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1.
多粘类芽孢杆菌及其产生的生物活性物质研究进展 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
多粘类芽孢杆(Paenibacillus polymyxa)对人或动植物没有致病性,某些菌株可产生如抗生素、拮抗蛋白、植物激素、酶、絮凝剂等多种生物活性物质.这些活性物质在植物病害防治以及人和动物疾病治疗方面具有诱人的应用前景.本文对近年来多粘类芽孢杆菌及其产生的生物活性物质的研究进展进行了综述. 相似文献
2.
Paenibacillus peoriae is a potentially plant-beneficial soil bacterium and is a close relative to Paenibacillus polymyxa, the type species of the genus Paenibacillus. Herein, we present the 5.77-Mb draft genome sequence of the P. peoriae type strain with the aim of providing insight into the genomic basis of plant growth-promoting Paenibacillus species. 相似文献
3.
From a native potato starch-degrading enrichment culture, strain A30 had been isolated and had tentatively been identified as a member of the Bacillus firmus/lentus group (Wijbenga et al. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 35, 180-184, 1991). In this paper the isolate A30 is further characterized using phylogentic analysis of the 16S rDNA and determination of a number of additional phenotypic characteristics. These data are compared to those of Paenibacillus amylolyticus, P. chibensis, and P. thiaminolyticus. It is concluded that strain A30 is a new Paenibacillus species, for which the name Paenibacillus granivorans is suggested. 相似文献
4.
Aim: To screen and evaluate the biocontrol potential of Paenibacillus strains against disease complex caused by Meloidogyne incognita and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici interactions.
Methods and Results: Paenibacillus strains were collected from rotten ginseng roots. The strains were tested under in vitro and pots for their inhibitory activities, and biocontrol potential against disease complex caused by M. incognita and F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici on tomato. In in vitro experiments, among 40 tested strains of Paenibacillus spp., 11 strains showed antifungal and nematicidal activities against F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and M. incognita, respectively. Paenibacillus polymyxa GBR-462; GBR-508 and P. lentimorbus GBR-158 showed the strongest antifungal and nematicidal activities. These three strains used in pot experiment reduced the symptom development of the disease complex (wilting and plant death), and increased plant growth. The control effects were estimated to be 90–98%, and also reduced root gall formation by 64–88% compared to the untreated control.
Conclusion: The protective properties of selected Paenibacillus strains make them as potential tool to reduce deleterious impact of disease complex plants.
Significance and Impact of the Study: The study highlights biocontrol potential of Paenibacillus strains in management of disease complex caused by nematode-fungus interaction. 相似文献
Methods and Results: Paenibacillus strains were collected from rotten ginseng roots. The strains were tested under in vitro and pots for their inhibitory activities, and biocontrol potential against disease complex caused by M. incognita and F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici on tomato. In in vitro experiments, among 40 tested strains of Paenibacillus spp., 11 strains showed antifungal and nematicidal activities against F. oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici and M. incognita, respectively. Paenibacillus polymyxa GBR-462; GBR-508 and P. lentimorbus GBR-158 showed the strongest antifungal and nematicidal activities. These three strains used in pot experiment reduced the symptom development of the disease complex (wilting and plant death), and increased plant growth. The control effects were estimated to be 90–98%, and also reduced root gall formation by 64–88% compared to the untreated control.
Conclusion: The protective properties of selected Paenibacillus strains make them as potential tool to reduce deleterious impact of disease complex plants.
Significance and Impact of the Study: The study highlights biocontrol potential of Paenibacillus strains in management of disease complex caused by nematode-fungus interaction. 相似文献
5.
