development. Understanding the precise nature of mechanisms underlying nitroglycerin-induced endothelial cell dysfunction may provide new strategies to prevent tolerance development. In this line, we tested interventions to prevent endothelial dysfunction in the setting of nitrate tolerance. When bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) were continuously treated with nitric oxide (NO) donors, including nitroglycerin, over 2-3 days, basal production of nitrite and nitrate (NO(x)) was diminished. The diminished basal NO(x) levels were mitigated by intermittent treatment allowing an 8-h daily nitrate-free interval during the 2- to 3-day treatment period. Addition of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase inhibitor apocynin restored the basal levels of NO(x) that were decreased by continuous nitroglycerin treatment of BAECs. Apocynin caused significant improvement of increased mRNA and protein levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in BAECs given nitroglycerin continuously over the treatment period. Apocynin also reduced endothelial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after continuous nitroglycerin treatment. These results showed an essential similarity to the effects of a nitrate-free interval. Application of the NOS inhibitor N(omega)-nitro- l-arginine methyl ester caused a recovery effect on basal NO(x) and eNOS expression but was without effect on ROS levels in continuously NO donor-treated BAECs. In conclusion, the present study characterized abnormal features and functions of endothelial cells following continuous NO donor application. We suggest that inhibition of NADPH oxidase, by preventing NO donor-induced endothelial dysfunction, may represent a potential therapeutic strategy that confers protection from nitrate tolerance development.     

Chronic effect of doxorubicin on vascular endothelium assessed by organ culture study.

We have attempted to determine the chronic effects of doxorubicin, a commonly used anticancer agent, on vascular endothelium using an organ culture system. In rabbit mesenteric arteries treated with 0.3 microM doxorubicin for 7 days, rounding and concentrated nuclei and TUNEL-positive staining were observed in endothelial cells, indicating DNA damage and the induction of apoptosis. However, the endothelium-dependent relaxation induced by substance P and the expression of mRNA encoding endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) did not differ from those in control arteries. In arteries treated with a higher concentration (1 microM) of doxorubicin, apoptosis and damage to nuclei occurred in the endothelial cells at the third day of treatment, and the detachment and excoriation of endothelium from the tunica interna of the vascular wall were also observed. The impairment of endothelium-dependent relaxation was observed at the fifth day of the treatment with 1 microM doxorubicin. Additionally, apoptotic change in the smooth muscle layer was observed at this concentration of doxorubicin. Apoptotic phenomena were further confirmed by DNA fragmentation using isolated bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) and A7r5 vascular smooth muscle cells, and it was revealed that BAECs are more sensitive than A7r5 to the apoptotic effect of doxorubicin. These results suggest that chronic treatment with doxorubicin at therapeutic concentrations induces apoptosis and excoriation of endothelial cells, which diminishes endothelium-dependent relaxation.     

Nitric oxide preconditioning regulates endothelial monolayer integrity via the heat shock protein 90-soluble guanylate cyclase pathway

Large (pathological) amounts of nitric oxide (NO) induce cell injury, whereas low (physiological) NO concentrations often ameliorate cell injury. We tested the hypotheses that pretreatment of endothelial cells with low concentrations of NO (preconditioning) would prevent injury induced by high NO concentrations. Apoptosis, induced in bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) by exposing them to either 4 mM sodium nitroprusside (SNP) or 0.5 mM N-(2-aminoethyl)-N-(2-hydroxy-2-nitrosohydrazino)-1,2-ethylenediamine (spermine NONOate) for 8 h, was abolished by 24-h pretreatment with either 100 microM SNP, 10 microM spermine NONOate, or 100 microM 8-bromo-cGMP (8-Br-cGMP). Repair of BAECs following wounding, measured as the recovery rate of transendothelial electrical resistance, was delayed by 8-h exposure to 4 mM SNP, and this delay was significantly attenuated by 24-h pretreatment with 100 microM SNP. NO preconditioning produced increased association and expression of soluble guanyl cyclase (sGC) and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90). The protective effect of NO preconditioning, but not the injurious effect of 4 mM SNP, was abolished by either a sGC activity inhibitor 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo-[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) or a HSP90 binding inhibitor (radicicol) and was mimicked by 8-Br-cGMP. We conclude that preconditioning with a low dose of NO donor accelerates repair and maintains endothelial integrity via a mechanism that includes the HSP90/sGC pathway. HSP90/sGC may thus play a role in the protective effects of NO-generating drugs from injurious stimuli.     

