Besprechungen

Book reviewed in this article: ed. Baerends, G. P. , und R. H. Drent (1970): The Herring Gull and its egg (Die Silbermöwe und ihr Ei). Heinzel, H., R. Fitter und J. Parslow (1972): Pareys Vogelbuch, alle Vögel Europas, Nordafrikas und des Mittleren Ostens. G. Niethammer und H. W. Wolters übersetzten und bearbeiteten ?The Birds of Britain and Europe with North Africa and the Middle East (1972) Eiberle , Kurt (1972): Lebensweise und Bedeutung des Luchses in der Kulturlandschaft, dargestellt anhand der Ausrottungsgeschichte in der Schweiz. Heft 8 der ?Mammalia depicta”, Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde. Rowe-Rowe, D. T. , und R. C. Bigalke (1972): Observations on the breeding and behaviour of Blesbok. (Beobachtungen über Fortpflanzung und Verhalten des Bläßbocks). Guttmann , Giselher (1972): Einführung in die Neuropsychologie Dawkins , Richard (1971): Selective neurone death as a possible memory mechanism (Gedächtnisbildung durch selektives Neuronensterben). Dimond , S. J. (1972): Das soziale Verhalten der Tiere. Thomas M. Höpfner übersetzte The social behaviour of animals (1970). Angermeier , W. F. (1972): Kontrolle des Verhaltens, das Lernen am Erfolg. Heidelberger Taschenbücher, Basistext Psychologie Tinbergen , E. A. und N. (1972): Early childhood autism – an ethological approach (Frühkindlicher Autismus, ein ethologischer Versuch). Fortschritte der Verhaltensforschung, Heft 10, zugleich Beiheft zur Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie. Morris , Desmond (1972): Liebe geht durch die Haut – die Naturgeschichte des Intimverhaltens. Übersetzt von Holger Fliessbach     

Besprechungen

Book reviewed in this article: Walker , Use (1972): Habituation to disturbance in the Fiddler Crab (Uca annulipes) in its natural environment (Freilandbeobachtungen über die Gewöhnung an Störungen bei der Winkerkrabbe U. a.). Matthes , Dieter (1972): Vom Liebesleben der Insekten. Kleine Sittengeschichte der Sechsbeiner. Curry-Lindahl , Kai (1961): Fiskarna i Färg. 4. Aufl. Almqvist und Wiksel Stockholm. Peeke , Harman V. S., und Shirley C. Peeke (1972): Habituation, reinstatement and recovery of predatory responses in two species of Teleosts, Carassius auratus and Macropodus opercularis (Abgewöhnen, Wiedererwecken und Erholung im Beuteverhalten des Gold- und des Paradiesfisches). Pickwell , Gayle (1972): Amphibians and reptiles of the Pacific States. Taylor , Douglas H. (1972): Extra-optic photoreception and compass orientation in larval and adult salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum) (Sonnenkompaß-orientierung mit den Stirnaugen beim Tigerquerzahnmolch [A. t.]). Wiens , John A. (1972): Anuran habitat selection: early experience and substrate selection in Rana cascadae tadpoles (Beeinflußt frühe Erfahrung die Wohnraumwahl von Fröschen?). Phillips , R. E. (1972): Sexual and agonistic behaviour in the Killdeer (Charadrius vociferus) (Paarungs- und Kampfverhalten des Killdeer-Regenpfeifers). Peek , Frank W. (1972): An experimental study of the territorial function of vocal and visual display in the male Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus) (Versuche zur Frage der Wirksamkeit reviermarkierender stimmlicher und visueller Signalreize bei Rotschulterstärlings-♂♂). Potash , Lawrence M. (1972): A signal detection problem and possible solution in Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) (Die Frage nach der Ortbarkeit von Rufen japanischer Wachtel-♂♂ und ihre mögliche Lösung). Thorpe , W. H., unter Mitarbeit von J. Hall-Craggs, B. und T. Hooker und R. Hutchison (1972): Duetting and antiphonal song in Birds, its extent and significance (Zweistimmiger und Wechselgesang bei Vögeln, sein Ausmaß und seine Bedeutung). Schmidt-Koenig, K. , und H. J. Schlichte (1972): Homing in Pigeons with impaired vision (Heimkehrleistungen von kaum mehr bildsehenden Tauben). Short , L. L. (1971): Systematics and behavior of some North American Woodpeckers, Genus Picoides (Aves) (Systematik und Verhalten einiger nordamerikanischer Picoides-Spechte). Fossey , Dian (1972): Vocalizations of the Mountain Gorilla (Gorilla gorilla beringei) (Der Lautschatz des Berggorillas). Jantschke , F. (1972): Orang-Utans in Zoologischen Gärten. Ethologische Studien. Herausgeber W. Wickler, mit einem Vorwort von Bernhard Grzimek. Lawick-Goodall , Hugo und Jane van (1972): Unschuldige Mörder. Bei den Raubrudeln in der Serengeti. Übersetzt von Margaret Carroux. Lott , Dale F., and John H. Hopwood (1972): Olfactory pregnancy-block in Mice (Mus mnsculus), an unusual response acquisition paradigm (Schwangerschaftsunterbrechung bei Mäusen durch Duftreize, Beispiel für einen ungewöhnlichen Erwerb eines Antwortverhaltens). Carter , Carol Sue (1972): Effects of olfactory experience on the behaviour of the Guinea-pig (Cavia porcellus) (Der Einfluß bekannter Gerüche auf das Verhalten von Meerschweinchen). Sales , Gillian D., geb. Sewell (1972): Ultrasound and aggressive behaviour in rats and other small mammals (Ultraschall und Angriffsverhalten bei Ratten und anderen Kleinsäugern). Herbert , Harry John (1972): The Population Dynamics of the Waterbuck, Kobus ellipsiprymnus (Ogilby, 1833) in the Sabi-Sand Wildtuin (Populationsdynamik des Wasserbocks in der Sabi-Sand Wildtuin). ?Mammalia depicta”, Beiheft 7 zur Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde. Nievergelt , Bernhard (1966): Der Alpensteinbock (Capra ibex L.) in seinem Lebensraum, ein ökologischer Vergleich. Mammalia depicta. Haider, U. , und R. Schenkel (1972): Das Riechgähnen bei Rindern (Bovinae). Z. Säugetierkde. Curry-Lindahl , Kai (1967): Djuren i Färg. 5. Auflage. Almqvist und Wiksel. Stockholm. 200 S., Farbbilder von 109 Säugetieren Kaplan , Reinhard W. (1972): Der Ursprung des Lebens. Biogenetik, ein Forschungsgebiet heutiger Naturwissenschaft. ed. Grassé , P. P. (1971): Allgemeine Biologie Band 2: P. Laviolette und P. P. Grassé : Fortpflanzung und Sexualität. Armin Heymer und Leni Heymer-Reich übersetzten: Biologie Generale II. Reproduction et Sexualité (1966). Kühn , Alfred, Ernst Hadorn und Rüdiger Wehner (1972): Allgemeine Zoologie. DTV Wissenschaftliche Reihe. ed. Grasse, G. (1972): Alfred Kühn zum Gedächtnis. 5. Biologisches Jahresheft des Verbandes Deutscher Biologen. Eulefeld , Günter (1972): Biologie in Stichworten, III: Zoologie (Cytologie–Histologie–Systematik).     

