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1.
A non‐aqueous lithium‐ion redox flow battery employing organic molecules is proposed and investigated. 2,5‐Di‐tert‐butyl‐1,4‐bis(2‐methoxyethoxy)benzene and a variety of molecules derived from quinoxaline are employed as initial high‐potential and low‐potential active materials, respectively. Electrochemical measurements highlight that the choice of electrolyte and of substituent groups can have a significant impact on redox species performance. The charge‐discharge characteristics are investigated in a modified coin‐cell configuration. After an initial break‐in period, coulombic and energy efficiencies for this unoptimized system are ~70% and ~37%, respectively, with major charge and discharge plateaus between 1.8‐2.4 V and 1.7‐1.3 V, respectively, for 30 cycles. Performance enhancements are expected with improvements in cell design and materials processing. 相似文献
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Xiaoliang Wei Zimin Nie Qingtao Luo Bin Li Baowei Chen Kevin Simmons Vincent Sprenkle Wei Wang 《Liver Transplantation》2013,3(9):1215-1220
A novel low‐cost nanoporous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)/silica composite separator has been prepared and evaluated for its use in an all‐vanadium redox flow battery (VRB). The separator consists of silica particles enmeshed in a PTFE fibril matrix. It possesses unique nanoporous structures with an average pore size of 38 nm and a porosity of 48%. These pores function as the ion transport channels during redox flow battery operation. This separator provides excellent electrochemical performance in the mixed‐acid VRB system. The VRB using this separator delivers impressive energy efficiency, rate capability, and temperature tolerance. In additon, the flow cell using the novel separator also demonstrates an exceptional capacity retention capability over extended cycling, thus offering excellent stability for long‐term operation. The characteristics of low cost, excellent electrochemical performance and proven chemical stability afford the PTFE/silica nanoporous separator great potential as a substitute for the Nafion membrane used in VRB applications. 相似文献
3.
Yunlong Ji Marc‐Antoni Goulet Daniel A. Pollack David G. Kwabi Shijian Jin Diana De Porcellinis Emily F. Kerr Roy G. Gordon Michael J. Aziz 《Liver Transplantation》2019,9(12)
A highly stable phosphonate‐functionalized anthraquinone is introduced as the redox‐active material in a negative potential electrolyte (negolyte) for aqueous redox flow batteries operating at nearly neutral pH. The design and synthesis of 2,6‐DPPEAQ, (((9,10‐dioxo‐9,10‐dihydroanthracene‐2,6‐diyl)bis(oxy))bis(propane‐3,1‐diyl))bis(phosphonic acid), which has a high solubility at pH 9 and above, is described. Chemical stability studies demonstrate high stability at both pH 9 and 12. By pairing 2,6‐DPPEAQ with a potassium ferri/ferrocyanide positive electrolyte across an inexpensive, nonfluorinated permselective polymer membrane, this near‐neutral quinone flow battery exhibits an open‐circuit voltage of 1.0 V and a capacity fade rate of 0.00036% per cycle and 0.014% per day, which is the lowest ever reported for any flow battery in the absence of rebalancing processes. It is further demonstrated that the negolyte pH drifts upward upon atmospheric oxygen penetration but, when oxygen is excluded, oscillates reversibly between 9 and 12 during cycling. These results enhance the suitability of aqueous‐soluble redox‐active organics for use in large‐scale energy storage, potentially enabling massive penetration of intermittent renewable electricity. 相似文献
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A Self‐Forming Composite Electrolyte for Solid‐State Sodium Battery with Ultralong Cycle Life
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Zhizhen Zhang Qinghua Zhang Jinan Shi Yong S. Chu Xiqian Yu Kaiqi Xu Mingyuan Ge Hanfei Yan Wenjun Li Lin Gu Yong‐Sheng Hu Hong Li Xiao‐Qing Yang Liquan Chen Xuejie Huang 《Liver Transplantation》2017,7(4)
