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1.
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have shown great potential for photovoltaic applications with their unprecedented power conversion efficiency advancement. Such devices generally have a complex structure design with high temperature processed TiO2 as the electron transport layer (ETL). Further careful design of device configuration to fully tap the potentials of perovskite materials is expected. Particularly, for the practical application of PSCs, it is crucial to simplify their device structures thus the associated manufacturing process and cost while maintaining their efficiency to be comparable with the conventional devices. But how simple is simple? ETL‐free PSCs promise the simplest structured, thus simple manufacturing processes and low cost large area PSCs in practical applications. They can also help the further exploration of the great potential of perovskite materials and understanding the working principle of PSCs. Within this review, the evolution of the PSC is outlined by discussing the recent advances in the simplification of device configuration and processes for cost effective, highly efficient, and robust PSCs, with a focus on ETL‐free PSCs. Their advancement, key issues, working mechanism, existing problems, and future performance enhancements. This review aims to promote the future development of low cost and robust ETL‐free PSCs toward more efficient power output. 相似文献
2.
Outstanding Performance of Hole‐Blocking Layer‐Free Perovskite Solar Cell Using Hierarchically Porous Fluorine‐Doped Tin Oxide Substrate
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Haejun Yu Jong Woo Lee Juyoung Yun Kisu Lee Jaehoon Ryu Jungsup Lee Doyk Hwang Seong Keun Kim Jyongsik Jang 《Liver Transplantation》2017,7(22)
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are of great interest in current photovoltaic research due to their extraordinary power conversion efficiency of ≈20% and boundless potentialities. The high efficiency has been mostly obtained from TiO2‐based PSCs, where TiO2 is utilized as a hole‐blocking, mesoporous layer. However, trapped charges and the light‐induced photocatalytic effect of TiO2 seriously degrade the perovskite and preclude PSCs from being immediately commercialized. Herein, a simplified PSC is successfully fabricated by eliminating the problematic TiO2 layers, using instead a fluorine‐doped tin oxide (FTO)/perovskite/hole–conductor/Au design. Simultaneously, the sluggish charge extraction at the FTO/perovskite interface is overcome by modifying the surface of the FTO to a porous structure using electrochemical etching. This surface engineering enables a substantial increase in the photocurrent density and mitigation of the hysteretic behavior of the pristine FTO‐based PSC; a remarkable 19.22% efficiency with a low level of hysteresis is obtained. This performance is closely approaching that of conventional PSCs and may facilitate their commercialization due to improved convenience, lower cost, greater stability, and potentially more efficient mass production. 相似文献
3.
The high thermal stability and facile synthesis of CsPbI2Br all‐inorganic perovskite solar cells (AI‐PSCs) have attracted tremendous attention. As far as electron‐transporting layers (ETLs) are concerned, low temperature processing and reduced interfacial recombination centers through tunable energy levels determine the feasibility of the perovskite devices. Although the TiO2 is the most popular ETL used in PSCs, its processing temperature and moderate electron mobility hamper the performance and feasibility. Herein, the highly stable, low‐temperature processed MgZnO nanocrystal‐based ETLs for dynamic hot‐air processed Mn2+ incorporated CsPbI2Br AI‐PSCs are reported. By holding its regular planar “n–i–p” type device architecture, the MgZnO ETL and poly(3‐hexylthiophene‐2,5‐diyl) hole transporting layer, 15.52% power conversion efficiency (PCE) is demonstrated. The thermal‐stability analysis reveals that the conventional ZnO ETL‐based AI‐PSCs show a serious instability and poor efficiency than the Mg2+ modified MgZnO ETLs. The photovoltaic and stability analysis of this improved photovoltaic performance is attributed to the suitable wide‐bandgap, low ETL/perovskite interface recombination, and interface stability by Mg2+ doping. Interestingly, the thermal stability analysis of the unencapsulated AI‐PSCs maintains >95% of initial PCE more than 400 h at 85 °C for MgZnO ETL, revealing the suitability against thermal degradation than conventional ZnO ETL. 相似文献
4.
