N~ 离子注入热带假丝酵母对长链二元酸产量的影响

用热带假丝酵母（Ｃａｎｄｉｄａ ｔｒｏｐｉｃａｌｉｓ）ＳＣＢ４１２作为出发菌株,经能量５０ＫｅＶ、剂量１× １０~１１～５ ×１０~１５ ｉｏｎｓ／ｃｍ~２的Ｎ~＋离子注入诱变处理,以产生可遗传的诱变。 Ｎ~＋离子注入后,存活率与剂量呈指数衰减关系：ｌｏｇ（存活率％）＝ ８．２３－ ０．６０４ × ｌｏｇ（剂量）,在培养过程中可观察到酵母菌菌落和细胞形态均发生了变化。经筛选,获得了一株能够利用正十二烷烃发酵产生长链二元酸的高产菌热带假丝酵母ＳＣＢ６０９。在初始正十二烷烃浓度为１５％（ｖ／ｖ）下产酸量由４３．５ｇ／Ｌ上升到７３．２ｇ／Ｌ。比较两株菌发酵生长特性的差异,产酸过程有一定的变化。     

N^＋离子注入热带假丝酵母对长链二元酸产量的影响

用热带假丝酵母(Candidatropicalis)SCB412作为出发菌株,经能量50KeV、剂量l×1011～5×1015ions/cm2的N+离子注入诱变处理,以产生可遗传的诱变.N+离子注入后,存活率与剂量呈指数衰减关系log(存活率%)=8.23-0.604×log(剂量),在培养过程中可观察到酵母菌菌落和细胞形态均发生了变化.经筛选,获得了一株能够利用正十二烷烃发酵产生长链二元酸的高产菌热带假丝酵母SCB609.在初始正十二烷烃浓度为15%(v/v)下产酸量由43.5g/L上升到73.2g/L.比较两株菌发酵生长特性的差异,产酸过程有一定的变化.     

N+离子注入热带假丝酵母对长链二元酸产量的影响*

用热带假丝酵母（Ｃａｎｄｉｄａ ｔｒｏｐｉｃａｌｉｓ）ＳＣＢ４１２作为出发菌株,经能量５０ＫｅＶ、剂量１× １０^１１～５ ×１０^１５ ｉｏｎｓ／ｃｍ^２的Ｎ^＋离子注入诱变处理,以产生可遗传的诱变。 Ｎ^＋离子注入后,存活率与剂量呈指数衰减关系：ｌｏｇ（存活率％）＝ ８．２３－ ０．６０４ × ｌｏｇ（剂量）,在培养过程中可观察到酵母菌菌落和细胞形态均发生了变化。经筛选,获得了一株能够利用     

丙氨酸对热带假丝酵母NPcoN22长链二元酸发酵的调节

本文研究了丙氨酸对热带假丝酵母(Candida tropicalis)NPcoN22长链二元酸发酵的调节,并把它与尿素的调节作了比较。在蔗糖利用、烷烃利用、菌体生长、发酵液pH变化和十四烷一1,14一二羧酸积累诸方面以及在三羧酸循环、乙醛酸循环、过氧化氢酶等酶的活力方面,丙氨酸具有与尿素相同的调节作用。丙氨酸加尿素作为混合氮源或在正常发酵过程中补加尿素或丙氨酸,其调节效果与过量尿素或过量丙氨酸单独存在条件下的情况一样,说明尿素和丙氨酸的调节作用具有相加效应。发酵过程中菌体对丙氨酸的利用特点表明了丙氨酸是菌体生长的限制因子。Β一氧化的抑制剂——丙烯酸能显著提高十四烷一1,14-二羧酸的积累。     

