脑蛋白粉的制备及其酶解方法的研究

研究了以鲜猪脑制备蛋白粉并进行酶水解的方法 ;脑蛋白粉质量、不同酶和加酶方法对水解结果的影响 ;分析了水解液中游离氨基酸和低分子肽谱 ,并与国内外类似研究进行了比较。结果表明 :丙酮、乙醚沉淀制得的脑蛋白粉含氮 9.0 %～ 1 1 .5% ,脂肪 2 .5%～ 4 .0 % ,适于酶解 ;水解液含有 1 6种游离氨基酸 ,总量达 3 2 .4 4mg/ml和 4个分子量小于 1万的肽。提出精制脑蛋白粉进行水解、减压浓缩、超滤是提高水解液有效成分的技术措施。     

皮屑蛋白粉中氨基酸组成与评价

测定了用皮革工业下脚一皮屑蛋白粉中氨基酸含量,与常用动物蛋白源比较发现,皮屑蛋白是一种不完全蛋白质,其氨基酸组成很不平衡,但其限制性氨基酸,赖氨酸和蛋氨酸的含量与其他几种动物蛋白源具有互补性,使用时宜同其他动、植物蛋白源或单体氨基酸相配合,以提高其生物价。     

丝素蛋白粉制备工艺研究

用自制脱盐装置研究了高分子丝素蛋白的降解脱盐方法 ,不仅可提高丝素蛋白粉生产效率和收率 ,而且可以起到脱色的作用 ,所得丝素蛋白粉氨基酸含量与原茧丝中的相差不大。喷雾干燥所得粉末颗粒小于冷冻干燥所得粉末颗粒。采用自制脱盐装置和喷雾干燥配合制备丝素蛋白粉是简便可行的     

猪脑水解液的制备及其生物学活性研究

研究了猪脑水解液的制备及其生物学作用。结果表明:猪脑水解液含有17种氨基酸,其中包括8种必需氨基酸,总氨基酸含量为10493.9mg/L。实验组小鼠服用本品6天后,避暗试验和跳台试验的错误率明显下降(P<0.01),实验组大鼠服用28天后其脑重和雌性大鼠实验组血红蛋白水平显著高于对照组(P<0.05),雌性实验组大鼠在游泳30min后,血乳酸含量明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。提示猪脑水解液不但对脑营养价值高,而且能促进动物的被动学习能力和增强体质     

鱼蛋白粉的营养评价

对采用酶解法和酸水解法制备的白鲢鱼蛋白粉的营养成分进行了分析,从氨基酸组成上表明鱼蛋白粉具有较高的营养价值,在食品行业有较大应用前景。     

一种适用于质谱分析的简化胶内酶解方法

在常规方法的基础上,设计了一种适于质谱分析的简化胶内酶解方法。改进的步骤包括:(1)通过加大洗涤所用超纯水量、延长涡混时间来强化凝胶洗涤的环节;(2)加入酸化处理来提高胰蛋白酶的活性;(3)在预酶解时不加CaCl_2,减少了酶的自切作用;(4)省略了蛋白质样品脱盐、脱SDS的步骤;(5)直接吸取酶解液进行质谱分析。系统比较该简化酶解法和最新报道的一种酶解方法的质谱鉴定效果,简化法能有效减少酶解后肽段的损失,增加质谱数据库搜索的信息量,得到更可靠的蛋白质鉴定结果。     

玉米蛋白粉DNA提取方法比较研究

饲料样本本身的复杂性给进出口产品转基因（genetically modified,GM）成分的检测工作带来了巨大的压力和挑战。玉米蛋白粉主要包含蛋白质、淀粉和脂类等成分,从中提取高品质的DNA比较困难,而高品质的DNA是转基因检测研究的关键,能够大大降低进出口检验中的“假阴性”结果。采用市售主流品牌常用的7种试剂盒（Promega公司、Biotecon公司、天根生化科技有限公司、Invitrogen公司、Qiagen公司、TaKaRa公司）、CTAB法以及改良SDS?CTAB法提取玉米蛋白粉中的DNA。通过对玉米内源基因进行实时荧光PCR检测,发现改良SDS?CTAB法提取的玉米蛋白粉DNA质量明显优于其他方法,改良SDS?CTAB法内源基因zSSIIb的C_t值为28.14,较CTAB法提高了27%。研究建立的改良SDS?CTAB法在国内外尚属首次应用于饲料转基因产品中,并对7批次实验室送检样品进行转基因成分检测,成功检出2批次阳性样品。     