Improving Interfacial Charge Recombination in Planar Heterojunction Perovskite Photovoltaics with Small Molecule as Electron Transport Layer
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Ning Wang Kexiang Zhao Tao Ding Wenbo Liu Ali Said Ahmed Zongrui Wang Miaomiao Tian Xiao Wei Sun Qichun Zhang 《Liver Transplantation》2017,7(18)
Although perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a promising alternative to widely used fossil fuels, the involved high‐temperature preparation of metal oxides as a charge transport layer in most state‐of‐the‐art PSCs has been becoming a big stumbling block for future low‐temperature and large‐scale R2R manufacturing process. Such an issue strongly encourages scientists to find new type of materials to replace metal oxides. Except for expensive PC61BM with unmanageable morphology and electrical properties, the past investigation on the development of low‐temperature‐processed and highly efficient electron transport layers (ETLs) has met some mixed success. In order to further enhance the performance of all‐solution‐processed PSCs, we propose a novel n‐type sulfur‐containing small molecule hexaazatrinaphtho[2,3‐c][1,2,5]thiadiazole (HATNT) with high electron mobility up to 1.73 × 10?2 cm2 V?1 s?1 as an ETL in planar heterojunction PSCs. A high power conversion efficiency of 18.1% is achieved, which is fully comparable with the efficiency from the control device fabricated with PC61BM as ETL. This superior performance mainly attributes from more effective suppression of charge recombination at the perovskite/HATNT interface than that between the perovskite and PC61 BM. Moreover, high electron mobility and strong interfacial interaction via S? I or S? Pb bonding should be also positive factors. Significantly, our results undoubtedly enable new guidelines in exploring n‐type organic small molecules for high‐performance PSCs. 相似文献
5.
For practical use of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) the instability issues of devices, attributed to degradation of perovskite molecules by moisture, ions migration, and thermal‐ and light‐instability, have to be solved. Herein, highly efficient and stable PSCs based on perovskite/Ag‐reduced graphene oxide (Ag‐rGO) and mesoporous Al2O3/graphene (mp‐AG) composites are reported. The mp‐AG composite is conductive with one‐order of magnitude higher mobility than mp‐TiO2 and used for electron transport layer (ETL). Compared to the mp‐TiO2 ETL based cells, the champion device based on perovskite/Ag‐rGO and SrTiO3/mp‐AG composites shows overall a best performance (i.e., VOC = 1.057 V, JSC = 25.75 mA cm?2, fill factor (FF) = 75.63%, and power conversion efficiency (PCE) = 20.58%). More importantly, the champion device without encapsulation exhibits not only remarkable thermal‐ and photostability but also long‐term stability, retaining 97–99% of the initial values of photovoltaic parameters and sustaining ≈93% of initial PCE over 300 d under ambient conditions. 相似文献
6.
Surface Engineering of TiO2 ETL for Highly Efficient and Hysteresis‐Less Planar Perovskite Solar Cell (21.4%) with Enhanced Open‐Circuit Voltage and Stability
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Interfacial studies and band alignment engineering on the electron transport layer (ETL) play a key role for fabrication of high‐performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Here, an amorphous layer of SnO2 (a‐SnO2) between the TiO2 ETL and the perovskite absorber is inserted and the charge transport properties of the device are studied. The double‐layer structure of TiO2 compact layer (c‐TiO2) and a‐SnO2 ETL leads to modification of interface energetics, resulting in improved charge collection and decreased carrier recombination in PSCs. The optimized device based on a‐SnO2/c‐TiO2 ETL shows a maximum power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 21.4% as compared to 19.33% for c‐TiO2 based device. Moreover, the modified device demonstrates a maximum open‐circuit voltage (Voc) of 1.223 V with 387 mV loss in potential, which is among the highest reported value for PSCs with negligible hysteresis. The stability results show that the device on c‐TiO2/a‐SnO2 retains about 91% of its initial PCE value after 500 h light illumination, which is higher than pure c‐TiO2 (67%) based devices. Interestingly, using a‐SnO2/c‐TiO2 ETL the PCE loss was only 10% of initial value under continuous UV light illumination after 30 h, which is higher than that of c‐TiO2 based device (28% PCE loss). 相似文献
7.