AIMS: To analyse the extracellular protease profile of two Paenibacillus species, Paenibacillus peoriae and Paenibacillus polymyxa, as well as how different growth media influenced its expression. METHODS AND RESULTS: Both bacteria were cultured in five media [Luria-Bertani broth, glucose broth, thiamine/biotin/nitrogen broth (TBN), trypticase soy broth and a defined medium] for 48 h at 32 degrees C. Our results showed a heterogeneous protease secretion pattern whose expression was dependent on medium composition. However, TBN induced the most quantitative and qualitative protease production on both Paenibacillus. The proteases were detected in neutral-alkaline pH range, being totally inhibited by 1,10-phenanthroline, a zinc-metalloprotease inhibitor. We also analysed the protease expression during the growth and, at least to P. peoriae, the most elevated protease activity was measured at 96 h, in which the highest number of spores and a low concentration of viable cells were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The results presented add P. peoriae and P. polymyxa to the list of neutral-alkaline extracellular protease producers. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Paenibacillus species are ubiquitous in nature, are capable to form resistant spores and to produce several hydrolytic enzymes, including proteases. However, only few data concerning the production of these enzymes are available. Proteases produced by Paenibacillus strains may represent new sources for biotechnological use. 相似文献
6.
目的以点青霉菌作为指示菌,研究影响植物内生多粘芽胞杆菌发酵液抑菌活性的部分因素,为鉴定发酵液的抑菌物质提供基础研究。方法通过对多粘类芽胞杆菌发酵液进行不同处理(改变pH、加热、乙醇处理和蛋白酶酶解),采用牛津杯法观察处理后发酵液对点青霉菌抑菌活性的变化。结果多粘类芽胞杆菌发酵液的抑菌效果在酸性条件下稳定,抑菌效果明显;而在中性和碱性范围内不稳定,抑菌效果不明显;多粘类芽胞杆菌发酵液中的有些抑菌物质具备良好的热稳定性;80%乙醇处理的发酵上清液有抑菌作用;经蛋白酶酶解后发酵液的抑菌活性变化不大。结论多粘类芽胞杆菌产生的乙醇沉淀物具有抑菌作用;发酵液中可能含有类细菌素的抑菌物质。 相似文献
7.
解木聚糖类芽孢杆菌(Paenibacillus xylanilyticus)发酵液经硫酸铵分级沉淀、HiPrep26/10 Desalting柱脱盐、HiPrepDEAE FF16/10阴离子交换柱、HiPrep 16/60 Sephacryl S-100凝胶柱、HiPrep 16/10 Source 30S阳离子交换柱等,最终纯化出单一组分的木葡聚糖酶,经过SDS-PAGE电泳分析,此木葡聚糖酶相对分子量约为39 kD。该菌所产木葡聚糖酶的最适反应温度是50℃,在60℃以下较稳定;最适反应pH是7.0,在pH5.0-10.0范围内酶活力较为稳定。酶的动力学研究显示Km为65 g/L,Vmax为6.49μmol/min,kcat=10.86 s-1。底物特异性研究表明对木葡聚糖具有较高比活力。酶蛋白经质谱分析,比对结果显示与来源于Paenibacillus pabuli的木葡聚糖酶有较高同源性。本研究为首次报道解木聚糖类芽孢杆菌(P.xylanilyticus)产木葡聚糖酶。 相似文献
8.
Finnegan PM Brumbley SM O'Shea MG Nevalainen KM Bergquist PL 《Journal of applied microbiology》2004,97(3):477-485
AIMS: To isolate and identify dextran-degrading organisms from sugar mill and compost samples, and to examine the diversity of the dextranolytic enzymes produced. METHODS AND RESULTS: Fifteen dextranolytic prokaryotes were purified at various temperatures from sugar-mill or compost samples, using indicator plates containing blue dextran. A 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that 12 isolates purified at 40, 50 or 70 degrees C were closely aligned to Paenibacillus spp. The three isolates purified at 60 degrees C had identical 16S rDNA sequences, with highest affinity to Bacillus spp. Liquid culture of the 11 isolates purified at 40 or 50 degrees C produced dextranolytic activity in the spent media with maximal activity at 40 or 45 degrees C under the assay conditions used. Hydrolysis of blue dextran in activity gels showed that the 12 Paenibacillus isolates produced from one to five dextranolytic proteins, ranging from 70 to 120 kDa. Based on 16S rDNA sequence, growth habit in liquid culture and dextranolytic enzyme pattern, the 12 Paenibacillus-like isolates could be differentiated into six distinct groups, one of which was capable of growth at 70 degrees C. CONCLUSIONS: The Bacillales, especially the Paenibacillus, are a valuable environmental repository for dextranolytic enzymes of diverse size and potentially diverse activity. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Dextranolytic enzymes produced by Paenibacillus spp. are an exploitable resource for those interested in modifying the structure of dextrans. 相似文献
9.
