Ultrafine structure of salivary glands of the chicken mite Dermanyssus gallinae (Acarina, Gamasina, Dermanyssidae)

Using the method of transmission electron microscopy, structure of salivary glands of the chicken mite Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778) is studied. Structure of the glands and of their ducts is described. The cellular composition, ultrastructural characteristics of secretion, and peculiarities of its release from cells are revealed.     

Susceptibilities of northern fowl mite,Ornithonyssus sylviarum (Acarina: Macronyssidae), and chicken mite,Dermanyssus gallinae (Acarina: Dermanyssidae), to selected acaricides

The relative toxicities of ten acaricides to northern fowl mite,Ornithonyssus sylviarum (Canestrini and Fanzago), and the chicken mite,Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer), were determined simultaneously by holding the mites inside disposable glass Pasteur pipettes previously immersed in acetone solutions of various concentrations (w/v) of technical grade acaricides. The LC₉₀s (parts per million) of the acaricides after 24 h exposure for the northern fowl mite and the chicken mite, respectively, were: bendiocarb (13.1, 0.18), tetrachlorvinphos (14.5, 4.07), carbaryl (15.0, 0.83), pirimiphos methyl (18.3, 2.03), permethrin (23.1, 8.46), lambda cyhalothrin (80.7, 11.4), dichlorvos (252.8, 3.75), malathion (238.4, 6.59), amitraz (6741, 9430) and fenvalerate (>10000, 60.2). After 48 h exposure there were only slight increases in mortalities of both species except for increased mortalities for the northern fowl mite with lambda cyhalothrin, amitraz and fenvalerate, and for the chicken mite with amitraz.     

Besnoitia darlingi (Brumpt, 1913) in Panama

SYNOPSIS. Besnoitia darlingi (Brumpt, 1913) Mandour, 1965 has been rediscovered in the common opossum Didelphis marsupialis in the Republic of Panama. A strain (D3) has been established in laboratory white mice. Proliferative crescents of the D3 strain are 6.1 (range 6.0-9.0) by 2.1 (range 1.7-4.0).
Mouse-adapted B. darlingi produced acute, fatal infections in white mice, hamsters, 14 marmosets ( Saguinus geoffroyi ), 2 squirrels ( Sciurus variegatoides and S. granatensis ), a woolly opossum ( Caluromys derbianus ) and a four-eyed opossum ( Philander opossum ) It probably produced chronic infections (cysts) in 2 wild-caughtopossums ( Didelphis marsupialis ) and one lizard ( Ameiva ameiva ). Animals in which induced infection could not be found after inoculation with trophozoites of mouse-adapted B. darlingi were: 2 adult and 2 new-born guinea pigs, laboratory rats, 1 night monkey ( Aotus trivirgatus ), 2 rhesus monkeys ( Macacca mulatta ), one iguana ( Iguaanaiguana ) and 2 baby caimans ( Caiman sclerops ).     

Ultrastructure of salivary glands of the chicken red mite <Emphasis Type="Italic">Dermanyssus gallinae</Emphasis> (Acarina,Gamasina, Dermanyssidae)

Structure of salivary glands of the chicken red mite, Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778) was studied using transmission electron microscopy. Structure of the glands and their ducts is described. The cell composition, ultrastructural characteristics of the secretion, and peculiarities of its release from cell are revealed.     

Reproductive morphology and Spermatogenesis in Dermanyssus gallinae (DeGeer) (Acari: Dermanyssidae)

Sperm induction pores, tubuli annulati, rami sacculi, sacculus foemineus, cornu sacculus and acantho-membranous hood in female Dermanyssus gallinae support the probability of coxal insemination as reported for some other mesostigmatid species. Development of the circular testis in males (from fusion of two anterolaterally projecting protonymphal testicular arms) and formation of haploid (n = 3) spermatids from haploid (n = 3) spermatogonial cells is entirely mitotic. Spermatogenesis begins within one hour after protonymphal feeding and continues through adult ecdysis in normally fed individuals. Nutritional deficit causes cessation of spermatogenic divisions in deutonymphs starved 23 days, but is rapidly rejuvenated upon feeding. No rejuvenation of division was observed in adult males given the opportunity to feed, thus adult males might not feed.     

Arthropods (Acarina, Coleoptera, Siphonaptera) in nests of hoopoe (Upupa epops) in Central Europe

In 1993–1995 and 2009–2011, during investigation of reproduction biology of hoopoe, 63 nests of this species were collected after fledging of the chicks in Slovakia and Austria and their arthropod fauna was analyzed. Altogether 5,481 individuals and 34 species of mesostigmatic mites were found in 82.5% of the nests examined. The nidicolous mite Androlaelaps casalis was most abundant and frequent, representing 91.7% of all individuals. The richest in species were saprophilous mites (64.7% of all recorded species), while ectoparasites of the genera Dermanyssus and Ornithonyssus represented only 0.4% of all mites. Only 8 beetle species represented by 65 individuals were found in 18 nests. The dominant trophical group were carnivores (mainly nidicolous Gnathoncus buyssoni) with almost identical representation in (86.2%), followed by a similar representation of necrophags (10.8%). Unlike nests of other birds, the typical nidicolous species Haploglossa puncticollis and the fungivors were absent due to the dry character of studied countryside and placement of the nests in boxes situated in vineyard cottages. Only one species of fleas, Ceratophyllus gallinae — parasitizing first of all in the passeriform birds and being particularly abundant in the cavity nesting birds was recorded in hoopoe nests.     

Redescription of Ilyocryptus tuberculatus Brehm, 1913 (Anomopoda,Branchiopoda)

The morphology of Ilyocryptus tuberculatus Brehm, 1913 is redescribed, based on material from the Niger basin, Africa. The species name was given by Brehm erroneously, because under an optical microscope he mistook internal structures (the columns between the outer and inner walls of the valves) for the tubercules on the valve surface. But this species is undoubtedly valid, and `incorrect' species names must be conserved. Differences between I. tuberculatus and the most similar I. agilis (probably absent from the majority of African waters), I. spinifer (common in Africa), and some other species are discussed. Currently, I. tuberculatus is known for the Central African Republic, Mali and Niger.