p‐Type CuI Islands on TiO2 Electron Transport Layer for a Highly Efficient Planar‐Perovskite Solar Cell with Negligible Hysteresis
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Mahdi Malekshahi Byranvand Taewan Kim Seulki Song Gyeongho Kang Seung Un Ryu Taiho Park 《Liver Transplantation》2018,8(5)
Compact TiO2 is widely used as an electron transport material in planar‐perovskite solar cells. However, TiO2‐based planar‐perovskite solar cells exhibit low efficiencies due to intrinsic problems such as the unsuitable conduction band energy and low electron extraction ability of TiO2. Herein, the planar TiO2 electron transport layer (ETL) of perovskite solar cells is modified with ionic salt CuI via a simple one‐step spin‐coating process. The p‐type nature of the CuI islands on the TiO2 surface leads to modification of the TiO2 band alignment, resulting in barrier‐free contacts and increased open‐circuit voltage. It is found that the polarity of the CuI‐modified TiO2 surface can pull electrons to the interface between the perovskite and the TiO2, which improves electron extraction and reduces nonradiative recombination. The CuI solution concentration is varied to control the electron extraction of the modified TiO2 ETL, and the optimized device shows a high efficiency of 19.0%. In addition, the optimized device shows negligible hysteresis, which is believed to be due to the removal of trap sites and effective electron extraction by CuI‐modified TiO2. These results demonstrate the hitherto unknown effect of p‐type ionic salts on electron transport material. 相似文献
8.
Qingshun Dong Jiangwei Li Yantao Shi Min Chen Luis K. Ono Ke Zhou Chunyang Zhang Yabing Qi Yuanyuan Zhou Nitin P. Padture Liduo Wang 《Liver Transplantation》2019,9(26)
Electron transport layer (ETL) is a functional layer of great significance for boosting the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). To date, it is still a challenge to simultaneously reduce the surface defects and improve the crystallinity in ETLs during their low‐temperature processing. Here, a novel strategy for the mediation of in situ regrowth of SnO2 nanocrystal ETLs is reported: introduction of controlled trace amounts of surface absorbed water on the fluorinated tin oxide (FTO) or indium–tin oxide (ITO) surfaces of the substrates using ultraviolet ozone (UVO) pretreatment. The optimum amount of adsorbed water plays a key role in balancing the hydrolysis–condensation reactions during the structural evolution of SnO2 thin films. This new approach results in a full‐coverage SnO2 ETL with a desirable morphology and crystallinity for superior optical and electrical properties, as compared to the control SnO2 ETL without the UVO pretreatment. Finally, the rigid and flexible PSC devices based on the new SnO2 ETLs yield high PCEs of up to 20.5% and 17.5%, respectively. 相似文献
9.
He Guo Geon Woo Yoon Zi Jia Li Yeonghun Yun Sangwook Lee You-Hyun Seo Nam Joong Jeon Gill Sang Han Hyun Suk Jung 《Liver Transplantation》2024,14(1):2302743
Mixed-halide perovskites have emerged as outstanding light absorbers that enable the fabrication of efficient solar cells; however, their instability hinders the commercialization of such systems. Grain-boundary (GB) defects and lattice tensile strain are critical intrinsic-instability factors in polycrystalline perovskite films. In this study, the light-induced cross-linking of acrylamide (Am) monomers with non-crystalline perovskite films is used to fabricate highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The Am monomers induce the preferred crystal orientation in the polycrystalline perovskite films, enlarge the perovskite grain size, and cross-link the perovskite grains. Additionally, the liquid properties of Am effectively releases lattice strain during perovskite-film crystallization. The cross-linked interfacial layer functions as an airtight wall that protects the perovskite film from water corrosion. Devices fabricated using the proposed strategy show an excellent power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.45% with an open-circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.199 V, which, to date, is the highest VOC reported for hybrid PSCs with electron transport layers (ETLs) comprised of TiO2. Large-area PSC modules fabricated using the proposed strategy show a power conversion efficiency of 20.31% (with a high fill factor of 77.1%) over an active area of 33 cm2, with excellent storage stability. 相似文献
10.
Synergic Interface and Optical Engineering for High‐Performance Semitransparent Polymer Solar Cells
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Hui Shi Ruoxi Xia Chen Sun Jingyang Xiao Zhihong Wu Fei Huang Hin‐Lap Yip Yong Cao 《Liver Transplantation》2017,7(20)
In this study the thickness of the PTB7‐Th:PC71BM bulk heterojunction (BHJ) film and the PF3N‐2TNDI electron transport layer (ETL) is systematically tuned to achieve polymer solar cells (PSCs) with optimized power conversion efficiency (PCE) of over 9% when an ultrathin BHJ of 50 nm is used. Optical modeling suggests that the high PCE is attributed to the optical spacer effect from the ETL, which not only maximizes the optical field within the BHJ film but also facilitates the formation of a more homogeneously distributed charge generation profile across the BHJ film. Experimentally it is further proved that the extra photocurrent produced at the PTB7‐Th/PF3N‐2TNDI interface also contributes to the improved performance. Taking advantage of this high performance thin film device structure, one step further is taken to fabricate semitransparent PSCs (ST‐PSCs) by using an ultrathin transparent Ag cathode to replace the thick Ag mirror cathode, yielding a series of high performance ST‐PSCs with PCEs over 6% and average visible transmittance between 20% and 30%. These ST‐PSCs also possess remarkable transparency color perception and rendering properties, which are state‐of‐the‐art and fulfill the performance criteria for potential use as power‐generating windows in near future. 相似文献
11.
