A型流感病毒RNA聚合酶及其对基因组复制和转录的调控作用

A型流感病毒是正粘病毒科成员,为单股负链分节段RNA病毒,全基因组由八个节段组成,分别编码八种结构蛋白(PB2、PB1、PA、HA、NP、NA、M1和M2)和两种非结构蛋白(NS1和NS2)。核蛋白(NP)和RNA聚合酶复合体与病毒的八个RNA节段组成八个螺旋丝状的病毒核衣壳(RNP),核衣壳被双层类脂膜包裹,脂膜内为基质蛋白(M1)层,膜上镶嵌着HA、NA和M2三种膜蛋白。HA和NA为流感病毒的主要抗原。根据HA和NA抗原性的差异,A型流感病毒可分16个HA亚型和9个NA亚型[1]。A型流感病毒具有广泛的宿主范围和超强的重组变异能力,对人类健康的威胁日趋…     

A型流感病毒RNA聚合酶及其对基因组复制和转录的调控作用

A型流感病毒是正粘病毒科成员,为单股负链分节段RNA病毒,全基因组由八个节段组成,分别编码八种结构蛋白(PB2、PB1、PA、HA、NP、NA、M1和M2)和两种非结构蛋白(NS1和NS2).核蛋白(NP)和RNA聚合酶复合体与病毒的八个RNA节段组成八个螺旋丝状的病毒核衣壳(RNP),核衣壳被双层类脂膜包裹,脂膜内为基质蛋白(M1)层,膜上镶嵌着HA、NA和M2三种膜蛋白.HA和NA为流感病毒的主要抗原.根据HA和NA抗原性的差异,A型流感病毒可分16个HA亚型和9个NA亚型[1].A型流感病毒具有广泛的宿主范围和超强的重组变异能力,对人类健康的威胁日趋严重,引起各国政府和科技工作者的广泛关注.研究RNA聚合酶的功能、揭示病毒复制和变异机理是目前抗流感病毒感染研究的热点之一.本文综述了流感病毒RNA聚合酶及其对病毒基因组复制和转录调控的研究进展.     

DNA Virus Replication Compartments

Viruses employ a variety of strategies to usurp and control cellular activities through the orchestrated recruitment of macromolecules to specific cytoplasmic or nuclear compartments. Formation of such specialized virus-induced cellular microenvironments, which have been termed viroplasms, virus factories, or virus replication centers, complexes, or compartments, depends on molecular interactions between viral and cellular factors that participate in viral genome expression and replication and are in some cases associated with sites of virion assembly. These virus-induced compartments function not only to recruit and concentrate factors required for essential steps of the viral replication cycle but also to control the cellular mechanisms of antiviral defense. In this review, we summarize characteristic features of viral replication compartments from different virus families and discuss similarities in the viral and cellular activities that are associated with their assembly and the functions they facilitate for viral replication.     

Active Ebola Virus Replication and Heterogeneous Evolutionary Rates in EVD Survivors

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