产长链二元酸热带假丝酵母酸分泌过程研究

热带假丝酵母（C．tropicalis）是长链二元酸发酵生产中常用菌种。其二元酸分泌过程是烧烃代谢过程中的重要步骤,pH在7．4～8．2范围内,足够高的pH对分泌和产酸是必需的。二元酸钠盐明显不利于分泌过程。二元酸的分泌相对于胞内ω一氧化过程是快速过程。建立了一种用于研究分泌过程的方法,利用静息细胞在缓冲溶液中分泌所引起的溶液pH变化来获得酸分泌量的在线数据。     

钙离子对热带假丝酵母CT 1-12细胞生长影响的初步研究

研究了Ca^2 对热带假丝酵母增殖的影响,发现钙离子的加入对细胞增殖是有促进作用的,可以加快细胞周期,促进作用的强弱依Ca^2 浓度不同而异,最适浓度在10^-4-10^02mol/L之间。浓度过高（高于10^-1mol/L）会对生长起抑制作用。最佳钙离子浓度下同期菌浓比空白样高出34％。     

发酵法生产长链二元酸研究进展

发酵法生产长链二元酸相对于化工法而言有着无可比拟的优势。本文综述了发酵法生产长链二元酸的微生物源、产酸机理、产酸条件和产物分离技术等方面的研究进展,并简要介绍了其工业应用前景。     

发酵法生产长链二元酸研究进展

发酵法生产长链二元酸相对于化工法而言有着无可比拟的优势。本文综述了发酵法生产长链二元酸的微生物源、产酸机理、产酸条件和产物分离技术等方面的研究进展 ,并简要介绍了其工业应用前景。     

热带假丝酵母转化烷烃过程中P450酶活的研究

a-、ω-长链二元酸(α-、ω-Long Chin Dicarboxylic Acid,DCA)是一种重要的化工原料,是合成工程塑料、香料、耐寒性增塑剂、涂料和液晶等物质的主要原料.目前,人们主要通过热带假丝酵母(Candidatropicalis)代谢烷烃来生产从DCA11到DCA18等不同碳链长的二元酸[1,2].多年来在各种微生物,尤其是假丝酵母的烷烃氧化途径方面有大量的研究[3,4].在假丝酵母转化烷烃生成长链二元酸的代谢过程中[5-7],烷烃被吸引进入细胞后,首先经过细胞色素P450酶(Cy-tochrome P450)氧化生成a-一元醇,再进一步被氧化生成a-一元酸,引过程称为a-氧化.     

脂肪醇氧化酶基因缺失对热带假丝酵母生理功能的影响

为考察热带假丝酵母(Candida tropicalis)脂肪醇氧化酶(FAO)基因缺失对菌株自身的影响,利用同源重组的方法敲除或回补FAO1和FAO2基因,研究突变株的生长情况和胞内脂肪醇氧化酶活性变化,并进-步评价细胞利用烷烃合成脂肪醇的能力.结果表明:成功构建了基因缺失突变株FTYT(ΔFAO11/ΔFAO12)...     

肉毒碱乙酰转移酶基因敲除对长链二元酸生产代谢过程的影响

在利用热带假丝酵母发酵生产长链二元酸的过程中 ,脂肪酸将进入 β 氧化途径 ,代谢产生能量 ,从而降低产物收率。首次以负责运输的肉毒碱乙酰转移酶为改造目标 ,在肉毒碱乙酰转移酶基因中插入潮霉素B抗性基因 ,构建DNA转化质粒 ,并进行一次同源重组 ,得到肉毒碱乙酰转移酶基因单拷贝敲除的基因工程菌。根据摇瓶实验结果 ,该基因工程菌与原始菌株相比 ,十三碳二元酸的产量与摩尔转化率分别提高了 13 0 %和 11 8%。     

生物合成长链二元酸新产业的崛起

长链二元酸是一类用途极其广泛的重要精细化工产品。综述了长链二元酸的用途、来源,国内外研究概况以及产业化现状。说明生物合成长链二元酸是中国正在崛起的新产业。     

H2O2对热带假丝酵母醇氧化酶的影响及其作用机理分析

考察了H2 O2 对热带假丝酵母代谢烷烃生产二元酸过程中醇氧化酶 (fattyalcoholoxidase ,AOX)的影响。研究表明 :2mmol L和 5mmol L的H2 O2 对AOX的比酶活有明显的促进作用 ,分别比对照提高了 68 2 %和 82 9%。研究还发现 ,H2 O2 是以超氧阴离子自由基等形式在胞内存在 ,并对H2 O2 在代谢过程中的作用机理进行了分析。     

