埃博霉素B小试发酵罐发酵条件研究

研究了纤维堆囊菌(Sorangium cellulosum)So F5-76在5 L发酵罐水平上发酵生产埃博霉素B的基本工艺参数,具体考察了接种量、搅拌转速、通气量、添加消泡剂及补糖等5个工艺参数对埃博霉素B发酵产量的影响。最后确定发酵罐基本发酵条件为接种量9%,搅拌转速180 r/min,空气流量3.5 L/min,消泡剂种类选择Antifoam B聚醚类消泡剂,补糖控制在发酵液糖浓度为0.2 g/L,在此条件下埃博霉素B的产量可达25.6 mg/L。     

酶水解菊芋糖浆发酵生产琥珀酸的初步研究

用产菊粉酶的一株黑曲霉菌株进行产酶发酵条件和水解条件研究,在30℃,pH 6.0,摇床转速200 r/min,发酵时间为3 d的最适产酶条件下,酶活可以达到45.9 U/mL.以总糖含量为85.2 g/L的菊芋粉为初始底物,最适酶水解条件为温度50℃,加黑曲霉培养液的量为10%(v/v),水解12 h后,水解率达到99.6%.用此酶解液在5 L搅拌发酵罐中进行琥珀酸发酵,初始还原糖浓度53.5 g/L,36 h发酵产琥珀酸43.8 g/L,琥珀酸产率0.83 g/g,糖利用率99.0%,琥珀酸生产强度1.22 g/(L·h).     

里氏木霉液体发酵产纤维素酶的研究

在摇瓶试验基础上,采用里氏木霉(Trichoderma reesei)HC-415菌株进行5L自控罐产纤维素酶深层发酵试验。在通气量为 0.2—0.6vvm、搅拌速度为 400r/min、发酵液pH控制在5.8—6.1的条件下,发酵液的羧甲基纤维素(CMC)酶酶活最高为325.0mg糖/ml,滤纸糖酶(FPA)酶活最高达17.9mg糖/ml。发酵周期为108h。所得冻干纤维素酶粉CMC酶活最高3111IU/g,FPA最高135IU/g ,对发酵液得率平均6.7g/L。酶活总收率CMC酶活平均78.2％,FPA酶活平均73.5％。     

米根霉利用纯糖和不同预处理玉米秸秆酶解糖生产L-乳酸

通过单因素实验设计,优化米根霉摇瓶发酵产L-乳酸。在此基础上,以蒸气爆破和碱处理玉米秸秆酶解液为混合C源,与纯糖对比,研究不同预处理玉米秸秆混合C源对米根霉发酵产L-乳酸的影响。结果显示:在初始葡萄糖质量浓度100g/L、(NH4)2SO4质量浓度2g/L、接种量6%(体积分数)、转速170r/min、发酵12h后添加30g/LCaCO3的条件下,米根霉发酵产L-乳酸质量浓度为69.15g/L。米根霉发酵不同预处理玉米秸秆酶解混合C源,木糖的存在影响了米根霉的C代谢网络,降低L乳酸的产量。     

地衣芽孢杆菌D-1产碱性蛋白酶培养条件的优化

为了对产碱性蛋白酶的地衣芽孢杆菌D-1的培养条件进行优化,利用10 L发酵罐,采用正交设计19(34)试验,对培养温度、pH值、搅拌转速、通气量4条件进行优化,得到地衣芽孢杆菌D-1发酵产碱性蛋白酶的最优培养条件为:培养温度37.0℃,pH值7.5,通气量4L/min,搅拌转速300r/min.利用最优条件组合进行验证...     

碱性β-甘露聚糖酶发酵工艺的研究

本文报道碱性β-甘露聚糖酶16L罐的发酵工艺。在发酵过程中,通气量影响菌体生长,最适通气量为1:0.75—1:1.0vvm。搅拌速度影响菌体产酶,最适搅拌速度为500r/min。碳源为魔芋粉,其适宜浓度为2%。发酵周期为40小时。发酵液中β-甘露聚糖酶的酶活力达300u/ml,比摇床上培养提高了2倍。     

