New and interesting species ofNeosartorya from Brazilian soil

Neosartorya udagawae, a new heterothallic species isolated from Brazilian soil, is described and illustrated. It is characterized by dull green colony on malt extract agar, light yellow large ascomata, broadly lenticular ascospores with two equatorial or several irregular crests and tuberculate convex surfaces, and with anAspergillus anamorph.Neosartorya aureola is also described as a new record from Brazilian soil.     

New and interesting species ofEmericella from Brazilian soil

Among the ascomycete isolates from soil and armadillo dung collected in São Paulo State, Brazil, a new species ofEmericella, E. montenegroi and a new variety ofE. rugulosa, E. rugulosa var.Iazulina are described and illustrated.Emericella montenegroi differs from the other known species of the genus in having ascospores with an incompletely reticulate or ribbed ornamentation on the convex walls.Emericella rugulosa var.Iazulina differs from the type variety in having blue to violet color of ascospores. Isolations ofE. corrugata andE. foveolata are also reported as a South American record. A synoptic key to all accepted species of the genus is provided.     

New and interesting species ofEurotium from Chinese soil

Eurotium taklimakanense, a new species isolated from desert soil in the Taklimakan desert, Xinjiang Province, China, is described and illustrated. It is characterized by light yellow to reddish yellow colonies on Czapek's agar with 70% (w/v) sucrose, yellow ascomata, broadly lenticular ascospores with conspicuously irregular equatorial crests and tuberculate or verrucose convex surfaces, and anAspergillus anamorph.Eurotium cristatum is also described as a new record from China. It is characterized by light yellow colonies on Czapek's agar with 70% sucrose, yellow ascomata, broadly lenticular ascospores with two equatorial crests and echinulate convex surfaces, and small tuberculate conidia.     

New species and records of cercosporoid hyphomycetes from Panama

Cercosporoid hyphomycetes on living leaves of plants were collected in Panama, identified, described, and illustrated. Newly described species are Passalora guraniae from Gurania sp. (Cucurbitaceae), Pseudocercospora arrabidaeae from Arrabidaea cf. candicans (Bignoniaceae), Pseudocercospora hymenaeae from Hymenaea courbaril (Caesalpinioideae/Fabaceae), Pseudocercospora solandrae from Solandra sp. (Solanaceae), and Verrucisporota struthanthicola from Struthanthus sp. (Loranthaceae). New reports for Panama are Cercospora glauciana from a new host plant genus (Rhynchospora, Cyperaceae), Pseudocercospora acalyphicola from a new host plant species (Acalypha macrostachya, Euphorbiaceae), Pseudocercospora cecropiae, Pseudocercospora cecropiicola, Pseudocercospora cecropiigena, Pseudocercospora mirandensis, and Ramularia rubella.     

New and interesting species of Hymenochaetaceae from the Brazilian Amazonia

Coltricia globispora sp. nov. is described as new based on specimens collected in the Parque Natural Municipal de Porto Velho, in the state of Rondônia, Brazilian Amazonia. It is characterized by small pores (7–8 per mm), monomitic hyphal system, and globose, smooth and guttulate basidiospores (5.5–6.6 (?7) μm). Phellinus griseoporus has been found for the first time in Brazil, and Cyclomyces iodinus, P. merrillii, P. membranaceus and P. umbrinellus in the Brazilian Amazonia. Coltricia cinnamomea, P. calcitratus and Phylloporia chrysites are new occurrences to the state Rondônia, while C. hamata and Phylloporia spathulata to the state of Pará. The knowledge about Hymenochaetaceae in the Brazilian Amazonia is briefly discussed, and a key to the neotropical species of Coltricia is provided.     

鳞盖红菇中一个新的倍半萜类化合物

从鳞盖红菇（Russula lepida Fr.）的氯仿／甲醇（1：1）部分分离得到一新化合物rulepidol(1),其结构经现代波谱技术鉴定为一aristolane型倍半萜。     

New genera and species of ericaceae (Vaccinieae) from Costa Rica and Panama

Two new monotypic genera,Didonica andUtleya, are described, withD. pendula from Panama andU. costaricensis from Costa Rica.Disterigma trimera (Panama),D. utleyorum (Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, and Ecuador),Lateropora santafeensis (Panama),Lysiclesia panamensis (Panama),Macleania talamancensis (Costa Rica),Themistoclesia costaricensis (Costa Rica) andT. horquetensis (Panama),Vaccinium costaricense andV. orosiense (both from Costa Rica) and V.jefense (Panama) are all described as new. New combinations are provided for the PanamanianVaccinium floccosum (=Symphysia floccosa) and the West IndianVaccinium racemosum (=Symphysia racemosa). Keys are provided for the Central American species ofDisterigma andThemistoclesia, the species ofLateropora andLysiclesia, and the Costa Rican and Panamanian species ofVaccinium. Six new species are illustrated.     