Assessment of the diversity of Paenibacillus species in environmental samples by a novel rpoB-based PCR-DGGE method 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A specific PCR system based on the gene encoding the RNA polymerase beta subunit, rpoB, was developed for amplification and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) fingerprinting of Paenibacillus communities in environmental samples. This gene has been previously proven to be a powerful identification tool for the discrimination of species within the genus Paenibacillus and could avoid the limitations of 16S rRNA-based phylogenetic analysis. Initially, the PCR system based on universal rpoB primers were used to amplify DNAs of different Paenibacillus species. A new reverse primer (rpoBPAEN) was further designed based on an insertion of six nucleotides in the Paenibacillus sequences analyzed. This semi-nested PCR system was evaluated for specificity using DNAs isolated from 27 Paenibacillus species belonging to different 16S rRNA-based phylogenetic groups and seven non-Paenibacillus species. The non-Paenibacillus species were not amplified using this PCR approach and one group of Paenibacillus species consisting of strains without the six-base insert also were not amplified; these latter strains were found to be distinct based on 16S rRNA gene phylogeny. In addition, a clone library was generated from the rpoB fragments amplified from two Brazilian soil types (Cerrado and Forest) and all 62 clones sequenced were closely related to one of the 22 sequences from Paenibacillus previously obtained in this study. To assess the diversity of Paenibacillus species in Cerrado and Forest soils and in the rhizosphere of different cultivars of maize, a PCR-DGGE system was used. The Paenibacillus DGGE fingerprints showed a clear distinction between communities of Paenibacillus in Forest and Cerrado soils and rhizosphere samples clustered along Cerrado soil. Profiles of cultivars CMS22 and CMS36 clustered together, with only 53% of similarity to CMS11 and CMS04. The results presented here demonstrate the potential use of the rpoB-based Paenibacillus-specific PCR-DGGE method for studying the diversity of Paenibacillus populations in natural environments. 相似文献
10.
11.
分离得到1株产生淀粉酶的菌株,通过扩增和测定16S rDNA序列并进行比对,发现是Paenibacillus属的细菌。液体摇瓶发酵结束后,其产生的生淀粉酶比酶活达108.5U/mL。通过饱和(NH4)2SO4沉淀、Sephacryl S-300层析的方法对其所产的生淀粉酶进行分离纯化,得到纯化的酶蛋白比酶活为5112.04U/mg,纯化倍数为14.1,相对分子质量约为1.0×105。该酶以木薯生淀粉为底物时,最适pH5.6,最适温度50℃。金属离子Ca2+、Mg2+对该酶具有激活作用,Zn2+、Cu2+、Fe2+、Ni2+、Mn2+、Co2+和EDTA2-对该酶均具有抑制作用。 相似文献
12.
Salmah Ismail Teow Chong Teoh Choong Yong Ung Saad Musbah Alasil Rahmat Omar 《Biologia》2012,67(6):1031-1037
Paenibacillus spp. are Gram-positive, facultatively aerobic, bacilli-shaped endospore-forming bacteria. They have been detected in a variety of environments, such as soil, water, forage, insect larvae, and even clinical samples. The strain 139SI (GenBank accession No.: JF825470.1) from three strains of Paenibacillus isolates investigated here was chosen as the type strain of the proposed novel species. The other two similar strain isolates investigated were 140SI (JF825471.1) and 141SI (JQ734548.1). These strains were identified as members of the genus Paenibacillus on the basis of phenotypic characteristics, phylogenetic analysis and 16S rRNA G+C content. Surprisingly, these strains exhibited a strong hemolytic activity on 5% sheep blood agar. Their crude extracts also showed positive growth-promoting activities in colon cancer and Vero cell lines. To our knowledge, this is the first Paenibacillus with hemolytic and growth-promoting activities reported, and the name Paenibacillus hemolyticus for this novel species is proposed. The capability of this novel species in hemolytic and cell growth activities suggests its potential in both clinical and pharmacological implications. 相似文献
13.
