四联疗法和序贯疗法治疗服用非甾体类消炎药人群幽门螺杆菌感染的临 床对照研究

目的:对比四联疗法和序贯疗法对根除服用非甾体类消炎药(NSAID)人群幽门螺杆菌(Hp),改善其消化道不良症状及促进消化性溃疡愈合的临床效果。方法:对有消化不良症状的服用非甾体类消炎药物患者行胃镜检查、快速尿激酶及13C呼气试验检查,将155例幽门螺杆菌阳性合并有慢性胃炎或消化性溃疡患者作为研究对象,随机分为两组,A组采用四联疗法,B组采用序贯疗法。A组予雷贝拉唑+克拉霉素+阿莫西林+枸橼酸铋钾治疗10天;B组前5天予雷贝拉唑+阿莫西林,后5天予雷贝拉唑+克拉霉素+甲硝唑。治疗结束后,予雷贝拉唑和胃黏膜保护剂治疗8周。停药4周后,复查胃镜、13C呼气试验,观察和比较两组Hp根除率、消化不良症状缓解率及溃疡愈合率。结果:A、B两组Hp根除率分别为(ITT分析:86.7%和81.9%;PP分析:87.8%和84.3%);症状缓解率为(81.9%对79.2%);胃溃疡愈合率为(68.8%对66.7%),十二指肠球部溃疡的愈合率为(68.2%对70.0%),两组患者间Hp根除率、症状缓解率及溃疡愈合率比较均未见明显统计学差异(P>0.05)。四联疗法组和序贯疗法组不良反应的发生率分别为4.9%和4.3%。两组比较无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论:四联疗法和序贯疗法对长期服用非甾体类消炎药物人群的Hp根除疗效、消化不良症状的缓解及促进溃疡愈合的治疗作用均无明显差异。     

阿奇霉素治疗支原体肺炎的序贯疗法定量分析

利用室分析方法,建立了药物动力学模型,给出了静脉、口服多次用药后血药浓度,并绘制出药时曲线,分析了所给的阿奇霉素治疗支原体肺炎的序贯疗法用药方案可行性,提高了用药的依从性。     

Sequential Therapy to Achieve Anovulatory Cycles

Sequential oral contraceptive therapy was devised to inhibit ovulation by a potent estrogen alone. A progestational agent was added at the end of the course of therapy to prepare the endometrium for adequate withdrawal bleeding. The program consisted of giving 80 μg. of metranol daily for 15 days and then a combination of 80 μg. of mestranol and 2 mg. of chlormadinone acetate for five additional days. Such a regimen proved to be effective in 6070 patients carefully observed for 82,085 cycles of therapy at 25 medical centres.Increased cycle regularity was noted: 98.1% of the cycles were 25 to 31 days long. In 80.1% of cycles, the withdrawal interval was two to five days in length. Duration of flow was four to six days in 85.3% of the therapeutic cycles. The amount of flow decreased as compared with pretreatment values. The incidence and severity of dysmenorrhea during sequential therapy were significantly lower than before treatment. Side effects, usually infrequent, diminished as therapy was continued; the average incidence of breakthrough bleeding was 1.9% and nausea was 2.9%. Extensive laboratory studies showed no consistent abnormalities. For oral contraception, sequential therapy has proved to be virtually 100% effective when taken as directed.     

序贯疗法联合布拉氏酵母菌根除儿童幽门螺杆菌感染的疗效评价

摘要 目的：探讨布拉氏酵母菌联合序贯疗法根除儿童幽门螺杆菌（Hp）感染的疗效。方法：选取2020年1月～2022年6月期间佛山市妇幼保健院就诊的Hp感染患儿100例,均进行胃镜下胃黏膜病变程度评分。按照随机数字表法将患儿分为观察组（n=50,序贯疗法联合布拉氏酵母菌）和对照组（n=50,序贯疗法）,均治疗10 d。比较两组治疗前、治疗10 d后免疫功能相关指标、炎症因子指标以及不良反应发生率,并比较治疗后4周的Hp根除率以及治疗前、治疗后4周的胃黏膜病变程度评分。结果：观察组的临床总有效率、Hp根除率高于对照组,胃黏膜病变程度评分优于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗10 d后,两组CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺升高,且观察组高于对照组,CD8⁺降低,且观察组低于对照组（P<0.05）。治疗10 d后,两组白细胞介素（IL）-10升高,且观察组高于对照组,IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、干扰素-γ（IFN-γ）降低,且观察组低于对照组（P<0.05）。两组不良反应发生率对比无差异（P>0.05）。结论：序贯疗法联合布拉氏酵母菌用于根除儿童Hp感染治疗,可减轻胃黏膜病变程度,改善患儿的免疫功能和炎症因子水平,提高Hp根除率。     

Hp‐normogram (normo‐graham) for Assessing the Outcome of H. pylori Therapy: Effect of Resistance,Duration, and CYP2C19 Genotype

There have been hundreds of H. pylori eradication trials and yet doubt remains regarding the best regimen for any situation. With most regimens, treatment failure is the result of resistance to one component (e.g., clarithromycin). Thus, if one knows the treatment success with two groups (all with susceptible and with all with resistant infections), one can construct a normogram that provides a reliable estimate of the outcome at any prevalence of resistance. The same data can be used to estimate the prevalence of resistance in any clinical trial, the effects duration of therapy, and effects of any procedures to improve outcome (e.g., increasing the proton‐pump inhibitor dose, the duration of therapy, etc.). Because the Hp‐normo‐graham can reliably predict the outcome of clinical trials, it can also obviate the need for many clinical trials in populations where resistance is common. Here, we illustrate the construction of Hp‐normo‐graham and its use to describe the effects of resistance, duration of therapy, attempts to improve results, and the prevalence of resistance and to obviate the need for many clinical trials.