融合蛋白GGH粉针剂制备工艺研究

目的：建立高效液相色谱法测定融合蛋白GGH原料和注射用粉针剂含量的方法,筛选制备粉针剂的辅料和pH,进行6个月的长期稳定性试验。方法：高效液相色谱采用Waters DELTA PAK C18色谱柱,流动相为乙腈和水,梯度洗脱20min,检测波长280nm。根据粉针剂的外形、复溶性、稳定性和活性保留率筛选填充剂及pH。结果：GGH在0.2~1.6mg/ml范围内线性关系良好,可用此方法进行制剂的含量检测;选用4%的甘露醇作为填充剂并调节pH为5.5,可以制备性质较为稳定的GGH冻干粉针剂。结论：可采用含量和纯度检测结合外观性状观察法用于粉针剂的制备工艺筛选,为申报新药提供参考。     

Soy and Rapeseed Protein Hydrolysis by the Enzyme Preparation Protosubtilin

A comparative study of soybean and rapeseed protein hydrolysis by protosubtilin, an original Russian enzyme preparation widely used in animal feed production, has been performed. SDS-PAG electrophoresis, HPLC, and mass spectrometry have been employed to analyze the obtained products. The soybean protein isolate used for hydrolysate production was obtained from a commercial supplier, and rapeseed proteins were prepared from the meal by alkali extraction. Low molecular weight impurities were removed by ultrafiltration. The degree of protein hydrolysis has been shown to depend on the substrate-to-enzyme preparation ratio, hydrolysis time, and protein concentration. Rapeseed protein hydrolysis by protosubtilin at an enzyme/protein ratio of 1: 20 and hydrolysis time of 20 h resulted in complete cleavage of the proteins present in the raw material and the accumulation of oligopeptides (molecular weight less than 14 kDa) and free amino acids, which accounted for 53 and 8% of the initial protein weight, respectively. In contrast to rapeseed proteins, soybean proteins showed considerable gelling at the initial stages of hydrolysis, and the formation of insoluble hydrolysis-resistant fragments was observed. The soluble part of the hydrolysate contained short oligopeptides and free amino acids, which accounted for 13% of the initial protein weight only.     

Protein content and amino acid composition of cassava leaf

On the basis of leaf dry wt, the protein content of six varieties of cassava varied from 29.3 to 38.6% and the estimated leaf protein production ranged from 242 to 953 kg per ha. On the basis of fr. wt of leaf, the total amino acids ranged from 8.42 to 9.4% while the essential amino acids averaged 4.21% and the sulphur-containing amino acids only 0.25%. The amino acid composition profiles for the six varieties was similar.     

海南产螺旋藻粉蛋白质氨基酸

采用Tecator自动定氮仪和Waters PICO-TAG氨基酸自动分析仪测定了海南螺旋藻粉中蛋白质含量和17种氨基酸含量。结果显示海南螺旋藻粉中蛋白质含量达63.3%,总氨基酸含量达60.88%,其中必需氨基酸含量超过40%,比例平衡,符合FA0标准,可与国外产品媲美。     

骨形成蛋白2/珍珠层粉/壳聚糖支架制备及生物性能研究

目的:制备骨形成蛋白2/珍珠层粉/壳聚糖复合多孔支架,观察支架生物性能。方法:采用冷冻干燥法制备骨形成蛋白2/珍珠层粉/壳聚糖多孔支架。用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察支架表面形貌及孔径大小,用比重瓶法检测支架孔隙率,热重分析探讨支架的热稳定性,用微力试验机进行压缩性能测试,并将支架与兔骨髓间充质干细胞共培养检测细胞黏附性能,将支架埋置大鼠皮下观察其炎症反应。结果与结论:制备的骨形成蛋白2/珍珠层粉/壳聚糖支架孔径大小为100~300μm,孔隙率为91.64%,压缩应力达3.37MPa,与细胞共培养贴附较好,有良好的组织相容性,提示该支架可做为组织工程支架材料应用于临床上骨组织缺损的修复。     

