生物土壤结皮对荒漠土壤线虫群落的影响

在干旱的沙漠生态系统中,生物土壤结皮对于沙丘的固定和土壤生物的维持起着相当重要的作用.土壤线虫能敏感的指示土壤的恢复程度,是衡量沙区生态恢复与健康的重要生物学属性,而目前关于生物土壤结皮与土壤线虫的关系研究很少.为探明生物土壤结皮对土壤线虫的影响,以腾格里沙漠东南缘的人工植被固沙区藻结皮和藓类结皮覆盖的沙丘土壤为研究对象,根据固沙年限的不同将样地分为4个不同的区进行采样(1956、1964、1981和1991年固沙区),以流沙区作为对照;同时,在不同季度(4、7、9和12月)分别采集腾格里沙漠东南缘的人工植被固沙区藻结皮和藓类结皮覆盖下不同土层(0-10、10-20和20-30 cm)的沙丘土壤,以沙坡头地区的红卫天然植被区为对照,分析生物土壤结皮下土壤线虫的时空变化.采用改良的Baermann漏斗法进行分离线虫,用光学显微镜鉴定并统计.研究表明:1956、1964、1981和1991年人工植被固沙区的藻结皮和藓类结皮均可显著提高其下土壤线虫多度、属的丰富度、Shannon-Weaver多样性指数、富集指数和结构指数(P＜0.05),这可能是因为生物土壤结皮的存在为土壤线虫提供了重要的食物来源和适宜的生存环境;固沙年限与结皮下土壤线虫多度、属的丰富度、Shannon-Weaver多样性指数、富集指数和结构指数存在显著的正相关关系(P＜0.05),这说明固沙年限越久,越有利于土壤线虫的生存和繁衍;结皮类型显著影响土壤线虫群落,相对于藻结皮而言,藓类结皮下土壤线虫多度与属的丰富度更高(P＜0.05),这说明演替后期的藓类结皮比演替早期的藻结皮更有利于土壤线虫的生存和繁衍.此外,藻结皮和藓类结皮均可显著增加其下0-10、10-20和20-30 cm土层线虫多度和属的丰富度(P＜0.05),但随着土壤深度的增加,这种影响逐渐减弱,表明生物土壤结皮更有利于表层土壤线虫的生存;而且,随着季节的变化,藻结皮和藓类结皮下土壤线虫多度基本表现为秋季＞夏季＞春季＞冬季,这些反映了生物土壤结皮的生物量、盖度和种类组成随着季节变化而变化.因此,腾格里沙漠东南缘的人工植被固沙区生物土壤结皮的存在与演替有利于土壤线虫的生存和繁衍,增加了线虫数量、种类和多样性,这指示了生物土壤结皮有利于该区土壤及其相应生态系统的恢复.     

生物土壤结皮对荒漠土壤种子库和种子萌发的影响

研究了腾格里沙漠东南缘在不同自然条件（风、温度、水分）下,人工固沙植被区（24龄、41龄、50龄）和相邻天然植被区的两种生物土壤结皮对荒漠土壤种子库和种子萌发的影响。结果表明,荒漠土壤种子库在苔藓结皮上的储量显著高于藻类结皮。随着生物土壤结皮的发育,种子萌发量在苔藓结皮上增加,在藻类结皮上减少。生物土壤结皮层的含水量对种子萌发有显著的影响（p〈0.05）,植物种子在湿润处理的生物土壤结皮上的萌发量高于干燥处理的生物土壤结皮上的种子萌发量。生物土壤结皮表层温度和亚表层温度对荒漠植物种子萌发无显著影响（p〉0.05）,但总体而言,对于苔藓结皮,植物种子在较高温度下的萌发量略高于在较低温度下的萌发量,而对于藻类结皮,植物种子在较低温度下的萌发量略高。     

生物土壤结皮的分布影响因子及其监测

生物土壤结皮在荒漠化地区广泛分布。本文详细论述了生物土壤结皮的分布规律及其影响因素,如海拔高度、土壤、维管植物群落水分条件和干扰,以及生物土壤结皮在生态系统和景观变化监测和评价中的作用等。同时对中国西北地区生物土壤结皮的生态学研究和开发应用提供了研究的重点和方向。     