Replacing organic liquid electrolyte with inorganic solid electrolytes (SE) can potentially address the inherent safety problems in conventional rechargeable batteries. However, solid‐state batteries (SSBs) have been plagued by the relatively low ionic conductivity of SEs and large charge‐transfer resistance between electrode and SE. Here, a new design strategy is reported for improving the ionic conductivity of SE by self‐forming a composite material. An optimized Na+ ion conducting composite electrolyte derived from the Na1+ n Zr2Si n P3? n O12 NASICON (Na Super Ionic Conductor) structure is successfully synthesized, yielding ultrahigh ionic conductivity of 3.4 mS cm?1 at 25 °C and 14 mS cm?1 at 80 °C. On the other hand, in order to enhance the charge‐transfer rate at the electrode/electrolyte interface, an interface modification strategy is demonstrated by utilization of a small amount of nonflammable and nonvolatile ionic liquid (IL) at the cathode side in SSBs. The IL acts as a wetting agent, enabling a favorable interface kinetic in SSBs. The Na3V2(PO4)3/IL/SE/Na SSB exhibits excellent cycle performance and rate capability. A specific capacity of ≈90 mA h g?1 is maintained after 10 000 cycles without capacity decay under 10 C rate at room temperature. This provides a new perspective to design fast ion conductors and fabricate long life SSBs. 相似文献
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A cathode‐flow lithium‐iodine (Li–I) battery is proposed operating by the triiodide/iodide (I3?/I?) redox couple in aqueous solution. The aqueous Li–I battery has noticeably high energy density (≈0.28 kWh kg?1cell) because of the considerable solubility of LiI in aqueous solution (≈8.2 m ) and reasonably high power density (≈130 mW cm?2 at a current rate of 60 mA cm?2, 328 K). In the operation of cathode‐flow mode, the Li–I battery attains high storage capacity (≈90% of the theoretical capacity), Coulombic efficiency (100% ± 1% in 2–20 cycles) and cyclic performance (>99% capacity retention for 20 cycles) up to total capacity of 100 mAh. 相似文献
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Qi Deng Peng Huang Wen‐Xin Zhou Qiang Ma Nan Zhou Hao Xie Wei Ling Chun‐Jiao Zhou Ya‐Xia Yin Xiong‐Wei Wu Xiang‐Yang Lu Yu‐Guo Guo 《Liver Transplantation》2017,7(18)
A composite electrode composed of reduced graphene oxide‐graphite felt (rGO‐GF) with excellent electrocatalytic redox reversibility toward V2+/V3+ and VO2+/VO2+ redox couples in vanadium batteries was fabricated by a facile hydrothermal method. Compared with the pristine graphite felt (GF) electrode, the rGO‐GF composite electrode possesses abundant oxygen functional groups, high electron conductivity, and outstanding stability. Its corresponding energy efficiency and discharge capacity are significantly increased by 20% and 300%, respectively, at a high current density of 150 mA cm?2. Moreover, a discharge capacity of 20 A h L?1 is obtained with a higher voltage efficiency (74.5%) and energy efficiency (72.0%), even at a large current density of 200 mA cm?2. The prepared rGO‐GF composite electrode holds great promise as a high‐performance electrode for vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). 相似文献
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Anatase TiO2 is an extensively studied anode material for lithium‐ion batteries because of its superior capability of storing Li+ electrochemically. Here reversible lithium storage of TiO2 is achieved chemically using redox targeting reactions. In the presence of a pair of redox mediators, bis(pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)cobalt (CoCp* 2) and cobaltocene (CoCp2) in an electrolyte, TiO2 and its lithiated form Li x TiO2 can be reduced and oxidized by CoCp* 2 and CoCp2 +, respectively, which accompany Li+ insertion and extraction, albeit without attaching the TiO2 onto the electrode. The reversible chemical lithiation/delithiation and the involved phase transitions are unambiguously confirmed using density functional theory (DFT) calculations, UV‐vis spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectoscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy. A redox flow lithium‐ion battery (RFLB) half‐cell is assembled and evaluated, which is a critical step towards the development of RFLB full cells. 相似文献