酸水解蚕蛹制备复合氨基酸的研究

采用硫酸水解法,以蚕蛹制取复合氨基酸产品,得到氨基酸态氮分别为９．０５％和１３．４５％的食用复合氨基粉和精制复合氨基酸粉。食用复合氨基酸粉含有１８种氨基酸,其中必需氨基酸含量为３９．２％。食用复合氨基酸粉的制备方法经工厂小批量生产证实,其工艺简单易行,适合于中小企业采用,该产品的质量优良,生产成本低廉,具有市场竞争力。     

HPLC法分析乳清蛋白对糖尿病模型小鼠血浆氨基酸组分的影响

为寻求有效的氨基酸分离方法并探讨乳清蛋白对2型糖尿病防治的作用机制,采用HPLC法分析乳清蛋白中氨基酸组分及含量;分别以0％、10％、20％和40％的乳清蛋白(WP)灌胃1型、2型糖尿病模型组、正常组小鼠,4周后观察各组血浆氨基酸的变化.乳清蛋白中亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸分别占氨基酸总量的14.40％、5.93％和5....     

Effect of low-protein amino acid-supplemented diets on the growth performance, gut morphology, organ weights and digesta characteristics of weaned pigs

A 21-day study was conducted to determine whether isoleucine might limit the performance of piglets fed low-crude protein (CP), amino acid (AA)-supplemented diets and to investigate the potential benefits of low-CP diets on gastrointestinal health in weaned pigs. Ninety-six piglets (initial BW = 6.44 ± 0.14 kg), housed four per pen, were randomly assigned to one of four diets, resulting in six replicate pens per diet. Dietary treatments were as follows: (1) 210 g/kg CP diet, (2) 190 g/kg CP diet deficient in isoleucine, (3) 190 g/kg CP diet supplemented with crystalline isoleucine up to the level in the 210 g/kg CP diet and (4) 170 g/kg CP diet supplemented with isoleucine and valine on the ideal protein ratio basis (60% and 70% relative to lysine, respectively). Pigs were allowed to adapt to the new environment for 4 days before the experiment commenced. Overall, pigs fed the 210 g/kg CP diet had higher (P < 0.05) average daily gain and lower (P < 0.05) feed : gain ratio compared with those fed the other diets. The faecal consistency score of pigs fed the 210 g/kg CP diet was higher (P < 0.05) than those fed the other diets. Pigs fed the 170 g/kg diet had lower (P=0.02) small intestine weight than those fed the 210 g/kg CP diet. Pigs fed the 210 g/kg CP diet had deeper (P < 0.05) crypt in the duodenum and ileum and higher (P < 0.05) ammonia N concentration in caecal digesta than those fed the other diets. There were no effects of diet on microbial population and volatile fatty acid concentration in the caecal digesta except for propionic acid whose concentration was higher (P < 0.05) for pigs fed the 170 g/kg diet than those fed the 190+isoleucine and the 210 g/kg CP diets. The results indicate that the low-CP, AA-supplemented diet reduced crypt hypertrophy, ammonia N concentration in the caecal digesta, small intestine weight and the performance of piglets. Also, the results of the current study were inconclusive with respect to whether isoleucine may limit the performance of pigs fed a low-CP, AA-supplemented diet.     

Protein and free amino acids in a high lysine maize double mutant

A comparative study of free amino acids and protein fractions of normal with a double mutant (su₁ o₂) was made, during endosperm development in segregating ears of a maize synthetic. Zein content showed striking differences in the two genotypes, being 7.7 and 6 times greater in the normal endosperm at 24 and 47 days after pollination respectively. This observed decrease in zein synthesis, coded by sugary-1/opaque-2 genes, causes an accumulation of alanine, glutamic and aspartic acids, glutamine and asparagine in the high lysine endosperm mutant.