外源输入氮素在藓类生物土壤结皮中各氮组分的分配特征与归趋途径

针对黄土高原典型藓类生物结皮,以无结皮裸地为对照,通过野外原位同位素标记试验,在标记后1~30 d连续取样测定,示踪外源添加¹⁵N在生物结皮中各氮组分的分配特征,并分析¹⁵N在土壤-微生物-藓植株中的归趋途径,对比揭示生物结皮对土壤氮循环的影响。结果表明: 1)生物结皮的全氮、微生物生物量氮、可溶性有机氮中¹⁵N含量分别平均比裸地高2.9、17.5、9.0倍,且藓植株固定的¹⁵N含量高达4.73 mg·kg^-1。2)生物结皮的¹⁵N残留率平均为13.0%,其氮固持能力是裸地(3.3%)的4.0倍;生物结皮中各组分¹⁵N占全氮的比率依次为微生物生物量氮(54.3%)>藓植株氮(22.5%)>可溶性有机氮(6.2%),而裸地则为微生物生物量氮(11.5%)>可溶性有机氮(2.6%),显示生物结皮中微生物和藓植株的氮固持能力合计比裸地高65.3%。3)生物结皮中微生物生物量¹⁵N的转移量和库容量分别比裸地高17.2和20.5倍,但其周转率为每月5.8次,低于裸地的每月7.2次,其周转期是裸地的1.2倍。综上,与无结皮裸地相比,生物结皮具有更高的氮固持能力,同时能够改变土壤各氮组分的分配率,因此,在干旱生态系统土壤氮循环过程中具有重要作用。     

黄土丘陵区生物土壤结皮层水稳性

采用改进的土壤水稳性团聚体数量测定方法,研究了黄土丘陵区不同组成和生物量的生物结皮层水稳定性.结果表明：生物结皮层的水稳定性与其生物组成有关,苔藓结皮的水稳定性显著高于藻结皮,震荡390次后,苔藓结皮的厚度和质量损失率仅分别是藻结皮损失率的47.3%和40.1%;生物结皮层水稳定性与生物结皮的生物组成有关,60%以上苔藓覆盖度的生物结皮的稳定性最高,质量和厚度损失率分别是藻结皮（无苔藓覆盖）损失率的28.6%和22.7%;生物结皮层水平方向结构水稳定性显著大于垂直方向,震荡390次后,苔藓结皮的面积损失率仅为厚度损失率的6.4%.试验分析证实,生物结皮层是一种水平方向稳定性极强的层状结构体,这一结构特性增强了其抗风蚀和水蚀的能力.     

黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区藓结皮对土壤酶活性的影响

以黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区黄绵土和风沙土上发育30年的典型藓结皮为对象,分6层采集0～12 cm土层土样,研究了藓结皮对不同土层4种水解酶活性的影响及其与土壤养分的关系.结果表明: 与无结皮相比,黄绵土藓结皮的脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶和蛋白酶活性分别提升了2.4、7.6、20.7、2.4倍,而风沙土藓结皮的这4种水解酶活性分别提升了3.5、22.2、22.3、2.0倍;黄绵土和风沙土藓结皮的体积含水量分别降低了6.5%和0.8%,温度分别降低了0.8和2.5 ℃;黄绵土藓结皮的有机质、碱解氮和速效磷含量分别提升了2.5、2.9和3.6倍,风沙土分别提升了3.6、3.0和6.6倍.4种水解酶的活性与土壤养分含量呈显著正相关,与土壤含水量呈显著负相关;而土壤温度与脲酶活性呈显著正相关,与蛋白酶活性呈显著负相关.黄土高原水蚀风蚀交错区2种土壤藓结皮均能显著提升水解酶活性,这是藓结皮加速土壤养分周转的重要因素;通过改变土壤含水量和温度等酶促反应条件间接影响酶活性,是藓结皮促进土壤酶活性的重要途径.     

踩踏干扰对生物结皮土壤渗透性的影响

采用人工模拟降雨试验,研究了踩踏干扰对生物结皮土壤渗透性的影响.结果表明:踩踏干扰显著增加了土壤表面粗糙度,增加幅度与干扰强度有关,50%干扰度下表面粗糙度指数较不干扰增加91%.踩踏干扰延长了坡面产流时间,20%～50%干扰度范围内,随着干扰强度的增加,初始产流时间呈线性增加趋势,50%干扰度的初始产流时间较不干扰增加了169.7%.踩踏干扰增加了土壤渗透性,降低径流系数.50%干扰度的土壤累积入渗量较不干扰增加12.6%;去除生物结皮,土壤渗透性降低,累积入渗量较不干扰降低30.2%.50%以下的干扰度未显著增加土壤侵蚀模数.去除生物结皮,土壤侵蚀模数较不干扰增加10倍.生物结皮破碎度低于50%的干扰在不明显增加土壤流失量的前提下,可增加降水入渗,减小径流风险,改善土壤水分状况.     

