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1.
根据形态特征难以准确地辨别金合欢属植物,DNA条形码技术提供了一种准确地鉴定物种的方法。本文利用条形码技术对中国金合欢属物种的序列(psbA trnH、matK、rbcL和ITS)及其不同组合进行比较,通过计算种内和种间变异进行barcoding gap分析,运用Wilcoxon秩和检验比较不同序列的变异性,构建系统树。结果表明:4个片段均存在barcoding gap,ITS序列种间变异率较psbA trnH、rbcL和matK序列有明显优势,单片段ITS正确鉴定率最高,ITS+rbcL片段联合条码的正确鉴定率最高,因此我们认为ITS片段或条形码组合ITS+rbcL是金合欢属的快速鉴别最理想的条码。 相似文献
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植物DNA条形码技术 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
DNA条形码技术是利用标准的、具有足够变异的、易扩增且相对较短的DNA片段在物种内的特异性和种间的多样性而创建的一种新的生物身份识别系统,从而实现对物种的快速自动鉴定。尽管这一技术在理论上和具体应用上仍存在很多争论。但DNA条形码概念自2003年由加拿大分类学家Paul Hebert首次提出后就在世界范围内受到了广泛关注。在植物类群中条形码的研究和应用尚处于探索阶段,稍落后于对动物类群的研究,这主要表现在:(1)DNA条形码的选择及其评价仍没有统一的标准:(2)对类群较全面的形态分类学修订和植物DNA条形码研究的结合十分缺乏:(3)以往研究在取样上尺度较大,而对具体类群的研究较少,一个科或一个属只用有限的种类作为代表,同一种内的取样个体数量也不足,这样虽然表面上看来利用选定的DNA条形码可以较容易地把代表物种区分开,但实际上目前建议的植物DNA条形码(例如由生命条形码咨询委员会植物工作组最近提出的rbcL和matK)由于其分子进化速率较慢,在种级水平上,特别是对于那些经历了适应辐射或快速进化的属来说,分辨率较低。而DNA条形码的应用主要集中在属内物种水平的鉴别,因此只有针对具体类群进行探索研究,发现进化速率较快、分辨率高且通用性好的条形码,才可能为建立完整的条形码数据库起到积极有效的作用。 相似文献
3.
龙脑香科植物是东南亚地区重要的热带木材来源树种, 对其开展DNA条形码评估在林业监管及森林资源保护等方面具有非常重要的实际应用价值。通过对龙脑香科植物样品进行rbcL、matK、trnL-trnF和ITS2四个片段的扩增和测序, 结合GenBank下载的数据, 共获得龙脑香科树种14属244种共计899条序列。通过比较4个片段的通用性、序列特征、种内和种间的遗传变异, 基于Best Match (BM)、Best Close Match (BCM)、相似性搜索算法(BLAST)和邻接树(NJ) 4种方法评估DNA条形码对于龙脑香科树种的鉴定能力。结果表明, ITS2在龙脑香科树种中鉴定效率最高, 通过优化的扩增体系能够从该科植物叶片中获得较高质量的ITS2片段; 叶绿体matK片段扩增和测序效率为100%, 且种内及种间遗传变异明显, 鉴定成功率高于其它叶绿体片段, 并据此提出ITS2和matK适合作为龙脑香科树种的DNA条形码。 相似文献
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秋海棠属植物种类繁多,形态变异多样,导致种类的系统放置混乱,近缘种类鉴定困难。利用DNA条形码实现物种快速准确的鉴定技术具有不受形态特征约束的优势,为秋海棠属植物的分类鉴定提供了新的方法。本研究选择4个DNA条形码候选片段(rbcL,matK,trnH psbA,ITS)对中国秋海棠属26种136个个体进行了分析。结果显示:叶绿体基因rbcL,matK和trnH psbA种内和种间变异小,对秋海棠属植物的鉴别能力有限;ITS/ITS2种内和种间变异大,在本研究中物种正确鉴定率达到100%/96%,可考虑作为秋海棠属DNA条形码鉴定的候选片段。研究结果支持中国植物条形码研究组建议将核基因ITS/ITS2纳入种子植物DNA条形码核心片段中的观点。 相似文献
6.
蒟蒻薯属(Tacca)植物种间在形态上差别不大,导致分类上存在一定的困难。DNA条形码是一种利用短的DNA标准片段来鉴别和发现物种的方法。本研究利用核基因ITS片段和叶绿体基因trnH psbA, rbcL, matK片段对蒟蒻薯属6个种的DNA条形码进行研究,对4个DNA片段可用性,种内种间变异,barcode gap进行了分析,采用Tree based和BBA两种方法比较不同序列的鉴定能力。结果显示:单片段ITS正确鉴定率最高,片段组合rbcL+matK正确鉴定率最高。支持CBOL植物工作组推荐的条码组合rbcL+matK可作为蒟蒻薯属物种鉴定的标准条码,建议ITS片段作为候选条码。丝须蒟蒻薯Tacca integrifolia采自西藏的居群与马来西亚居群形成了2个不同的遗传分支,且两者在形态上也存在一定的差异,很可能是一个新种。 相似文献
7.