Effect of ciprofibrate on the activation and oxidation of very long chain fatty acids

The effect of ciprofibrate, a hypolipidemic drug, was examined in the metabolism of palmitic (C_16:0) and lignoceric (C_24:0) acids in rat liver. Ciprofibrate is a peroxisomal proliferating drug which increases the number of peroxisomes. The palmitoyl-CoA ligase activity in peroxisomes, mitochondria and microsomes from ciprofibrate treated liver was 3.2, 1.9 and 1.5-fold higher respectively and the activity for oxidation of palmitic acid in peroxisomes and mitochondria was 8.5 and 2.3-fold higher respectively. Similarly, ciprofibrate had a higher effect on the metabolism of lignoceric acid. Treatment with ciprofibrate increased lignoceroyl-CoA ligase activity in peroxisomes, mitochondria and microsomes by 5.3, 3.3 and 2.3-fold respectively and that of oxidation of lignoceric acid was increased in peroxisomes and mitochondria by 13.4 and 2.3-fold respectively. The peroxisomal rates of oxidation of palmitic acid (8.5-fold) and lignoceric acid (13.4-fold) were increased to a different degree by ciprofibrate treatment. This differential effect of ciprofibrate suggests that different enzymes may be responsible for the oxidation of fatty acids of different chain length, at least at one or more step(s) of the peroxisomal fatty acid -oxidation pathway.     

产核酸和乳糖酶的热带假丝酵母QZN0209培养条件研究

经筛选得到一株具有一定核酸含量和乳糖酶活力的热带假丝酵母（Candida tropicalis)QZN0209,以综合利用酵母为目的,通过着重优化该菌株产核酸的培养条件。将其摇瓶产核酸水平从4.16%提高至13.94%;同时改变乳糖诱导方法将其乳糖酶活力提高约4倍,达到10.56ONPG单位/g湿菌体。     

Expression of the SNF1 gene from Candida tropicalis is required for growth on various carbon sources, including glucose

SNF1 of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an essential gene for the derepression of glucose repression. A homolog of SNF1 (CtSNF1) was isolated from an n-alkane-assimilating diploid yeast, Candida tropicalis. CtSNF1 could complement the snf1 mutant of S. cerevisiae. The previously published method for introducing the exogenous DNA into C. tropicalis was employed to construct SNF1/ snf1 heterozygote and snf1/snf1 homozygote strains. The successfully constructed SNF1/snf1 heterozygote was named KO-1. Disruption of the second CtSNF1 allele was unsuccessful, suggesting that CtSNF1 might be essential for cell viability. Therefore, in order to control the expression of CtSNF1, a strain (named KO-1G) in which the promoter region of CtSNF1 was replaced with the GAL10 promoter of C. tropicalis was constructed, and the growth of strains KO-1 and KO-1G was compared with that of the parental strain. The growth of strain KO-1 on glucose, sucrose, or acetate did not differ from the growth of the parental strain, but strain KO-1 showed a slight growth retardation on n-alkane. The growth of strain KO-1G on galactose was normal, but the cells stopped growing when transferred to glucose-, acetate-, or n-alkane-containing medium. Northern blot analysis against mRNA from the n-alkane-grown KO-1G strain demonstrated a close relationship between the presence of CtSNF1 mRNA and the growth of the cells, indicating that CtSNF1 is essential for cell viability. Moreover, mRNA levels of isocitrate lyase, which is localized in peroxisomes of C. tropicalis, were significantly affected by the level of CtSNF1 mRNA. Received: 3 May 1999 / Accepted: 14 July 1999