Waqas Siddique Subhani Kai Wang Minyong Du Xiuli Wang Shengzhong Liu 《Liver Transplantation》2019,9(21)
Inorganic cesium lead halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have received enormous attention due to their excellent stability compared with that of their organic–inorganic counterparts. However, the lack of optimization strategies leads the inorganic PSCs to suffer from low efficiency arising from significant recombination. To overcome this dilemma, a surface modification of the electron transport layer (ETL)/perovskite interface is undertaken by using SmBr3 to improve the crystallization and morphology of the perovskite layer for enhanced ETL/perovskite interface interaction. Encouragingly, a gradient energy band is created at the interface with an outstanding hole blocking effect. As a result, both the charge recombination occurring at the interface and the nonradiative recombination inside the perovskite are suppressed, and, simultaneously, the charge extraction is improved successfully. Therefore, the power conversion efficiency of the CsPbIBr2 PSCs is increased to as high as 10.88% under one sun illumination, which is 30% higher than its counterparts without the modification. It is logically inferred that this valuable optimization strategy can be extended to other analogous structures and materials. 相似文献
12.
Keqing Huang Yongyi Peng Yaxin Gao Jiao Shi Hengyue Li Xindi Mo Han Huang Yongli Gao Liming Ding Junliang Yang 《Liver Transplantation》2019,9(44)
Flexible perovskite solar cells (f‐PSCs) have attracted great attention due to their promising commercial prospects. However, the performance of f‐PSCs is generally worse than that of their rigid counterparts. Herein, it is found that the unsatisfactory performance of planar heterojunction (PHJ) f‐PSCs can be attributed to the undesirable morphology of electron transport layer (ETL), which results from the rough surface of the flexible substrate. Precise control over the thickness and morphology of ETL tin dioxide (SnO2) not only reduces the reflectance of the indium tin oxide (ITO) on polyethylene 2,6‐naphthalate (PEN) substrate and enhances photon collection, but also decreases the trap‐state densities of perovskite films and the charge transfer resistance, leading to a great enhancement of device performance. Consequently, the f‐PSCs, with a structure of PEN/ITO/SnO2/perovskite/Spiro‐OMeTAD/Ag, exhibit a power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 19.51% and a steady output of 19.01%. Furthermore, the f‐PSCs show a robust bending resistance and maintain about 95% of initial PCE after 6000 bending cycles at a bending radius of 8 mm, and they present an outstanding long‐term stability and retain about 90% of the initial performance after >1000 h storage in air (10% relative humidity) without encapsulation. 相似文献
13.
Next‐generation organic solar cells such as dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) and perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are studied at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), and their materials, electronic properties, and fabrication processes are investigated. To enhance the performance of DSSCs, the basic structure of an electron donor, π‐electron linker, and electron acceptor, i.e., D–π–A, is suggested. In addition, special organic dyes containing coumarin, carbazole, and triphenylamine electron donor groups are synthesized to find an effective dye structure that avoids charge recombination at electrode surfaces. Meanwhile, PSCs are manufactured using both a coating method and a laser deposition technique. The results of interfacial studies demonstrate that the level of the conduction band edge (CBE) of a compact TiO2 layer is shifted after TiCl4 treatment, which strongly affects the solar cell performance. Furthermore, a special laser deposition system is developed for the fabrication of the perovskite layers of PSCs, which facilitates the control over the deposition rate of methyl ammonium iodide used as their precursor. 相似文献
14.