Chlorophytes of biological soil crusts in Gurbantunggut Desert, Xinjiang Autonomous Region, China

In this paper, chlorophytes collected from 253 biological soil crust samples in Gurbantunggut Desert in Xinjiang Autonomous Region, China were studied by field investigation and microscopical observation in lab. The flora composition, ecological distribution of chlorophytes in the desert and dynamic changes of species composition of chlorophytes in different developing stages of biological soil crusts are preliminarily analyzed. Results showed that there were 26 species belonging to 14 genera and 10 families, in which unicellular chlorophytes were dominant. There existed some differences in distribution of varied sand dune positions. The taxa of chlorophytes in leeward of sand dunes are most abundant, but the taxa in windward, interdune and the top of sand dunes reduced gradually. Chlorophytes were mainly distributed within the crust and the taxa of chlorophytes decrease obviously under the crust. In the developing stages of the biological soil crust, species diversity of chlorophytes changed a little, but species composition presented some differences. Chlorococcum humicola, Chlorella vulgaris, Chlamydomonas ovalis and Chlamydomonas sp. nearly existed in all developing stages of biological crusts. In several former stages of the biological soil crust there were spherical chlorophytes and filamentous ones. When moss crust formed, filamentous chlorophytes disappeared, such as Microspora and Ulothrix. __________ Translated from Arid Zone Research, 2006, 23(2): 189–193 [译自: 干旱区研究]     

Chlorophytes of biological soil crusts in Gurbantunggut Desert, Xinjiang Autonomous Region, China

In this paper, chlorophytes collected from 253 biological soil crust samples in Gurbantunggut Desert in Xinjiang Autonomous Region, China were studied by field investigation and microscopical observation in lab. The flora composition, ecological distribution of chlorophytes in the desert and dynamic changes of species composition of chlorophytes in different developing stages of biological soil crusts are preliminarily analyzed. Results showed that there were 26 species belonging to 14 genera and 10 families, in which unicellular chlorophytes were dominant. There existed some differences in distribution of varied sand dune positions. The taxa of chlorophytes in leeward of sand dunes are most abundant, but the taxa in windward, interdune and the top of sand dunes reduced gradually. Chlorophytes were mainly distributed within the crust and the taxa of chlorophytes decrease obviously under the crust. In the devel-oping stages of the biological soil crust, species diversity of chlorophytes changed a little, but species composition pre-sented some differences. Chlorococcum humicola, Chlorella vulgaris, Chlamydomonas ovalis and Chlamydomonas sp. nearly existed in all developing stages of biological crusts. In several former stages of the biological soil crust there were spherical chlorophytes and filamentous ones. When moss crust formed, filamentous chlorophytes disappeared, such as Microspora and Ulothrix.     

荒漠地表生物土壤结皮形成与演替特征概述

土壤表面结皮是世界范围内干旱沙漠地区土壤表面广泛存在的自然现象,包括物理结皮和生物土壤结皮两大类型。其中,生物土壤结皮作为干旱沙漠地区特殊环境的产物,是由细菌、真菌、蓝绿藻、地衣和苔藓植物与土壤形成的有机复合体。它的形成使土壤表面在物理、化学和生物学特性上均明显不同于松散沙土,具有较强的抗风蚀功能和重要的生态效应,成为干旱沙漠地区植被演替的重要基础。随着形成生物土壤结皮的物种更替,维持结皮结构的主要胶结方式亦随之发生变化,即由胞外多糖的粘结作用逐渐转变为蓝藻和荒漠藻的藻丝体、地衣菌丝体以及苔藓植物假根的缠绕和捆绑作用,物种更替是结皮微结构和胶结方式转化的生物基础。生物土壤结皮的形成通常可以分为以下几个阶段:生物土壤结皮的早期阶段(土壤酶和土壤微生物),藻结皮阶段、地衣结皮阶段和苔藓结皮阶段。即随着土壤微生物在沙土表面的生长,随后出现丝状蓝藻和荒漠藻类植物,形成以藻类植物为主体的荒漠藻结皮;当土壤表面得到一定固定后,便开始出现地衣和苔藓植物,形成以地衣和苔藓植物为优势的生物结皮类型。其中,前一阶段的完成又为后一阶段的开始提供良好的环境条件。当环境条件适宜时,生物土壤结皮也可以不经历其中某个阶段而直接发育到更高级的阶段。     