Die visuelle Lernkapazität von Lacerta viridis und Agama agama

Book reviewed in this article: Payne, A. P., und H. H. Swanson (1972): The effect of a supranormal threat stimulus on the growth rates and dominance relationships of pairs of male and female Golden Hamsters (Die Wirkung künstlicher Schwarzfärbung auf Wachstum und Rangordnung bei Goldhamstern). Frey, Dennis F., und Rudolph J. Miller (1972): The establishment of dominance relationships in the Blue Gourami (Trichogaster triehopterus Pallas) (Vom Entstehen der Rangordnung bei blauen Gurami-♂♂ T. t.). Figler, Michael H. (1972): The relation between eliciting stimulus strength and habituation of the threat display in male Siamese fighting fish, Betta splendens (Reizstärke und Gewöhnung im Drohen des Kampffisch-♂). Jenni, Donald A. (1972): Effects of conspecifics and vegetation on nest site selection in Gasterosteus aculeatus L. (Der Einfluß von Artgenossen und Pflanzenbewuchs auf die Wahl des Nestorts beim Dreistachligen Stichling). Greenberg, Gary (1972): The effects of ambient temperature and population density on aggression in two inbred strains of mice, Mus musculus (Wirkungen von Temperatur und Bevölkerungsdichte auf die Angriffsbereitschaft bei zwei Inzuchtmäusestämmen. Lea, R. Geraldine, und John R. G. Turner (1972): Experiments on mimicry: II. The effect of a Batesian mimicry on its model (Mimikryversuche: II. Die Wirkung eines Batesschen Nachahmers auf sein Vorbild). Ewing, Leonie S. (1972): Hierarchy and its relation to territory in the Cockroach Nauphocta cinerea (Rangordnung und ihre Beziehung zum Revierverhalten bei der Schabe N. c). Fricke, H. W. (1972): Korallenmeer. Belser-Verlag Stuttgart. Stebbins, Robert C. (1972): Amphibians and Reptiles of California (Kalifornische Lurche und Kriechtiere). University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles and London. Schmidt, U., und U. Manske (1973): Die Jugendentwicklung der Vampirfledermäuse (Desmodus rotundus). Schaller, George B. (1972): The Serengeti Lion, a Study of Predator-Prey Relations (Der Serengetilöwe, eine Untersuchung der Beziehungen zwischen Raubtier und Beute). Wildlife Behavior and Ecology Series. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London. 480 S., 43 Fotos, 46 Textabb., Zeichnungen von Richard Keane. Dolezol, Theodor (1973): Delphine—Menschen des Meeres. Brink, F. H. van den (1972): Die Säugetiere Europas, westlich des 30. Längengrades. Ein Taschenbuch für Zoologen und Naturfreunde. Übersetzt von Th. Haltenorth. Remane, Adolf, Volker Storch und Ulrich Welsch (1972): Kurzes Lehrbuch der Zoologie. Gustav Fischer-Verlag Stuttgart. Illies, Joachim (1973): Anthropologie des Tieres. Fouts, Roger S. (1972): Use of guidance in teaching sign-language to a Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) (Eine Schimpansin lernt durch Handführen Zeichensprache). Zelazo, Philip R., Nancy Ann Zelazo und Sarah Kolb (1972): “Walking” in the Newborn (Gehbewegungen des Neugeborenen). Jakobson, Roman (1972): Child language, aphasia, and phonological universals. Lorenz, Konrad (1973): Die acht Todsünden der zivilisierten Menschheit, piper-Verlag. Bronowski, J., und Ursula Bellugi (1970): Language, Name and Concept. Language expresses the human mode of analysing experience in conceptual units and the rule that link them (Sprache, Wort und Begriff. Die menschliche Sprache zerlegt Erfahrung in Begriffseinheiten und die sie verbindenden Regeln).     

Toxicity of Halogenated Oxyquinolines To Dogs. the Effect of Feeding Fouled Herring

Acute clinical toxicity of halogenated oxyquinolines in dogs has been reported (Schantz & Wikström 1965, Hangartner 1965, Müller 1967). The clinical picture was comprehensively studied (Lannek 1972 b). The dose range in the clinical material was found to vary from about 7 to 250 mg per kg body weight (Lannek 1972 a).     

Freeze-resistant Trichinella (Trichinella nativa) Established on the Scandinavian Peninsula

Until the 1970’s, Trichinella spiralis (Owen 1835) was considered the only species within the genus Trichinella. Then T. pseudospiralis (Garkavi 1972) was classified as a separate species on the basis of morphological and biological features. The remaining morphologically homogenous “T. spiralis-group” has been split into 4 different species (or subspecies) on the basis of their biological and biochemical characteristics; T. nativa (Britov & Boev 1972), T. nelsoni (Britov & Boev 1972), T. spiralis sensu stricto and T. britovi (Pozio et al. 1992).     