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Liyu Li Soowhan Kim Wei Wang M. Vijayakumar Zimin Nie Baowei Chen Jianlu Zhang Guanguang Xia Jianzhi Hu Gordon Graff Jun Liu Zhenguo Yang 《Liver Transplantation》2011,1(3):394-400
The all‐vanadium redox flow battery is a promising technology for large‐scale renewable and grid energy storage, but is limited by the low energy density and poor stability of the vanadium electrolyte solutions. A new vanadium redox flow battery with a significant improvement over the current technology is reported in this paper. This battery uses sulfate‐chloride mixed electrolytes, which are capable of dissolving 2.5 M vanadium, representing about a 70% increase in energy capacity over the current sulfate system. More importantly, the new electrolyte remains stable over a wide temperature range of ?5 to 50 °C, potentially eliminating the need for electrolyte temperature control in practical applications. This development would lead to a significant reduction in the cost of energy storage, thus accelerating its market penetration. 相似文献
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Towards High‐Performance Nonaqueous Redox Flow Electrolyte Via Ionic Modification of Active Species
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Xiaoliang Wei Lelia Cosimbescu Wu Xu Jian Zhi Hu M. Vijayakumar Ju Feng Mary Y. Hu Xuchu Deng Jie Xiao Jun Liu Vincent Sprenkle Wei Wang 《Liver Transplantation》2015,5(1)
Nonaqueous redox flow batteries are emerging flow‐based energy storage technologies that have the potential for higher energy densities than their aqueous counterparts because of their wider voltage windows. However, their performance has lagged far behind their inherent capability due to one major limitation of low solubility of the redox species. Here, a molecular structure engineering strategy towards high performance nonaqueous electrolyte is reported with significantly increased solubility. Its performance outweighs that of the state‐of‐the‐art nonaqueous redox flow batteries. In particular, an ionic‐derivatized ferrocene compound is designed and synthesized that has more than 20 times increased solubility in the supporting electrolyte. The solvation chemistry of the modified ferrocene compound. Electrochemical cycling testing in a hybrid lithium–organic redox flow battery using the as‐synthesized ionic‐derivatized ferrocene as the catholyte active material demonstrates that the incorporation of the ionic‐charged pendant significantly improves the system energy density. When coupled with a lithium‐graphite hybrid anode, the hybrid flow battery exhibits a cell voltage of 3.49 V, energy density about 50 Wh L?1, and energy efficiency over 75%. These results reveal a generic design route towards high performance nonaqueous electrolyte by rational functionalization of the organic redox species with selective ligand. 相似文献
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Xiangbiao Liao Changmin Shi Tianyang Wang Boyu Qie Youlong Chen Pengfei Yang Qian Cheng Haowei Zhai Meijie Chen Xue Wang Xi Chen Yuan Yang 《Liver Transplantation》2019,9(4)
Flexible batteries, seamlessly compatible with flexible and wearable electronics, attract a great deal of research attention. Current designs of flexible batteries struggle to meet one of the most extreme yet common deformation scenarios in practice, folding, while retaining high energy density. Inspired by origami folding, a novel strategy to fabricate zigzag‐like lithium ion batteries with superior foldability is proposed. The battery structure could approach zero‐gap between two adjacent energy storage segments, achieving an energy density that is 96.4% of that in a conventional stacking cell. A foldable battery thus fabricated demonstrates an energy density of 275 Wh L?1 and is resilient to fatigue over 45 000 dynamic cycles with a folding angle of 130°, while retaining stable electrochemical performance. Additionally, the power stability and resilience to nail shorting of the foldable battery are also examined. 相似文献
12.