古尔班通古特沙漠生物土壤结皮对土壤氮库垂直分布特征的影响

生物土壤结皮在干旱区氮素地球化学循环中具有重要作用,研究不同生物土壤结皮下不同形态氮素含量的变化,解析生物土壤结皮对土壤养分影响过程和范围,有助于进一步理解生物土壤结皮的生态功能。本研究以古尔班通古特沙漠藻-地衣混生结皮和藓类结皮两种生物土壤结皮为研究对象,以裸沙为对照,测定生物土壤结皮层和0—100 cm内8个土层全氮、无机氮、可溶性有机氮、游离态氨基酸氮、微生物生物量氮等氮库含量,和土壤脲酶、硝酸盐还原态酶、亮氨酸氨基肽酶等土壤胞外酶活性。结果表明：1)结皮层各形态氮素含量和各土壤酶活性显著高于其下层土壤,结皮层和结皮下各层土壤氮库整体上表现为藓类结皮>藻-地衣混生结皮>裸沙;土壤氮库各形态氮素含量和土壤酶活性在垂直分布上均呈现先显著下降(0—20 cm)后稳定(20—100 cm)的趋势;在20—30 cm土层,除裸沙的无机氮、铵态氮以及藻-地衣混生结皮的硝态氮外,其余速效氮(无机氮、硝态氮、铵态氮)含量具有增加的特点。2)土壤各氮库含量与全磷、有机碳、电导率、土壤脲酶和亮氨酸氨基肽酶活性呈正相关,与pH、土壤含水率呈负相关。3)利用氮循环相关指标建立土壤氮循环多功能...     

古尔班通古特沙漠生物土壤结皮下土壤有机碳垂直分布特征及影响因素

为了探究沙漠不同生物土壤结皮类型覆盖下土壤有机碳(SOC)垂直分布特征及与土壤理化因素的关系,解析影响因素,以古尔班通古特沙漠腹地藻类、藓类生物土壤结皮和裸沙三种不同地被覆盖类型为研究对象,通过野外采集不同类型结皮样品及其下层0-2 cm、2-5 cm、5-10 cm、10-20 cm、20 -30 cm、30-50 cm、50-70 cm以及70-100 cm土层土壤(裸沙对照),测定不同土层的SOC含量及土壤理化指标,开展相关研究。结果表明:(1)不同地被类型下0-100 cm SOC含量随着土壤深度增加呈减小的趋势,在10-30 cm 土层存在SOC含量升高的现象,藓类、藻类和裸沙三种地被类型0-100 cm土层SOC含量范围分别在:1.61-2.70、1.41-2.56、1.21-1.92 g/kg;(2)不同地被类型下同一土层SOC含量在0-5 cm土层存在显著差异,5-100 cm土层SOC整体无显著差异,同层SOC含量均表现为:藓类>藻类>裸沙对照;(3)Pearson法分析结果表明不同地被覆盖下SOC含量与养分(全氮、全磷)呈现正相关关系,与pH和电导率(EC)呈现负相关关系。通过结构方程模型结果表明,土壤养分和粒径(砂粒占比)是影响垂直分布的主要因子,其中粒径是裸沙和藻类的最主要影响因子,藓类最重要的影响因子是养分(全磷)。生物土壤结皮的发育会逐步提高土壤碳的积累,改变SOC的垂直分布特征,对SOC的影响主要集中在5 cm以上土层,土壤理化特征对垂直分布特征具有调控作用。     

Effect of oxic and anoxic conditions on nitrous oxide emissions from nitrification and denitrification processes

A lab-scale sequencing batch reactor fed with real municipal wastewater was used to study nitrous oxide (N(2)O) emissions from simulated wastewater treatment processes. The experiments were performed under four different controlled conditions as follows: (1) fully aerobic, (2) anoxic-aerobic with high dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration, (3) anoxic-aerobic with low DO concentration, and 4) intermittent aeration. The results indicated that N(2)O production can occur from both incomplete nitrification and incomplete denitrification. N(2)O production from denitrification was observed in both aerobic and anoxic phases. However, N(2)O production from aerobic conditions occurred only when both low DO concentrations and high nitrite concentration existed simultaneously. The magnitude of N(2) O produced via anoxic denitrification was lower than via oxic denitrification and required the presence of nitrite. Changes in DO, ammonium, and nitrite concentrations influenced the magnitude of N(2)O production through denitrification. The results also suggested that N(2)O can be produced from incomplete denitrification and then released to the atmosphere during aeration phase due to air stripping. Therefore, biological nitrogen removal systems should be optimized to promote complete nitrification and denitrification to minimize N(2)O emissions.     