Effect of intraventricular injection of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine on regional tryptophan hydroxylase of rat brain

5,6-DIHYDROXYTRYPTAMINE has been shown to cause selective degeneration of serotonergic neurons in the central nervous sytem (BAUMGARTEN, LACHENMAYER and SCHLOSSBERGER, 1972b). This degeneration is accompanied by depletion of serotonin (BAUMGARTEN et al., 1971; 1972a) and loss of tryptophan hydroxylase activity (VICTOR, BAUMGARTEN and LOVENBERG, 1973) in certain regions of the brain. In the current experiments, the effect of 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine (another dihydroxylated tryptamine derivative) on tryptophan hydroxylase activity has been examined. Since tryptophan hydroxylase is the rate-limiting enzyme in serotonin biosynthesis and has a similar distribution to that of serotonin in the brain, it is used as a biochemical marker of serotonergic neurons, Recent experiments also indicate that 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine causes morphological damage to serotonergic neurons of the central nervous system (BAUMGARTEN and LACHENMAYER, 1972).     

Synchronization of defaecation in the African elephant (Loxodonta africana)

The ecological significance of defaecation in African elephants ( Loxodonta africana ) has been discussed from a number of points of view. Dropping counts have been used to investigate population size and movements (Wing & Buss, 1970; Laws, Parker & Johnstone, 1975); the chemical composition of dung has been examined (Dougall, 1963; Weir, 1972); and dung decomposition and its role in nutrient cycles have been described (Anderson & Coe, 1974). Defaecation in captive African elephants has been examined (Coe, 1972) and food consumption of wild elephant herds has been calculated from data on gross assimilation efficiency and dung production (Coe, 1972; Rees, 1982). This paper presents evidence of a synchronization of defaecation in elephants and discusses its possible ecological significance.     

Besprechungen

Book reviewed in this article: Baumann , Peter (1972): Tiere in geplanter Wildbahn. Grüsser, O.-J. , und R. Klinke ed. (1971): Zeichenerkennung durch biologische und technische Systeme (Pattern Recognition in Biological and Technical Systems). Tagungsbericht des 4. Kongresses der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Kybernetik in Berlin vom 6.–9. April 1970. Hooff , J. A. R. A. M. van (1971): Aspecten van het sociale gedrag en de communicatie bij humane en hogere niet-humane Primaten (Von Sozialverhalten und Mitteilungsweisen bei Menschen und Menschenaffen). Pagès, E. (1972): Comportement aggressif et sexuel chez les Pangolins arboricoles (Manis tricuspis et M. longicaudata). (Kampf- und Fortpflanzungs-verhalten der baumbewohnenden Schuppentiere M. tricuspis und M. longicaudata). Dies. (1972): Comportement maternel et développement chez un Pangolin arboricole, M. tricuspis. (Mutterverhalten und Jugendentwicklung des Schuppentieres M. tricuspis). Papi , F., L. Fiore, V. Fiaschi und S. Benvenuti (1972): Olfaction and Homing in Pigeons (Geruchsinn und Heimfinden bei Tauben). Rowe-Rowe , D. T. (1972): The African Weasel, Poecilogale albinucha Gray. Observations on behaviour and general biology. (Beobachtungen zu Biologie und Verhalten des Weißnacken-Streifenwiesels).     

Isolation of Yersinia Enterocolitica from a Dog with Chronic Enteritis

During recent years, Yersinia enterocolitica has been isolated from humans and various animal species in connection with intestinal disorders, such as acute ileitis and appendicitis. Cases of septicaemia, polyarthritis and erythema nodosum have also been described (Mollaret & Destombes 1964, Nilehn 1969, Winblad 1969, Lassen 1972, Langford 1972). Y. enterocolitica has been isolated most frequently from chinchillas and hares, but sporadic isolations from deer, cow, horse, rabbit, goat and dog have been reported (Langford, Krogstad et al. 1972). In Norway, an outbreak of the disease in a goat herd is the only described case of yersiniosis among animal species (Krogstad et al.). A case of chronic enteritis in a dog from which Y. enterocolitica was isolated is presented in the following.     

Blood group gene frequency differences between European and Asian pigs and their hybrids

Most contemporary pig breeds have been constructed with a contribution of pigs of Asian origin (Volkopjalov et al., 1934; Tikhonov, 1967). At present, the closest relatives of the latter are the Vietnamese black and spotted pigs (Tikhonov, 1972a, 1972b). Immunogenetic characterization of Vietnamese pigs and hybrids between Vietnamese and European pigs may be of interst for the phylogenesis of the now existing pig breeds and the widening use of miniature laboratory pigs. Vietnamese     

On the Fertility and Survival of Deep Frozen Boar Spermatozoa Thawed in Skim Milk

Satisfactory conception rates of deep frozen boar spermatozoa were obtained, with insemination by way of the cervix, after thawing the deep frozen spermatozoa in boar seminal plasma, both in preliminary trials (Crabo & Einarsson 1971, Crabo et al. 1972 b) and in a large field trial (Einarsson et al. 1972). Fertility with pellet frozen boar spermatozoa, thawed without dilution, was reported by Graham et al. (1971 a, b) and Pursel & Johnson (1971).     