Yongwei Zheng Qiwei Pan Mallory Clites Bryan W. Byles Ekaterina Pomerantseva Christopher Y. Li 《Liver Transplantation》2018,8(27)
All‐solid‐state sodium metal batteries (SSMBs) are of great interest for their high theoretical capacity, nonflammability, and relatively low cost owing partially to the abundance of sodium recourses. However, it is challenging to fabricate SSMBs because compared with their counterparts, which contain lithium metal, sodium metal is mechanically softer and more reactive toward the electrolyte. Herein, the synthesis and electrochemical properties of newly designed sodium‐containing hybrid network solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) and their application in SSMBs are reported. The hybrid network is synthesized by controlled crosslinking of octakis(3‐glycidyloxypropyldimethylsiloxy)octasilsesquioxane and amine‐terminated polyethylene glycol in existence with sodium perchlorate (NaClO4). Plating and stripping experiments using symmetric cells show prolonged cycle life of the SPEs, >5150 and 3550 h at current density of 0.1 and 0.5 mA cm?2, respectively. The results for the first time show that the SPE|sodium metal interface migrates into the SPE phase upon cycling. SSMBs fabricated with the hybrid SPE sandwiched between sodium metal anode and bilayered δ‐NaxV2O5 cathode exhibit record‐high specific capacity for solid sodium‐ion batteries of 305 mAh g?1 and excellent Coulombic efficiency. This work demonstrates that the hybrid network SPEs are promising for SSMB applications. 相似文献
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A Total Organic Aqueous Redox Flow Battery Employing a Low Cost and Sustainable Methyl Viologen Anolyte and 4‐HO‐TEMPO Catholyte
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Increasing worldwide energy demands and rising CO2 emissions have motivated a search for new technologies to take advantage of renewables such as solar and wind energies. Redox flow batteries (RFBs) with their high power density, high energy efficiency, scalability (up to MW and MWh), and safety features are one suitable option for integrating such energy sources and overcoming their intermittency. However, resource limitation and high system costs of current RFB technologies impede wide implementation. Here, a total organic aqueous redox flow battery (OARFB) is reported, using low‐cost and sustainable methyl viologen (MV, anolyte) and 4‐hydroxy‐2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidin‐1‐oxyl (4‐HO‐TEMPO, catholyte), and benign NaCl supporting electrolyte. The electrochemical properties of the organic redox active materials are studied using cyclic voltammetry and rotating disk electrode voltammetry. The MV/4‐HO‐TEMPO ARFB has an exceptionally high cell voltage, 1.25 V. Prototypes of the organic ARFB can be operated at high current densities ranging from 20 to 100 mA cm2, and deliver stable capacity for 100 cycles with nearly 100% Coulombic efficiency. The MV/4‐HO‐TEMPO ARFB displays attractive technical merits and thus represents a major advance in ARFBs. 相似文献
15.