铜陵铜尾矿废弃地生物土壤结皮中的蓝藻多样性

生物土壤结皮是生态系统原生演替过程中的一个早期阶段,在铜陵铜尾矿废弃地自然生态恢复过程中生物土壤结皮在尾矿废弃地表面广泛分布.以生长在铜陵杨山冲和铜官山2处铜尾矿废弃地的生物土壤结皮为研究对象,运用常规培养方法和变性梯度凝胶电泳技术(PCR-DGGE)对不同群落生物土壤结皮中的蓝藻多样性及优势类群进行研究.结果表明2种研究方法所获得的蓝藻种类组成具有明显差异.显微观察结果表明常规培养试验中主要蓝藻类群为微囊藻属(Microcystis)、色球藻属(Chroococcus)、颤藻属(Oscillatoria)、念珠藻属(Nostoc)和浮鞘丝藻属(Planktolyngbya),其中优势种类主要为铜绿微囊藻(Microcystis aeruginosa)、断裂颤藻(Oscillatoria fracta)和细浮鞘丝藻(Planktolyngbya subtilis);提取样品中微生物总DNA,对蓝藻16SrRNA进行PCR-DGGE分析,回收DGGE图谱中24个条带进行测序分析,结果显示,所有序列与GenBank数据库中的近缘蓝藻的相似性系数均在93％以上,其中优势蓝藻类群主要隶属于微鞘藻属(Microcoleus)和细鞘丝藻属(Leptolyngbya),裸地(YL)处和木贼群落下尾矿表面(YM)的生物土壤结皮中优势蓝藻类群主要为微鞘藻属,而黄色真藓-藻类混合结皮(YT)和白茅群落( YB,TG)下的生物土壤结皮中的优势类群主要隶属于细鞘丝藻属.     

黄土和风沙土藓结皮土壤呼吸对模拟降雨的响应

生物结皮土壤呼吸是干旱和半干旱生态系统碳循环的重要组成部分,但目前其对降雨的响应规律尚不明确。针对黄土高原黄土和风沙土上发育的藓结皮,分别进行2、4、6、10、20、30、40 mm的模拟降雨,并使用便携式土壤碳通量分析仪测定雨前和雨后藓结皮的呼吸速率,对比分析降雨量对藓结皮呼吸速率的影响;同时,在40 mm降雨后的0—24 h连续测定藓结皮的呼吸速率变化,分析藓结皮呼吸速率随雨后历时的变化规律。结果显示,7种降雨量后两种土壤上藓结皮的呼吸速率均显著升高,黄土上藓结皮呼吸速度的增幅为2.89—6.38倍,风沙土上藓结皮呼吸速率的增幅为0.73—4.38倍。0—6 mm降雨中,两种土壤上藓结皮的呼吸速率均随降雨量增加而迅速升高,二者成显著线性正相关关系;6—40 mm降雨中,黄土上藓结皮的呼吸速率随降雨量增加而缓慢升高,但风沙土上藓结皮的呼吸速率随降雨量增加而快速降低。两种土壤上藓结皮的呼吸速率随雨后历时表现出相似的变化规律,即雨后迅速升高、之后逐渐降低,并在24 h左右回归到雨前水平;但黄土上藓结皮的呼吸速率在雨后即刻达到峰值,而风沙土上藓结皮的呼吸速率在雨后30 min左右方达到峰值。黄土上藓结皮的呼吸速率一致高于风沙土上的藓结皮,前者在不同降雨量和雨后历时中平均比后者高150.0%和59.6%。此外,藓结皮呼吸速率与表层土壤含水量存有显著相关关系,在含水量较低(小于约4%)时二者显著正相关,在含水量较高(大于约4%)时二者对于黄土上藓结皮为正相关、对于风沙土上藓结皮为负相关。研究表明,黄土高原藓结皮土壤呼吸对降雨响应快速而直接,但其响应规律对于黄土和风沙土上的藓结皮是不同的,总体而言黄土上藓结皮对降雨的响应更为持久有效。     