RECENT ORNITHOLOGICAL PUBLICATIONS

BOOKS: Bruner , P. L. 1972. Field guide to the birds of French Polynesia. BOOKS: Heinzel , H., Fitter , R. & Parslow , J. 1972. The birds of Britain and Europe with North Africa and the Middle East. London: Collins. BOOKS: Pennycuick , C. J. 1972. Animal flight. BOOKS: Voous , K. H. (Ed.) 1972. Proceedings of the XVth International Ornithological Congress. BOOKS: Burton , J. 1972. Animals of the African year: the ecology of East Africa. BOOKS: Durden , K. 1972. Gifts of an eagle. BOOKS: Hosking , E. 1973. An eye for a bird. BOOKS: Mengel , R. M. 1972. A catalogue of the Ellis collection of ornithological books in the University of Kansas Libraries. BOOKS: Perry , R. 1973. At the turn of the tide: a book of wild birds. RECENT ORNITHOLOGICAL PUBLICATIONS: SOUND RECORDINGS: Ker , A. 1972. Safari 99; narration by Peter Clare. RECENT ORNITHOLOGICAL PUBLICATIONS: PERIODICAL LITERATURE: GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Beck , J. R. & Brown , D. W. 1972. The biology of Wilson's Storm Petrel, Oceanites oceanicus (Kuhl), at Signy Island, South Orkney Islands. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Benson , C. W. & Stuart Irwin , M. P. 1972. The Thick-billed Cuckoo Pachycoccyx audeberti (Schlegel) (Aves: Cuculidae). GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Davis , W. R. & Arnold , K. A. 1972. Food habits of the Great-tailed Grackle in Brazos County, Texas. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Hölzinger , J. & Schilhansl , K. 1972. Untersuchungen zur Brutbiologie an einer südwestdeutschen Population des Flussregenpfeifers (Charadrius dubius). Beitr. naturk. Forsch. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: King , J. R. 1972. Postnuptial and postjuvenal molt in Rufous-collared Sparrows in northwestern Argentina. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Klejnotowski , Z. 1971. (Biology of the Magpie (Pica pica L.)) Roczniki Wy?szej Szkoly Rolniczej w Poznaniu GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Miller , A. H. & Bock , C. E. 1972. Natural history of the Nuttall Woodpecker at the Hastings Reservation. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Morton , M. L., Orejuela , J. E. & Budd , S. M. 1972. The biology of immature Mountain White-crowned Sparrows (Zonotrichia leucophrys oriantha) on the breeding ground. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Nelson , R. W. 1972. The incubation period in Peale's Falcons. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Niles , D. M. 1972. Molt cycles of Purple Martins Progne subis. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Nisbet , I. C. T. & Drury , W. H. 1972. Measuring breeding success in Common and Roseate Terns. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Olsson , V. 1972. (Territory, habitat and nest-sites of Swedish White-tailed Eagles Haliaeetus albicilla.) GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Reynolds , C. M. 1972. Mute Swan weights in relation to breeding. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Spjøtvoll. Ø. 1972. [Crossbill breeding.] Sterna 11: 201–213. (Norwegian.) GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Stiles , F. G. 1972. Age and sex determination in Rufous and Allen Hummingbirds. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Vilks , K. 1972. [Study of the breeding biology of Cuckoos (Cuculus canorus L.) in Latvia.] GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Young , J. G. 1972. Breeding biology of feral Greylag Geese in south-west Scotland. ECOLOGY AND POPULATIONS: Ahlén , I. 1972. (The Tawny Pipit Anthus campestris colonizing forest land in Southern Sweden.) ECOLOGY AND POPULATIONS: Almkvist , B. & Andersson , A. 1972., (Aerial census of flocked Eider males Somateria mollissima—a method for estimating breeding populations.) ECOLOGY AND POPULATIONS: Anderson , D. R. & Henny , C. J. 1972. Population ecology of the Mallard. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Andersson , A. & Hamilton , G. 1972. (On the occurrence of the White-backed Woodpecker Dendrocopos leucotos in Östergötland.) GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Andersson , G. & A. 1972. (The breeding bird fauna of Lake Järnlunden 1956–70.) GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Baltvilks , J. 1972. [Unusually large flocks of White Storks (Ciconia ciconia L.) in Latvia in May and June, 1971.] GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Boyd , H. & Ogilvie , M. A. 1972. Icelandic Greylag Geese wintering in Britain in 1960–1971. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Cody , M. L. & Cody , C. B. J. 1972. Territory size, clutch size, and food in populations of Wrens. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Cody , M. L. & Cody , C. B. J. 1972. Areal versus lineal territories in the Wren, Troglodytes troglodytes. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Cooch , F. G., Kaiser , G. W. & Wight , L. 1972. Species of waterfowl and age and sex ratios of ducks harvested in Canada during the 1971 season. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Cramp , S. 1972. One hundred and fifty years of Mute Swans on the Thames. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Crosby , G. T. 1972. Spread of the Cattle Egret in the Western Hemisphere. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Enemar , A., Nyholm , E. & Persson , B. 1972. (The influence of nest-boxes on the passerine bird community of Fågelsångsdalen, Southern Sweden.) GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Erskine , A. J. 1972. Populations, movements and seasonal distribution of mergansers. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Fjeldså , J. 1972. (Changes in the distribution of the Whooper Swan Cygnus cygnus on the Scandinavian Peninsula in recent times.) GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Galinski , T. 1971. (The Penduline Tit (Remiz pendulinus L.) in Poland.) GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Galizski , T. 1971. (Studies on the biology and ecology of the Penduline Tit (Remiz pendulinus L.) in Poland.) GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Gorman , M. L. 1972. The origin of the avifauna of urban and suburban Suva, Fiji. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Graczyk , R., Galizski , T. & Klejnotowski , Z. 1971. (The settlement density of birds nesting in boxes in the years 1967–1969 on the Przybroda experimental orchard terrain.) GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Hart , J. 1972. Food habits of American Kestrels in a low vole year. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Henny , C. J., Anderson , D. R. & Pospahala , R. S. 1972. Aerial surveys of waterfowl production in North America, 1955–71. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Keast , A. 1972. Ecological opportunities and dominant families, as illustrated by the Neotropical Tyrannidae (Aves). MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND GENETICS: Dawson , W. R., Hudson , J. W. & Hill , R. W. 1972. Temperature regulation in newly hatched Laughing Gulls Larus atricilla. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Klejnotowski , Z. 1971. (Ecology of the Magpie (Pica pica L.)) Roczniki Wyzszej Szkoly Rolniczej w Poznaniu GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Kumerloeve , H. 1972. Brutstatus der Greifvögel (Falconiformes) im vorderasiatischen Raum. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Lacan , F. 1971. Observations écologiques sur le Pétrel de Wilson (Oceanites oceanicus) en Terre Adélie. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Lavery , H. J. 1972. The Grey Teal at saline drought-refuges in north Queensland. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Lein , M. Ross . 1972. A trophic comparison of avifaunas. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Lemmetyinen , R. 1972. Growth and mortality in the chicks of Arctic Terns in the Kongsfjord area, Spitsbergen in 1970. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Luniak , M. 1972. (Changes in the avifauna of Warsaw during the years 1945–1969.) GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Mc Laren , I. A. 1972. Polygyny as the adaptive function of breeding territory in birds. Transactions Com. Acad. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Moksnes , A. 1972. (Quantitative bird surveys in the Forradal area in Nord-Trøndelag, Norway GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Morton , M. L., Horstmann , J. L. & Osborn , J. M. 1972. Reproductive cycle and nesting success of the Mountain White-crowned Sparrow Zonotrichia leucophrys oriantha in the central Sierra Nevada. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Murton , R. K. 1972. The control of bird populations. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Nilsson , L. 1972. (Fluctuations among resting ducks at Hullsjön, Trollhättan GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Nisbet , I. C. T. & Drury , W. H. 1972. Post-fledging survival in Herring Gulls in relation to brood size and date of hatching. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Ogilvie , M. A. & Cook , W. A. 1972. British recoveries of Mallard ringed at Borough Fen Decoy, Northamptonshire. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Prevett , J. & Macinnes , C. D. 1972. The number of Ross' Geese in central North America GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Staav , R., Almkvist , B. & Hedgren , S. 1972. (The Caspian Tern Hydroprogne tschegrava in Sweden 1971.) GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Stolt , B.-O. 1972. (On the occurrence of the Nightjar Caprimulgus europaeus in Sweden in 1970.) GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Svensson , S. 1972. (The Heron Ardea cinerea in Sweden 1970—a preliminary survey.) GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Viksne , J. 1972. (The Sandwich Tern Sterna s. sandvicensis Lath. on the coast of the Gulf of Riga in summer 1971.) GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Viksne , J. 1972. (The results of international mid-winter counts of wildfowl on the waterbodies in Latvia in 1967–71.) GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Weller , M. W. 1972. Ecological studies of Falkland Islands' waterfowl. GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Willis , E. O. & Oniki , Y. 1972. Ecology and nesting behavior of the Chestnut-backed Antbird GENERAL BIOLOGY OF SPECIES: Zwarts , L. 1972. (The Grey Lag Geese Anser anser of the brackish tidal habitatat Ventjagersplaten, Holland.) RECENT ORNITHOLOGICAL PUBLICATIONS: POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Bailey , E. P. & Davenport , G. H. 1972. Die-off of Common Murres on the Alaska Peninsula and Unimak Island. POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Bailey , S., Bunyan , P. J., Hamilton , G. A., Jennings , D. M. & Stanley , P. I. 1972. POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Bakke , T. A. 1972. (Ornithological investigations in the littoral zone at Sola Sea, Rogaland, Norway.) POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Banks , R. C. & Clapp , R. B. 1972. Birds imported into the United States in 1969 POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: The British Falconers Club and the Hawk Trust . 1972. Captive breeding of diurnal birds of prey. POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Clark , R. B. & Croxall , J. P. 1972. Rescue operations for oiled seabirds. POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Dorst , J. 1972. L'évolution du statut des oiseaux en Europe au cours des temps récents. POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Ferguson , D. A. 1972. Waterfowl wintering, resting and breeding areas of the south-west Caspian lowlands. POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Fowle , C. D. 1972. Effects of phosphamidon on forest birds in New Brunswick. POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Henny , C. J. 1972. An analysis of the population dynamics of selected avian species—with special reference to changes during the modern pesticide era. POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Holmbring , J.-Å. 1972. (The occurrence of the Middle Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos medius in Sweden.) POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Houghton , E. W. & Blackwell , F. 1972. Use of bird activity modulation waveforms in radar identification. POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Hublé , J. 1972. (Ornithology and nature conservation.) Gerfaut 62: 139–150. POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Kesteloot , E. 1972. (Education and nature conservation.) POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Koeman , J. H., Hadderingh , R. H. & Bijleveld , M. F. I. J. 1972. Persistent pollutants in the White-tailed Eagle (Haliaeetus albicilla) in the Federal Republic of Germany. POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Larsson , T. 1972. (Distribution and ornithological aspects of marshy meadows in southern Sweden.) Institute of Forest Zoology Research Notes 12. POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Leach , B. A. 1972. The waterfowl of the Fraser Delta, British Columbia. POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Mörzer Bruyns , M. F. 1972. (The impact of modern agriculture and forestry on bird numbers.) POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: National Defence Headquarters Directorate of Flight Safety Report 1969–71. Birdstrikes to Canadian Forces Aircraft. POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Pratt , H. M. 1972. Nesting success of Common Egrets and Great Blue Herons in the San Francisco Bay region. POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Prestt , I. 1972. Wild birds and chemicals. POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Rooth , J. 1972. (The influence of water-pollution and public works on bird populations.) POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Ruwet , J.-C. 1972. Ethologie et protection des oiseaux. Gerfaut 62: 95–104. (English summary.) POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Tys , S. 1972. (Legislation on bird protection in Western Europe.) POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Verheyen , R. F. 1972. (Bird protection in Belgium.) POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: voous , K. H. 1972. (The conservation of birds of prey and other predators.) POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Watson , A. & O'Hare , P. J. 1973. Experiments to increase Red Grouse stocks and improve the Irish bogland environment. POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Williams , M. 1972. Mortality and exploitation of Paradise Shelduck. RECENT ORNITHOLOGICAL PUBLICATIONS: BEHAVIOUR:Birkhead , T. R. 1973. Observations at a standing-ground adjoining a heronry. POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Bogucki , Z. 1972. Studies on the activity of Starlings Sturnus vulgaris in the breeding season. POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Dinsmore , T. J. 1972. Sooty Tern behavior. POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Jenning , W. & Fridzén , K. E. 1972. [Observations on an overwintering Gyrfalcon Falco rusticolus.] POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Kisiel , D. S. 1972. Foraging behaviour of Dendrocopos villosus and D. pubescens in Eastern New York State. POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Norton , D. W. 1972. Incubation schedules of four species of Calidridine Sandpipers at Barrow, Alaska. POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Stirling , I. & Bendell , J. F. 1970. The reproductive behaviour of Blue Grouse. POLLUTION AND CONSERVATION: Willis , E. O. 1972. The behavior of Spotted Antbirds. RECENT ORNITHOLOGICAL PUBLICATIONS: VOCALISATIONS:Bremond , J.-C. 1972. Comparaison entre l'apprentissage du chant chez le jeune Pinson (Fringilla coelebs) et les éléments réactogènes du chant territorial de l'adulte. VOCALISATIONS: Kreutzer , M. 1972. Les variations dans les chants de Troglodytes troglodytes et leurs conséquences comportementales. VOCALISATIONS: Nottebohm , F. & Selander , R. K. 1972. Vocal dialects and gene frequencies in the Chingolo Sparrow Zonotrichia capensis. VOCALISATIONS: Samuel , D. E. 1972. Song variation and other vocalizations of Veeries. RECENT ORNITHOLOGICAL PUBLICATIONS: MIGRATION AND HOMING: Blurton -Jones , N. G. 1972. Moult migration of Emperor Geese. MIGRATION AND HOMING: Cambridge Iceland Expedition 1971. Cyclostyled report. MIGRATION AND HOMING: Holmbring , J.