Yuepeng Pang Xitong Wang Xinxin Shi Fen Xu Lixian Sun Junhe Yang Shiyou Zheng 《Liver Transplantation》2020,10(12)
Lithium alanates exhibit high theoretical specific capacities and appropriate lithiation/delithiation potentials, but suffer from poor reversibility, cycling stability, and rate capability due to their sluggish kinetics and extensive side reactions. Herein, a novel and facile solid‐state prelithiation approach is proposed to in situ prepare a Li3AlH6‐Al nanocomposite from a short‐circuited electrochemical reaction between LiAlH4 and Li with the help of fast electron and Li‐ion conductors (C and P63mc LiBH4). This nanocomposite consists of dispersive Al nanograins and an amorphous Li3AlH6 matrix, which enables superior electrochemical performance in solid‐state cells, as much higher specific capacity (2266 mAh g?1), Coulombic efficiency (88%), cycling stability (71% retention in the 100th cycle), and rate capability (1429 mAh g?1 at 1 A g?1) are achieved. In addition, this nanocomposite works well in the solid‐state full cell with LiCoO2 cathode, demonstrating its promising application prospects. Mechanism analysis reveals that the dispersive Al nanograins and amorphous Li3AlH6 matrix can dramatically enhance the lithiation and delithiation kinetics without side reactions, which is mainly responsible for the excellent overall performance. Moreover, this solid‐state prelithiation approach is general and can also be applied to other Li‐poor electrode materials for further modification of their electrochemical behavior. 相似文献
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Shijian Jin Eric M. Fell Lucia Vina‐Lopez Yan Jing P. Winston Michalak Roy G. Gordon Michael J. Aziz 《Liver Transplantation》2020,10(20)
A highly stable phosphonate‐functionalized viologen is introduced as the redox‐active material in a negative potential electrolyte for aqueous redox flow batteries (ARFBs) operating at nearly neutral pH. The solubility is 1.23 m and the reduction potential is the lowest of any substituted viologen utilized in a flow battery, reaching ?0.462 V versus SHE at pH = 9. The negative charges in both the oxidized and the reduced states of 1,1′‐bis(3‐phosphonopropyl)‐[4,4′‐bipyridine]‐1,1′‐diium dibromide ( BPP?Vi ) effect low permeability in cation exchange membranes and suppress a bimolecular mechanism of viologen decomposition. A flow battery pairing BPP?Vi with a ferrocyanide‐based positive potential electrolyte across an inexpensive, non‐fluorinated cation exchange membrane at pH = 9 exhibits an open‐circuit voltage of 0.9 V and a capacity fade rate of 0.016% per day or 0.00069% per cycle. Overcharging leads to viologen decomposition, causing irreversible capacity fade. This work introduces extremely stable, extremely low‐permeating and low reduction potential redox active materials into near neutral ARFBs. 相似文献
18.
Hao Chen David Adekoya Luke Hencz Jun Ma Su Chen Cheng Yan Huijun Zhao Guanglei Cui Shanqing Zhang 《Liver Transplantation》2020,10(21)
Stable and seamless interfaces among solid components in all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs) are crucial for high ionic conductivity and high rate performance. This can be achieved by the combination of functional inorganic material and flexible polymer solid electrolyte. In this work, a flexible all‐solid‐state composite electrolyte is synthesized based on oxygen‐vacancy‐rich Ca‐doped CeO2 (Ca–CeO2) nanotube, lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI), and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), namely Ca–CeO2/LiTFSI/PEO. Ca–CeO2 nanotubes play a key role in enhancing the ionic conductivity and mechanical strength while the PEO offers flexibility and assures the stable seamless contact between the solid electrolyte and the electrodes in ASSBs. The as‐prepared electrolyte exhibits high ionic conductivity of 1.3 × 10?4 S cm?1 at 60 °C, a high lithium ion transference number of 0.453, and high‐voltage stability. More importantly, various electrochemical characterizations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that Ca–CeO2 helps dissociate LiTFSI, produce free Li ions, and therefore enhance ionic conductivity. The ASSBs based on the as‐prepared Ca–CeO2/LiTFSI/PEO composite electrolyte deliver high‐rate capability and high‐voltage stability. 相似文献
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Han Deng Zhi Chang Feilong Qiu Yu Qiao Huijun Yang Ping He Haoshen Zhou 《Liver Transplantation》2020,10(12)
Safe rechargeable batteries of improved energy density and high power performance are urgently needed for the development of large electric devices. Herein, an Li‐based organic liquid anode is proposed, and an organic oxygen battery with a metal organic framework membrane separator is realized, which is able to conduct Li ions and separate other large species in the system. Equipped with the dual redox mediator strategy, the organic oxygen battery exhibits superior rate performance with long cycling life and low overpotential. A “solid electrolyte interface”‐like layer is observed between the organic liquid anode and the ion conducting separator. This work not only introduces a new type of anode for Li‐based batteries, but also provides fundamental insights for the better application of biphenyl‐based liquid anodes. 相似文献