Carrier Interfacial Engineering by Bismuth Modification for Efficient and Thermoresistant Perovskite Solar Cells
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Cong Chen Dali Liu Boxue Zhang Wenbo Bi Hao Li Junjie Jin Xu Chen Lin Xu Hongwei Song Qilin Dai 《Liver Transplantation》2018,8(20)
Organic–inorganic halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as attractive alternatives to conventional solar cells. It is still a challenge to obtain PSCs with good thermal stability and high permanence, especially at extreme outdoor temperatures. This work systematically studies the effects of Bi3+ modification on structural, electrical, and optical properties of perovskite films (FA0.83MA0.17Pb(I0.83Br0.17)3) and the performance of corresponding PSCs. The results indicate that Bi3+ modified PSCs can achieve better thermal stability, photovoltaic response, and reproducibility compared with control cells due to the decreased grain boundaries, enhanced crystallization, and improved electron extraction from perovskite film. As a result, the modified PSC exhibits an optimized power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.4% compared with 18.3% for the optimized control device, accompanied by better thermoresistant ability under 100–180 °C and enhanced long‐term stability. The degradation rate of the modified device is reduced by an order of magnitude due to effective structural defect modification in perovskite photoactive layer. It could maintain more than two months at 60 °C. These results shed light on the origin of crystallization and thermal stability of perovskite films, and provide an approach to solve thermal stability issue of PSCs. 相似文献
15.
Efficient and Hysteresis‐Free Perovskite Solar Cells Based on a Solution Processable Polar Fullerene Electron Transport Layer
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Ying‐Chiao Wang Xiaodong Li Liping Zhu Xiaohui Liu Wenjun Zhang Junfeng Fang 《Liver Transplantation》2017,7(21)
Fullerene derivatives, which possess extraordinary geometric shapes and high electron affinity, have attracted significant attention for thin film technologies. This study demonstrates an important photovoltaic application using carboxyl‐functionalized carbon buckyballs, C60 pyrrolidine tris‐acid (CPTA), to fabricate electron transport layers (ETLs) that replace traditional metal oxide‐based ETLs in efficient and stable n‐i‐p‐structured planar perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The uniform CPTA film is covalently anchored onto the surface of indium tin oxide (ITO), significantly suppressing hysteresis and enhancing the flexural strength in the CPTA‐modified PSCs. Moreover, solution‐processable CPTA‐based ETLs also enable the fabrication of lightweight flexible PSCs. The maximum‐performing device structures composed of ITO/CPTA/CH3NH3PbI3/2,2′,7,7′‐tetrakis‐(N,N‐di‐p‐methoxyphenylamine)‐9,9′‐spirobifluorene (spiro‐OMeTAD)/Au yield power conversion efficiencies of more than 18% on glass substrates and up to 17% on flexible substrates. These results indicate that the CPTA layers provide new opportunities for solution‐processed organic ETLs by substantially simplifying the procedure for fabricating PSCs for portable applications. 相似文献
16.
Jing Zhang Renjie Chen Yongzhen Wu Minghui Shang Zhaobing Zeng Ying Zhang Yuejin Zhu Liyuan Han 《Liver Transplantation》2018,8(5)
Ionic movement is considered awful in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) for relating with the hysteresis and long‐term instability. However, the positive role of ions to enhance the energy band bending for high performance PSC is always overlooked, let alone reducing the hysteresis. In this work, LiI is doped in CH3NH3PbI3. It is observed that the aggregation of Li+/I? tunes the energy level of the perovskite and induces n/p doping in CH3NH3PbI3, which makes charge extraction quite efficient from perovskite to both NiO and [6,6]‐phenyl‐C61‐butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) layer. Therefore, in NiO/LiI doped perovskite/PCBM solar cells, Li+ and I? modulate the interface energy band alignment to facilitate the electron/hole transport and reduce the interface energy loss. On the other hand, n/p doping enlarges Fermi energy level splitting of the PSCs to improve the photovoltage. The performance of LiI doped PSCs is much higher with reduced hysteresis compared to the undoped solar cells. This work highlights the positive effect of selective ionic doping, which is promisingly important to design the stable and efficient PSCs. 相似文献
17.
Andrea Capasso Fabio Matteocci Leyla Najafi Mirko Prato Joka Buha Lucio Cinà Vittorio Pellegrini Aldo Di Carlo Francesco Bonaccorso 《Liver Transplantation》2016,6(16)
Solution‐processed few‐layer MoS2 flakes are exploited as an active buffer layer in hybrid lead–halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Glass/FTO/compact‐TiO2/mesoporous‐TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3/MoS2/Spiro‐OMeTAD/Au solar cells are realized with the MoS2 flakes having a twofold function, acting both as a protective layer, by preventing the formation of shunt contacts between the perovskite and the Au electrode, and as a hole transport layer from the perovskite to the Spiro‐OMeTAD. As prepared PSC demonstrates a power conversion efficiency (η) of 13.3%, along with a higher lifetime stability over 550 h with respect to reference PSC without MoS2 (Δη/η = ?7% vs. Δη/η = ?34%). Large‐area PSCs (1.05 cm2 active area) are also fabricated to demonstrate the scalability of this approach, achieving η of 11.5%. Our results pave the way toward the implementation of MoS2 as a material able to boost the shelf life of large‐area perovskite solar cells in view of their commercialization. 相似文献
18.