-Å. 1972. (Immigration and spread of the Thrush Nightingale Luscinia luscinia in the province of Östergötland.) MIGRATION AND HOMING: Hölzinger , J. 1972. Die Invasion des Seidenschwanzes (Bombycilla garrulns) 1970/71 in Baden-Württemberg mit Rückblick auf sein Auftreten in den vergangenen zehn Jahren. Mitt. MIGRATION AND HOMING: Page , G. & Middleton , A. L. A. 1972. Fat deposition during autumn migration in the Semipalmated Sandpiper. MIGRATION AND HOMING: Persson , C. 1972. (Short distance movements of some passerines in South-Western Scania during the autumn migration.) MIGRATION AND HOMING: Persson , C. 1972. (The annual cycle and the autumn movements of tits (Paridae) on Falsterbo Peninsula.) MIGRATION AND HOMING: Rodebrand , S. 1972. (The migration through Kalmar Sound in 1962 and 1963.) MIGRATION AND HOMING: Schadt , J. C. & Southern , W. E. 1972. Effects of solar cues on basic directional preferences of young Mallards. MIGRATION AND HOMING: Speek , B. J. 1972. Bird ringing in the Netherlands. MIGRATION AND HOMING: Swegen , H. 1972. (Visual migration of Eider Ducks Somateria mollissima inland in southernmost Sweden.) MIGRATION AND HOMING: Wallraff , H. G. 1972. Fernorientierung der Vögel. RECENT ORNITHOLOGICAL PUBLICATIONS: MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND GENETICS: Board , R. G. & Halls , N. A. 1973. The cuticle: a barrier to liquid and particle penetration of the shell of the hen's egg. MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND GENETICS: Epple , A., Orians , G. H., Farner , D. S. & Lewis , R. A. 1972. The photoperiodic testicular response of a tropical finch, Zonotrichia capensis costaricensis. MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND GENETICS: Gaviño , G. T. & Dickerman , R. W. 1972. Nestling development of Green Herons at San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico. MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND GENETICS: Hargrave , L. L. 1972. Comparative osteology of the Chicken and American Grouse. MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND GENETICS: Imber , M. J. 1971. Filoplumes of Petrels and Shearwaters. MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND GENETICS: Mills , J. A. 1971. Sexing Red-billed Gulls from standard measurements. MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND GENETICS: Richardson , F. 1972. Accessory pygostyle bones of Falconidae. MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND GENETICS: Ruge , K. 1971. Vergleichende Untersuchungen an Jynginen und Picinen unter Besonderer Berücksichtigung des Vorderhirns. MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND GENETICS: Smith , J. E. & Diem , K. L. 1972. Growth and development of young California Gulls, Larus californicus. MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND GENETICS: Väisänen , R. A., Hildén , O., Soikkeli , M. & Vuolanto , S. 1972. MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND GENETICS: Vaurie , C. & Schwartz , P. 1972. Morphology and vocalizations of Synallaxis unirufa and Synallaxis castanea (Furnariidae, Aves), with comments on other Synallaxis. Amer. Mus. MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND GENETICS: Voipio , P. 1972. (Larus argentatus cachinnans as a colonizer of the Baltic area.) MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND GENETICS: Warner , R. W. 1972. The anatomy of the syrinx in passerine birds. RECENT ORNITHOLOGICAL PUBLICATIONS: PARASITOLOGY: Barus , V., Rysavy , B., Groschaft , J. & Folk , C. 1972. The helminth fauna of Corvus frugilegus L. (Aves, Passeriformes) in Czechoslovakia and its ecological analysis. Acta Sci. MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND GENETICS: Giddens , W. E. Jr . et al. 1971. Canary pox in sparrows and canaries (Fringillidae) and in weavers (Ploceidae): Pathology and host specificity of the virus. MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND GENETICS: Lemmetyinen , P. & Raitis , T. 1972. Occurrence of Schistocephalus solidus Creplin (Cestoidea, Dibothriocephalidae) in Common and Arctic Terns in southern Finland. MORPHOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY AND GENETICS: Markus , M. B. & Oosthuizen , J. H. 1972. Pathogenicity of Haemoproteus columbae. RECENT ORNITHOLOGICAL PUBLICATIONS: TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Andrew , P., Harrison , M. C. & Smith , R. B. H. 1973. Taxonomy of Ménétries' Warbler. TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Baltvilks , J. 1972. [Flamingo (Phoenicopterus ruber L.)—a new species for Latvia.] TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Bartonek , J. C. & Gibson , D. D. 1972. Summer distribution of pelagic birds in Bristol Bay, Alaska. TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Baumanis , J. 1972. (Notes on the avifauna of Lake Marientāles in 1967.) Zoologijas Muzeja Raksti 9: 67–70. TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Blūms , P. & Mednis , A. 1972. (The bird fauna of Lake Puze—observations during the nesting period.) TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Borror , D. J. 1972. Yellow-green Vireo in Arizona, with notes on Vireo songs. TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Brooke , R. K. 1972. Geographical variation in Palm Swifts Cypsiurus spp. Durban Mus. TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Burchak -Abramovich , N. I. & Meladze , G. K. 1972. Rustaviornis georgicus gen. et sp.n., a new fossil bird from the Hipparion fauna of Georgia. TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Clancey , P. A. 1972. Miscellaneous taxonomic notes on African birds. TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Cracraft , J. 1972. The relationships of the higher taxa of birds: Problems of phylogenetic reasoning. TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Cracraft , J. & Rich , P. V. 1972. The systematics and evolution of the Cathartidae in the Old World Tertiary. TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: De Roo , A., Hulselmans , J. & Verheyen , W. 1971. Contribution à l'ornithologie de la République du Togo. 3. Oiseaux récoltés par la deuxiéme Mission zoologique belge. TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: De Roo , A., de Vree , F. & van der Straeten , E. 1972. Contribution à l'ornithologie de la République du Togo. TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Disney , H. J. de S. & Smithers , C. N. 1972. The distribution of terrestrial and freshwater birds on Lord Howe Island, in comparison with Norfolk Island. TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Fey , D. & Lebret , T. 1972. (Changes in the avifauna of the Biesbosch in the first year after the elimination of the tide.) TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Harrison , C. J. O. & Walker , C. A. 1972. The affinities of Halcyornis from the Lower Eocene. TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Hjortnaes -Thomsen , P., Jensen , J. V. & Schack -Nielsen , L. 1972. (On Rumanian birds—observations made in S.E. Rumania in spring and summer 1971.) TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Howell , T. R. 1972. Birds of lowland pine savanna of northeastern Nicaragua. TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Johnson , N. K. 1972. Origin and differentiation of the avifauna of the Channel Islands, California. TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Kurth , D. 1972. Jagdfalken (Formengruppe: Hierofalco) Systematik und Verbreitung. TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Long , R. 1973. A review of birds breeding in Jersey, 1873–1972. Bull. Soc. TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Morel , G. J. 1972. Liste commentée des oiseaux du Sénégal et de la Gambie. TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Pettersson , G. & Unger , U. 1972. (Studies of ocean birds on the Swedish west coast during the ten-year period 1960–1969.) TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Prigogine , A. 1972. Nids et oeufs récoltés au Kivu. 2. République du Zaïre. Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr. 85: 3–4. TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Schwartz , P. 1972. On the taxonomic rank of the Yellow-billed Toucanet Aulacorhynchus calorhynchus. TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Schwartz , P. 1972. Micrastur gilvicollis, a valid species sympatric with M. ruficollis in Amazonia. TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Short , L. L. 1972. Relationships among the four species of the superspecies Celeus elegans (Aves, Picidae). TAXONOMIC AND FAUNISTIC: Short , L. L. 1972. Systematics and behavior of South American flickers (Aves, Colaptes). RECENT ORNITHOLOGICAL PUBLICATIONS: MISCELLANEOUS: Haftorn , S. 1972. (Closed-circuit television and datalogger, new tools to ornithology.)     