蒟蒻薯属(薯蓣科)植物DNA条形码研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
蒟蒻薯属(Tacca)植物种间在形态上差别不大,导致分类上存在一定的困难.DNA条形码是一种利用短的DNA标准片段来鉴别和发现物种的方法.本研究利用核基因ITS片段和叶绿体基因trn H-psbA,rbcL,matK片段对蒟蒻薯属6个种的DNA条形码进行研究,对4个DNA片段可用性,种内种间变异,barcode gap进行了分析,采用Tree-based和BBA两种方法比较不同序列的鉴定能力.结果显示:单片段ITS正确鉴定率最高,片段组合rbcL+matK正确鉴定率最高.支持CBOL植物工作组推荐的条码组合rbcL+matK可作为蒟蒻薯属物种鉴定的标准条码,建议ITS片段作为候选条码.丝须蒟蒻薯Tacca integrifolia采自西藏的居群与马来西亚居群形成了2个不同的遗传分支,且两者在形态上也存在一定的差异,很可能是一个新种. 相似文献
8.
黄精属植物分布广泛、资源丰富、类群复杂、栽培历史悠久,具有重要的药用、经济、观赏与文化价值.在大健康的时代背景下,黄精作为中国传统中药材,其潜在市场和广泛用途不断受到人们的重视与发掘.随着分子生物学科研究的完善与深入,先后出现了多种基于DNA水平的分子鉴定技术,加速黄精属相关领域的研究并取得了较为丰硕的成果.本文对近年... 相似文献
9.
龙脑香科植物是东南亚地区重要的热带木材来源树种, 对其开展DNA条形码评估在林业监管及森林资源保护等方面具有非常重要的实际应用价值。通过对龙脑香科植物样品进行rbcL、matK、trnL-trnF和ITS2四个片段的扩增和测序, 结合GenBank下载的数据, 共获得龙脑香科树种14属244种共计899条序列。通过比较4个片段的通用性、序列特征、种内和种间的遗传变异, 基于Best Match (BM)、Best Close Match (BCM)、相似性搜索算法(BLAST)和邻接树(NJ) 4种方法评估DNA条形码对于龙脑香科树种的鉴定能力。结果表明, ITS2在龙脑香科树种中鉴定效率最高, 通过优化的扩增体系能够从该科植物叶片中获得较高质量的ITS2片段; 叶绿体matK片段扩增和测序效率为100%, 且种内及种间遗传变异明显, 鉴定成功率高于其它叶绿体片段, 并据此提出ITS2和matK适合作为龙脑香科树种的DNA条形码。 相似文献
10.
DNA条形码是利用相对较短的标准DNA片段对物种进行快速准确鉴定的一门技术。DNA条形码技术可以从分子水平弥补传统鉴定方法的一些不足。该技术具有良好的通用性,使得物种鉴定过程更加快速,已经广泛应用于动物物种的鉴定研究中。近年来,随着药用植物DNA条形码鉴定研究的快速发展,逐渐形成了药用植物和植物源中药材鉴定的完善体系。本文综述了DNA条形码技术鉴定药用植物的原理,介绍了中草药传统鉴定方法及其缺陷、使用DNA条形码技术鉴定植物源药材的意义以及DNA条形码在药用植物鉴定中的应用,对其应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
11.
DNA barcoding is a new technology which can identify species rapidly based on short and standardized DNA sequences. Ligularia, a genus of Asteraceae with about 140 species, exhibits high morphological and ecological diversity, which makes the classification and species delimitation difficult, especially in the cases of closely related taxa. In this study, we tested four DNA core barcoding regions (ITS, matK, psbA trnH and rbcL) in 144 samples representing 35 species of Ligularia. The results revealed that the chloroplast regions (matK, psbA trnH and rbcL) have extremely low species identification rate due to low interspecific variation. Conversely, ITS sequence showed higher species identification rate (60%) and could discriminate the species which are difficult to identify. The combination of these four gene fragments did not improve the ability of species discrimination. 相似文献
12.
秋海棠属植物种类繁多,形态变异多样,导致种类的系统放置混乱,近缘种类鉴定困难。利用DNA条形码实现物种快速准确的鉴定技术具有不受形态特征约束的优势,为秋海棠属植物的分类鉴定提供了新的方法。本研究选择4个DNA条形码候选片段(rbcL,matK,trnH-psbA,ITS)对中国秋海棠属26种136个个体进行了分析。结果显示:叶绿体基因rbcL,matK和trnH-psbA种内和种间变异小,对秋海棠属植物的鉴别能力有限:ITS/ITS2种内和种间变异大,在本研究中物种正确鉴定率达到100%/96%,可考虑作为秋海棠属DNA条形码鉴定的候选片段。研究结果支持中国植物条形码研究组建议将核基因ITS/ITS2纳人种子植物DNA条形码核心片段中的观点。 相似文献
13.