胶质芽孢杆菌胞外多糖的发酵生产及结构鉴定

以胶质芽孢杆菌(Bacillus mucilaginosus)SM-01作为出发菌株,通过研究5 L发酵罐中不同搅拌转速、通气量对菌株SM-01生产胞外多糖的影响,确定了最适的搅拌转速与通气量分别为600 r/min、2.0 VVM(每分钟通气量与罐体实际料液体积的比值)。在最适条件下,发酵液中胶质芽孢杆菌胞外多糖(BMPS)的质量浓度可达29.8 g/L。进而经DEAE-52离子交换柱层析纯化得到纯多糖。凝胶渗透色谱法测定多糖的分子量为4.4×10~6。红外光谱分析其含有酸性糖成分,经间羟基联苯法测定,其酸性糖含量为24.6%。采用气相色谱检测BMPS单糖构成为葡萄糖、甘露糖及半乳糖,摩尔比为3.2∶2.2∶1。     

发酵生产魔芋葡甘聚糖酶

目的:探索和了解发酵生产葡甘聚糖酶的最佳条件。方法:在 5L发酵罐上测定不同温度、pH和接种量对发酵的影响,并用正交试验筛选最佳的产酶条件配伍。结果:该菌产生葡甘聚糖酶的条件为接种量 1 0 %,通气量 2 0L h,发酵的前 1 6h温度为 40℃,搅拌速度 2 0 0r min,pH 7 0左右,之后温度调至 5 0℃,搅拌速度 1 0 0r min,pH调至 6. 0左右,添加 0 . 2 5 %的豆油做消泡剂。在这个条件下发酵获得的酶比活力可达 5 0 0 9U mg,总活力达到 1 0 81 9U ml。     

低糖流加法生产L-缬氨酸发酵工艺条件的研究

研究了糖浓度对L -缬氨酸产生菌 (Brevibacteriumflavum)Apv- 2菌积累L -缬氨酸的影响 ,通过三十吨发酵罐发酵工艺条件的试验 ,在合适的外界条件下 ,确定了该菌种发酵L -缬氨酸的最佳初糖浓度和补糖浓度 ,在初糖质量浓度为 3.5 %～ 4 .5 %时 ,发酵至 16h开始连续流加葡萄糖 ,维持发酵培养基中残糖质量浓度为 1.2 %～ 1.5 % ,经过 4 8h左右发酵 ,L -缬氨酸发酵产酸率 3.3%～ 3.5 %。     

高产漆酶丝孢菌筛选及发酵条件初步研究

本研究首次发现丝孢菌Monodictys desquamata具有高产漆酶能力,对其发酵条件进行初步研究,结果表明,最佳培养条件为:改进的Kirk产酶培养基包含10 g/L葡萄糖,0.2g/L酒石酸铵,pH 6.0,28℃,120 r/min振荡发酵培养288 h,漆酶活性达到最高值,为573.33 U/mL。     

Investigation of the mechanism of temperature sensitivity of the electroreceptors of ampullae of lorenzini

In experiments on Black Sea skates (Raja clavata), the potential of the receptor epithelium of the ampullae of Lorenzini and spike activity of single nerve fibers connected to them were investigated during electrical and temperature stimulation. Usually the potential within the canal was between 0 and –2 mV, and the input resistance of the ampulla 250–400 k. Heating of the region of the receptor epithelium was accompanied by a negative wave of potential, an increase in input resistance, and inhibition of spike activity. With worsening of the animal's condition the transepithelial potential became positive (up to +10 mV) but the input resistance of the ampulla during stimulation with a positive current was nonlinear in some cases: a regenerative spike of positive polarity appeared in the channel. During heating, the spike response was sometimes reversed in sign. It is suggested that fluctuations of the transepithelial potential and spike responses to temperature stimulation reflect changes in the potential difference on the basal membrane of the receptor cells, which is described by a relationship of the Nernst's or Goldman's equation type.I. P. Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. I. M. Sechenov, Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad. Pacific Institute of Oceanology, Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Neirofiziologiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, pp. 67–74, January–February, 1980.     

真菌类遗传学分析的知识结构教学

本文以认知结构理论为指导,讨论了真菌类遗传分析与高等动植物遗传分析的内在联系,认为利用这种内在联系进行教学可收到好的效果并说明了作者的具体教学过程。 Abstract:In the paper, the relationship between genetic analysis of Fungi and genetic analysis of high animal and plant was discussed.A good results were obtained when we adopted this method in the teaching.     

Analysis of mechanism of formation of epidemic variant of disease activator

Pre-epidemic circulation of a multivariate agent is simulated. An assumption on the possibility of forming a new variant as a combination of properties of circulating variants is examined.