A Note on the Purification of Alcian Blue

Alcian blue 8GX is a copper phthalocyanin dye that shows a high degree of specificity for polyanionic substances such as hyaluronic acid, sialic acid and the chondroitin sulfates. This dye has proved useful for both histochemical and electrophoretic staining of these substances. The Biological Stain Commission has recently begun to certify Alcian blue (Schenk 1981). Commercially available lots contain approximately 50% dye. The remaining constituents have been identified as primarily boric acid, as well as sulfates and dextrins (Scott 1972, Horobin and Goldstein 1972). Horobin and Goldstein (1972) have pointed out that these contaminants may adversely affect staining in the critical electrolyte concentration procedure. Scott (1972), while not ascribing any adverse effects to the presence of boric acid, recommends its removal by differential precipitation with acetone. In this procedure one part of a 2-5% aqueous solution of the dye is added to 5-10 parts of acetone. The precipitated dye is approximately 80% pure. While this method is relatively simple, it does have several drawbacks. Low concentrations of Alcian blue (i.e., 2%) must be used to obtain purities near 80%. Thus a minimum of 250 ml of acetone is needed to purify 1 gram of dye. Furthermore, Horobin and Goldstein (1972) have reported that contamination by dextrin or unknown organic substances (detergent?) interferes with precipitation of the dye enough to make purification by Scott's method impossible. When difficulty in the precipitation of Alcian blue by Scott's method was encountered, the following simple method for the purification of the dye was developed.     

Change in risk factors for coronary heart disease during 10 years of a community intervention programme (North Karelia project).