New species of Podandrogyne (Cleomaceae) I. Two species from western Colombia and eastern Panama

Podandrogyne chocoensis and Podandrogyne caucana, two new species of Cleomaceae from western Colombia and eastern Panama, are described and illustrated. In view of their probable relationship to each other, but somewhat isolated position with respect to the majority of species of Podandrogyne, the new subsection Breviracemosae is proposed.     

New and interesting Myxomycetes from Norway

Forty–nine species of myxomycetes are reported as new to Norway. Of these, 22 species are new to Scandinavia. Several have not, or only rarely, been reported from Europe. Two species (viz. Diderma subfloriformis and Comatricha anomala) were previously known only from their type localities. Brief discussions are given for some of the more interesting species.     

采自东北地区的红菇属3个中国新记录种

对采自中国吉林省及内蒙古部分地区的红菇属真菌标本进行研究,确认3种为中国新记录种：橙焰红菇Russula aurantioflammans Ruots., Sarnari&Vauras,蜜红菇Russula melitode Romagn.,拉汗帕利红菇Russula lakhanpalii A. Ghosh, K. Das&R.P. Bhatt。详细描述了形态特征并绘制形态线条图。通过宏观形态特征和ITS序列的对比证实了形态学的准确性。     

New and interesting chaetothyrialean fungi from Spain

In the course of taxonomic studies on saprobic microfungi from Spain, several slow-growing, dematiaceous hyphomycetes were isolated from soil, submerged plant material and river sediments. Sixteen of these strains were identified as members of the ascomycete order Chaetothyriales on the basis of morphology and DNA sequence analyses of the internal transcribed spacer region and partial large subunit ribosomal RNA gene. These included three novel species (Cladophialophora pseudocarrionii, Cyphellophora chlamydospora, and Rhinocladiella amoena) and five interesting, little-known or clinically-relevant species (Cyphellophora suttonii, Exophiala aquamarina, E. lacus, E. radicis, and Rhinocladiella similis). In addition, Exophiala oligosperma, an emerging opportunistic fungus, was found for the first time in an aquatic freshwater environment (river sediments). Cladophialophora pseudocarrionii resembles C. carrionii in the branching pattern of its conidial chains, but differs from the latter species in its inability to grow at 30 °C. Cyphellophora chlamydospora differs from other species of the genus in the absence of conidiation, producing only chlamydospores in vitro. Rhinocladiella amoena shows branched conidiophores similar to those of R. anceps, R. atrovirens, R. basitona and R. similis, but differs from them in conidial shape and size. The ex-type strain of Phialophora livistonae, included in the phylogenetic study, clustered with high statistical support with members of the genus Cyphellophora and is transferred to this genus.     

Some interesting Orthotrichum species from mainland Greece and Evvia

Abstract

Based on collections made by the authors in mainland Greece, including the Peloponnese and the island of Evvia, several Orthotrichum records of interest are documented. Orthotrichum acuminatum, O. philibertii, O. tortidontium, O . hispanicum, O. macrocephalum and O. shawii are reported for the first time from Greece, the last three also being new to the eastern Mediterranean. O. rivulare, O. scanicum, and O. alpestre, hitherto doubtfully recorded, are confirmed for Greece and new localities are given for O. stramineum, for which there are few previous records.     

New Lactarane Sesquiterpenoid from the Fungus Russula emetica

A new lactarane sesquiterpenoid with a β,γ-epoxy-γ-lactone moiety was isolated from the neutral fraction of an extract of Russula emetica, together with three known sesquiterpenoids. The structures of these compounds were identified by chemical transformation of related compounds and by spectroscopic methods.     

New and interesting penzigioid Xylaria species with small, soft stromata

Six penzigioid Xylaria species that are characterized by small, discoid to pulvinate, soft stromata are included in this study. Xylaria albocinctoides, X. bicampaniformis and X. lechatii are described as new; Nummularia albocincta, Hypoxylon carabayense and H. discolor are moved to the genus Xylaria to form new combinations X. albocincta, X. carabayensis and X. discolor respectively. An identification key is provided for the major aggregates of Xylaria that harbor penzigioid species as well as the species of the X. frustulosa aggregate, to which the six studied penzigioid Xylaria species belong.     

Russula herrerae, a new species with marginal veil from Mexico

Russula herrerae, a new species belonging to section Plorantes, subsection Lactarioideae, characterized by the presence of a marginal veil and collected in a temperate Quercus forest in Tlaxcala, Mexico, is described and illustrated.     

New and interesting records of fungi from Shetland

Summary

Twenty-seven species are recorded from Shetland, especially Fair Isle and Herma Ness, Unst, of which eleven are new records to the island archipelago.