DNA barcoding is a method of species identification and recognition using DNA sequence data. A tiered or multilocus method has been recommended for barcoding plant species. In this study, we sampled 196 individuals representing 9 genera and 54 species of Juglandaceae to investigate the utility of the four potential barcoding loci (rbcL, matK, trnH-psbA, and internal transcribed spacer (ITS)). Our results show that all four DNA regions are easy to amplify and sequence. In the four tested DNA regions, ITS has the most variable information, and rbcL has the least. At generic level, seven of nine genera can be efficiently identified by matK. At species level, ITS has higher interspecific p-distance than the trnH-psbA region. Difficult to align in the whole family, ITS showed heterogeneous variability among different genera. Except for the monotypic genera (Cyclocarya, Annamocarya, Platycarya), ITS appeared to have limited power for species identification within the Carya and Engelhardia complex, and have no power for Juglans or Pterocarya. Overall, our results confirmed that a multilocus tiered method for plant barcoding was applicable and practicable. With higher priority, matK is proposed as the first-tier DNA region for genus discrimination, and the second locus at species level should have enough stable variable characters. 相似文献
14.
DNA barcoding is a method of species identification and recognition using DNA sequence data. A tiered or multilocus method has been recommended for barcoding plant species. In this study, we sampled 196 individuals representing 9 genera and 54 species of Juglandaceae to investigate the utility of the four potential barcoding loci (rbcL, matK, trnH-psbA, and internal transcribed spacer (ITS)). Our results show that all four DNA regions are easy to amplify and sequence. In the four tested DNA regions, ITS has the most variable information, and rbcL has the least. At generic level, seven of nine genera can be efficiently identified by matK. At species level, ITS has higher interspecific p-distance than the trnH-psbA region. Difficult to align in the whole family, ITS showed heterogeneous variability among different genera. Except for the monotypic genera (Cyclocarya, Annamocarya, Platycarya), ITS appeared to have limited power for species identification within the Carya and Engelhardia complex, and have no power for Juglans or Pterocarya. Overall, our results confirmed that a multilocus tiered method for plant barcoding was applicable and practicable. With higher priority, matK is proposed as the first-tier DNA region for genus discrimination, and the second locus at species level should have enough stable variable characters. 相似文献
15.
Abstract Bambusoideae is an important subfamily of the grass family Poaceae that has considerable economic, ecologic and cultural value. In addition, Bambusoideae species are important constituents of the forest vegetation in China. Because of the paucity of flower‐bearing specimens and homoplasies of morphological characters, it is difficult to identify species of Bambusoideae using morphology alone, especially in the case of temperate woody bamboos (i.e. Arundinarieae). To this end, DNA barcoding has shown great potential in identifying species. The present study is the first attempt to test the feasibility of four proposed DNA barcoding markers (matK, rbcL, trnH–psbA, and internal transcribed spacer [ITS]) in identifying 27 species of the temperate woody bamboos. Three plastid markers showed high levels of universality, whereas the universality of ITS was comparatively low. A single plastid marker provided low levels of discrimination success at both the genus and species levels (<12%). Among the combinations of plastid markers, the highest discriminatory power was obtained using the combination of rbcL+matK (14.8%). Using a combination of three markers did not increase species discrimination. The nuclear region ITS alone could identify 66.7% of species, although fewer taxa were included in the ITS analyses than in the plastid analyses. When ITS was integrated with a single or combination of plastid markers, the species discriminatory power was significantly improved. We suggest that a combination of rbcL+ ITS, which exhibited the highest species identification power of all combinations in the present study, could be used as a potential DNA barcode for temperate woody bamboos. 相似文献
16.
Alitong QIMIKE 《植物分类学报》2011,49(3)
The pondweeds (Potamogetonaceae) are among the most important plant groups in the aquatic environment. Owing to their high morphological and ecological diversity, species identification of this aquatic family remains problematic. DNA barcoding involves sequencing a standard DNA region and has been shown to be a powerful tool for species identification. In the present study, we tested four barcoding markers (rbcL, matK, internal transcribed spacer (ITS), and trnH-psbA) in 15 Potamogeton species and two Stuckenia species, representing most species of the Potamogetonaceae in China. The results show that all four regions can distinguish and support the newly proposed genera of Stuckenia from Potamogeton. Using ITS and trnH-psbA, significant interspecific genetic variability was shown. However, intraspecific genetic variability of trnH-psbA is high and so it is not suitable for barcoding in Potamogetonaceae. The ITS and matK regions showed good discrimination. However, matK was not easy to sequence using universal primers. The best performing single locus was ITS, making it a potentially useful DNA barcode in Potamogetonaceae. 相似文献