A comprehensive community based programme to control cardiovascular diseases was started in North Karelia, Finland, in 1972. Reductions in smoking, serum cholesterol concentrations, and blood pressure were among the central intermediate objectives. The effect of the programme during the 10 year period 1972-82 was evaluated by examining independent random population samples at the outset (1972) and five (1977) and 10 (1982) years later both in the programme and in a matched reference area. Over 10 000 subjects were studied in 1972 and 1977 (participation rate about 90%) and roughly 8000 subjects in 1982 (participation rate about 80%). Analyses were conducted of the estimated effect of the programme on the risk factor population means by comparing the baseline and five year and 10 year follow up results in the age range 30-59 years. The effect of the programme (net reduction in North Karelia) at 10 years among the middle aged male population was estimated to be a 28% reduction in smoking (p less than 0.001), a 3% reduction in mean serum cholesterol concentration (p less than 0.001), a 3% fall in mean systolic blood pressure (p less than 0.001), and a 1% fall in mean diastolic blood pressure (p less than 0.05). Among the female population the reductions were respectively, 14% (NS), 1% (NS), 5% (p less than 0.001), and 2% (p less than 0.05). During the first five years of the project (1972-7) the programme effectively reduced the population mean values of the major coronary risk factors. At 10 years the effects had persisted for serum cholesterol concentrations and blood pressure and were increased for smoking.     

A Note on the Purification of Alcian Blue

Alcian blue 8GX is a copper phthalocyanin dye that shows a high degree of specificity for polyanionic substances such as hyaluronic acid, sialic acid and the chondroitin sulfates. This dye has proved useful for both histochemical and electrophoretic staining of these substances. The Biological Stain Commission has recently begun to certify Alcian blue (Schenk 1981). Commercially available lots contain approximately 50% dye. The remaining constituents have been identified as primarily boric acid, as well as sulfates and dextrins (Scott 1972, Horobin and Goldstein 1972). Horobin and Goldstein (1972) have pointed out that these contaminants may adversely affect staining in the critical electrolyte concentration procedure. Scott (1972), while not ascribing any adverse effects to the presence of boric acid, recommends its removal by differential precipitation with acetone. In this procedure one part of a 2-5% aqueous solution of the dye is added to 5-10 parts of acetone. The precipitated dye is approximately 80% pure. While this method is relatively simple, it does have several drawbacks. Low concentrations of Alcian blue (i.e., 2%) must be used to obtain purities near 80%. Thus a minimum of 250 ml of acetone is needed to purify 1 gram of dye. Furthermore, Horobin and Goldstein (1972) have reported that contamination by dextrin or unknown organic substances (detergent?) interferes with precipitation of the dye enough to make purification by Scott's method impossible. When difficulty in the precipitation of Alcian blue by Scott's method was encountered, the following simple method for the purification of the dye was developed.     

Seasonal and year-to-year differences in food selection by beavers

Summary Selection of trees for food by a colony of beavers in central Massachusetts was studied from September 1972 through April 1974. The beavers exhibited both seasonal and year-to-year differences in preference for certain genera. Pine was selected against during fall but not spring, and there was a switch in preference from birch during fall 1972 to oak and witch hazel in fall 1973. These differences may partly reflect greater seasonal stability in concentrations of stored nutrients in coniferous tree bark than in deciduous tree bark, and greater year-to-year stability in bark concentrations of stored nutrients in non-mast-seeding species than in mast-seeding species (1972 was a mast year for oaks in central Massachusetts).     

'Siamese-twins' in Sarotherodon mossambicus

Tilapia mossambica (Sarotherodon mossambicus (Trewavas, 1973)) a female mouthbreeding cichlid, Fryer & Iles (1972), has recently been introduced to the Fish and Aquaculture Research Station, Dor, from South Africa. They were found to spawn freely in aquaria. Females carrying eggs in their mouth are routinely transferred to small containers, and when the fry are released they are separated from their mothers.
In one batch of 209 fry we found two fry connected at their ventral part to the same yolk sack. These' Siamese-twins' survived for 8 days in an aerated glass jar. During this period the yolk sack was absorbed and they became connected at their abdomens. (Plate I). Similar cases were previously noted in sharks, trout, Salmonidae spp., guppy, Poecilia sp. and Haplochromis sp. (Reichenbach-Klinke & Elkan (1972) and Reichenbach-Klinke (1972)).     

Besprechungen

Book reviewed in this article: Allen , G. R. (1972): The Anemonfishes; their classification and biology. (Taxonomie und Biologie der Amphiprion-Arten). Shima , T., und Y. Abe (1971): Visual stimuli eliciting approach behavior in goldfish. (Optisches Art-Erkennen beim Goldfisch). ed. Urs N. Glutz von Blotzheim , Kurt M. Bauer und Einhard Bezzel (1971): Handbuch der Vögel Mitteleuropas, Band 4, Falconiformes. Manning , Aubrey (1972): Introduction to Animal Behaviour, 2. Aufl. Verlag Edward Arnold London. Tembrock , Günter (1971): Grundlagen der Tierpsychologie, 3. Auflage. Wissenschaftliche Taschenbücher Band 2. 1) und 2) Scientific American , Resource Library (1969): Readings in Psychology, Band 1: Offprints 401–464, Band 2 ebenso 465–515. W. H. 3) ed. Thompson , R. F. (1972): Physiological Psychology. Readings from Scientific American ed. J. Schlemmer (1972): Sprache – Brücke und Hindernis. 23 Beiträge nach der 50.     

Book Reviews

Book Reviewed in this article:
T he L aboratory D iagnosis of V enereal D isease. Public Health Laboratory Service Monograph Series. H.M.S.O. &0.50.
V irus -C ell I nteractions and V iral A ntimetabolites , 1972. Edited by D. Shugar. Federation of European Biochemical Societies.
W orld D irectory of C ollections of C ultures of M icro -O rganisms (1972).     

Besprechungen / Reviews

Book reviewed in this article: Schutz , F. (1972): Früherfahrung und Verhalten. Versuche und Überlegungen zur inhaltlichen Herkunft von Verhaltensprogrammen. — Ders. (1972): Les différences entre imprégnation maternelle et imprégnation sexuelle chez les Colverts (Unterschiede zwischen Mutter-prägung und Partnerprägung bei Stockenten). Herre , W., und M. Röhrs (1973): Haustiere — zoologisch gesehen. Gustav Fischer-Verlag Stuttgart. Macintosh , N. J. (1974): The Psychology of Animal Learning (Die Psychologie tierischen Lernens).