黄土丘陵区生物结皮空间分布的代表性景观指数

景观指数可量化表征生物结皮的分布特征,但景观指数存在数量众多、冗余度较高的问题。本研究以位于典型黄土丘陵区的陕西省吴起县合沟小流域不同分布格局的58个样方的生物结皮为对象,计算其15个常用景观格局指数,基于相关分析、因子分析和敏感性分析,筛选出可描述生物结皮景观格局、具有特定生态学意义的代表性景观指数,并以陕西省定边县杨井镇鹰窝山涧小流域退耕地不同盖度的生物结皮为例,检验所选景观格局指数的可靠性和合理性。结果表明: 15个景观指数中,10个指数之间具有显著相关关系,而边缘长度(TE)和边缘密度(ED)分别与斑块数量(NP)、斑块密度(PD)、丛生度(CLUMPY)和散布与并列指数(IJI)无显著相关性。斑块占景观比例(PLAND)、ED、斑块连结度(COHESION)和分离度(SPLIT),分别从盖度、长度、连通度和破碎度方面描述了生物结皮空间分布特征,其代表的3个公因子在刻画生物结皮空间分布格局时累计贡献率达91.6%。本研究确定了可量化生物结皮空间分布复杂性的代表性景观指数,为研究生物结皮格局变化及其与生态过程的关系提供了理论依据。     

Progress in the study of algae and mosses in biological soil crusts

Algae and mosses are not only two of the familiar communities in the process of desert vegetational succession, but also have the highest biomass in biological soil crusts. Meanwhile, being the pioneer plants, algae and mosses are involved in the establishment of biological soil crusts, which have great importance in arid environments and play a major role in desert ecosystems, such as being the indicator of the vegetation type, soil-holding, preventing erosion by water and wind, and sand fixation. This paper reviews the advances in the study of algae and mosses in arid and semi-arid areas. It mainly describes the ecological functions of algae and mosses including their influences on water cycle, circulation of substances, and community succession. In addition, the relationships between algae and mosses are discussed. Finally, some suggestions are proposed for the research orientations of algae and mosses in biological soil crusts. Ecologically, algae and mosses have significant ecological importance in arid areas, especially in those areas where environmental problems are becoming increasingly serious.     

Progress in the study of algae and mosses in biological soil crusts

Algae and mosses are not only two of the familiar communities in the process of desert vegetational succession,but also have the highest biomass in biological soil crusts.Meanwhile,being the pioneer plants,algae and mosses are involved in the establishment of biological soil crusts,which have great importance in arid environments and play a major role in desert ecosystems,such as being the indicator of the vegetation type,soil-holding,preventing erosion by water and wind,and sand fixation.This paper reviews the advances in the study of algae and mosses in arid and semi-arid areas.It mainly describes the ecological functions of algae and mosses including their influences on water cycle,circulation of substances,and community succession.In addition,the relationships between algae and mosses are discussed.Finally,some suggestions are proposed for the research orientations of algae and mosses in biological soil crusts.Ecologically,algae and mosses have significant ecological importance in arid areas,especially in those areas where environmental problems are becoming increasingly serious.     

黄土高原生物结皮对SCS-CN模型初损率的影响

水文模型是水文过程研究的有效工具,初损率(λ)是径流模型SCS-CN模型的参数,对模拟流域水文过程具有重要意义。为了确定生物结皮对λ的影响,提高该模型在黄土高原生物结皮广泛分布的退耕地的预测精度,本研究以陕西省定边县鹰窝山涧流域不同盖度的生物结皮坡面为对象,采用模拟降雨试验,分析土壤潜在最大入渗量(S)与实际入渗量(F)的关系,以及生物结皮盖度对λ的影响,并修订了λ;在此基础上,采用陕西省安塞县纸坊沟流域生物结皮径流小区的模拟降雨试验数据校验了参数修订后的模型。结果表明: 生物结皮坡面S与F的关系式为: S/F=2.5×60/T(其中T为降雨历时);模型参数λ与生物结皮盖度(C_BSC)呈极显著负相关关系,二者关系式为: λ=0.0791×e^{(-0.015×C_BSC}),R²=0.60;较λ取标准值,依生物结皮盖度修订λ后,SCS-CN模型Nash效率系数提高338.7%,合格率提升16.1%。研究结果为黄土高原生物结皮坡面λ的确定提供了科学依据,对准确评估黄土高原退耕还林(草)工程的水文效应具有重要意义。