Effect of calcium concentration and inhibitors on the responses of platelets stimulated with collagen: contrast between human and rabbit platelets.

1. Variations in the concentration of Ca2+ [Ca2+] in the suspending medium have different effects on the responses of human and rabbit platelets to collagen. 2. When rabbit platelets are stimulated with a low concentration of collagen (0.5 micrograms/ml), aggregation, release of granule contents, and formation of thromboxane are maximal when the suspending medium contains [Ca2+] in the physiological range (0.5-2.0 mM), and very slight in a medium with no added Ca2+. 3. In contrast, human platelets respond most strongly when the suspending medium contains no added Ca2+ [( Ca2+] approx. 20 microM); this is attributable to the enhanced formation of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) upon close platelet-to-platelet contact in this medium. 4. When TXA2 formation is blocked by inhibition of cyclo-oxygenase with aspirin or indomethacin, rabbit platelet aggregation and release in response to 1.25-10 micrograms/ml collagen is also maximal at [Ca2+] of 0.5-2.0 mM and least at 20 microM; human platelets do not aggregate and the extent of release is relatively independent of [Ca2+]. 5. In 1 mM [Ca2+], use of apyrase and/or ketanserin with rabbit platelets in which TXA2 formation is blocked shows that released ADP and serotonin make large contributions to aggregation and release in response to high concentrations of collagen; human platelet aggregation is largely dependent on TXA2. 6. Use of fura-2-loaded platelets shows that the collagen-induced rise in cytosolic [Ca2+] is only slightly inhibited by aspirin or indomethacin in rabbit platelets, but almost completely inhibited in human platelets. 7. Responses of rabbit platelets to collagen are less dependent on TXA2 than those of human platelets. Released ADP and serotonin make major contributions to the responses of rabbit platelets to collagen.     

蒺藜皂苷对糖基化终产物形成及其诱导的内皮细胞功能障碍影响研究

本文探讨蒺藜皂苷(STT)对糖基化终产物(AGEs)形成及AGEs诱导的内皮细胞功能障碍的影响。以荧光法检测AGEs体外形成,MTT法检测细胞存活率,试剂盒方法检测细胞及培养上清液中的一氧化氮(NO)水平、诱导型NO合酶(iNOS)活力和超氧阴离子水平(O2-.)。结果显示STT促进AGEs形成,并加剧AGEs诱导的内皮细胞生长抑制,提高细胞NO分泌,增加iNOS活力和O2-.水平。与海可、替告皂苷元作用进行比较,发现STT的细胞损伤作用可能是海可皂苷元引起的。提示STT未能抑制体外AGEs形成,对AGEs引起的内皮细胞功能障碍无明显保护作用,反而可能通过增强iNOS酶活加剧细胞损伤。     

17β-雌二醇诱导血管内皮细胞一氧化氮释放及其与细胞内钙的关系

利用小牛胸主动脉内皮细胞（ＢＡＥＣｓ）作为模型,观察１７β－雌二醇（Ｅ２）ＢＡＥＣｓ一氧化氮（ＮＯ）释放、一氧化氮合酶（ｅＮＯＳ）ｍＲＮＡ表达和细胞内钙（〔Ｃａ＾２＋〕ｉ）的影响,以及雌激素受体（ＥＲ）拮抗剂ｔａｍｏｘｉｆｅｎ和ＮＯＳ抑制剂（Ｌ－ＮＡＭＥ）的作用。结果显示,Ｅ２（１０＾－１２￣１０＾－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ）呈尝试依赖性促进ＢＡＥＣｓ中ＮＯ的释放,以１０＾－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ浓度Ｅ２处理ＢＡＥＣｓ