Pengchen Zhu Shuai Gu Xin Luo Yuan Gao Songlin Li Jia Zhu Hairen Tan 《Liver Transplantation》2020,10(3)
The performance of perovskite solar cells is sensitive to detrimental defects, which are prone to accumulate at the interfaces and grain boundaries of bulk perovskite films. Defect passivation at each region will lead to reduced trap density and thus less nonradiative recombination loss. However, it is challenging to passivate defects at both the grain boundaries and the bottom charge transport layer/perovskite interface, mainly due to the solvent incompatibility and complexity in perovskite formation. Here SnO2‐KCl composite electron transport layer (ETL) is utilized in planar perovskite solar cells to simultaneously passivate the defects at the ETL/perovskite interface and the grain boundaries of perovskite film. The K and Cl ions at the ETL/perovskite interface passivate the ETL/perovskite contact. Meanwhile, K ions from the ETL can diffuse through the perovskite film and passivate the grain boundaries. An enhancement of open‐circuit voltage from 1.077 to 1.137 V and a corresponding power conversion efficiency increasing from 20.2% to 22.2% are achieved for the devices using SnO2‐KCl composite ETL. The composite ETL strategy reported herein provides an avenue for defect passivation to further increase the efficiency of perovskite solar cells. 相似文献
19.
Jing Wei Fengwan Guo Bing Liu Xiangyu Sun Xi Wang Zijiang Yang Kun Xu Ming Lei Yicheng Zhao Dongsheng Xu 《Liver Transplantation》2019,9(40)
Although planar‐structured perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have power conversion efficiencies exceeding 24%, the poor photostability, especially with ultraviolet irradiance (UV) severely limits commercial application. The most commonly‐used TiO2 electron selective layer has a strong photocatalytic effect on perovskite/TiO2 interface when TiO2 is excited by UV light. Here a UV‐inert ZnTiO3 is reported as the electron selective layer in planar PSCs. ZnTiO3 is a perovskite‐structured semiconductor with excellent chemical stability and poor photocatalysis. Solar cells are fabricated with a structure of indium doped tin oxide (ITO)/ZnTiO3/Cs0.05FA0.81MA0.14PbI2.55Br0.45/Sprio‐MeOTAD/Au. The champion device exhibits a stabilized power conversion efficiency of 19.8% with improved photostability. The device holds 90% of its initial efficiency after 100 h of UV soaking (365 nm, 8 mW cm?2), compared with 55% for TiO2‐based devices. This work provides a new class of electron selective materials with excellent UV stability in perovskite solar cell applications. 相似文献
20.
Interfacing Pristine C60 onto TiO2 for Viable Flexibility in Perovskite Solar Cells by a Low‐Temperature All‐Solution Process
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Ya‐Qing Zhou Bao‐Shan Wu Guan‐Hua Lin Zhou Xing Shu‐Hui Li Lin‐Long Deng Di‐Chun Chen Da‐Qin Yun Su‐Yuan Xie 《Liver Transplantation》2018,8(20)
A low‐temperature solution‐processed strategy is critical for cost‐effective manufacture of flexible perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Based on an aqueous‐processed TiO2 layer, and conventional fullerene derivatives replaced by a pristine fullerene interlayer of C60, herein a facile interface engineering for making all‐solution‐processed TiO2/C60 layers in flexible n‐i‐p PSCs is reported. Due to the improvement of the perovskite grain quality, promotion of interfacial charge transfer and suppression of interfacial charge recombination, the stabilized power conversion efficiency for the flexible PSCs reaches as high as 16% with high bending resistance retention (≈80% after 1500 cycles) and high light‐soaking retention (≈100% after 100 min). In addition, the stabilized efficiency is over 19% for the rigid TiO2/C60‐based PSCs. The present work with the facile low‐temperature solution process renders the practicability for high‐performance flexible PSCs applied to wearable devices, portable equipment, and electric vehicles. 相似文献