Santos RC dos Santos Alves CF Schneider T Lopes LQ Aurich C Giongo JL Brandelli A de Almeida Vaucher R 《Journal of invertebrate pathology》2012,109(3):265-268
The Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium Paenibacillus larvae is the primary bacterial pathogen of honeybee brood and the causative agent of American foulbrood disease (AFB). One of the feasible alternative treatments being used for their control of this disease is essential oils. In this study in vitro antimicrobial activity of Andiroba and Copaíba essential oils against Paenibacillus species, including P. larvae was evaluated. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) in Mueller-Hinton broth by the microdilution method was assessed. Andiroba registered MIC values of 1.56-25%, while the MICs values obtained for Copaíba oil were of 1.56-12.5%. In order to determine the time-response effect of essential oils on P. larvae, this microorganism was exposed to the oils for up to 48 h. After 24 h treatment with Andiroba oil and after 48 h treatment with Copaíba oil no viable cells of P. larvae ATCC 9545 were observed. The possible toxic effect of essential oils were assessed by the spraying application method of the same concentrations of MICs. Bee mortality was evident only in treatment with Andiroba oil and the Copaíba oil shows no toxic effects after 10 days of observation. Taking together ours results showed for the first time that these oils presented a high activity against Paenibacillus species showing that Copaíba oil may be a candidate for the treatment or prevention of AFB. 相似文献
14.
Ranieri ML Ivy RA Mitchell WR Call E Masiello SN Wiedmann M Boor KJ 《Applied and environmental microbiology》2012,78(16):5855-5863
Psychrotolerant sporeformers, specifically Paenibacillus spp., are important spoilage bacteria for pasteurized, refrigerated foods such as fluid milk. While Paenibacillus spp. have been isolated from farm environments, raw milk, processing plant environments, and pasteurized fluid milk, no information on the number of Paenibacillus spp. that need to be present in raw milk to cause pasteurized milk spoilage was available. A real-time PCR assay targeting the 16S rRNA gene was designed to detect Paenibacillus spp. in fluid milk and to discriminate between Paenibacillus and other closely related spore-forming bacteria. Specificity was confirmed using 16 Paenibacillus and 17 Bacillus isolates. All 16 Paenibacillus isolates were detected with a mean cycle threshold (C(T)) of 19.14 ± 0.54. While 14/17 Bacillus isolates showed no signal (C(T) > 40), 3 Bacillus isolates showed very weak positive signals (C(T) = 38.66 ± 0.65). The assay provided a detection limit of approximately 3.25 × 10(1) CFU/ml using total genomic DNA extracted from raw milk samples inoculated with Paenibacillus. Application of the TaqMan PCR to colony lysates obtained from heat-treated and enriched raw milk provided fast and accurate detection of Paenibacillus. Heat-treated milk samples where Paenibacillus (≥1 CFU/ml) was detected by this colony TaqMan PCR showed high bacterial counts (>4.30 log CFU/ml) after refrigerated storage (6°C) for 21 days. We thus developed a tool for rapid detection of Paenibacillus that has the potential to identify raw milk with microbial spoilage potential as a pasteurized product. 相似文献
15.
Characterization of a novel thermophilic, cellulose-degrading bacterium Paenibacillus sp. strain B39
Aims: The aims of this study were to identify and characterize the novel thermophilic, cellulose-degrading bacterium Paenibacillus sp. strain B39.
Methods and Results: Strain B39 was closely related to Paenibacillus cookii in 16S rRNA gene sequence. Nonetheless, this isolate can be identified as a novel Paenibacillus sp. with respect to its physiological characteristics, biochemical reactions, and profiles of fatty acid compositions. A cellulase with both CMCase and avicelase activities was secreted from strain B39 and purified by ion-exchange chromatography. By sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis, the molecular weight of B39 cellulase was determined as 148 kDa, which was much higher than other cellulases currently reported from Paenibacillus species. The enzyme showed a maximum CMCase activity at 60°C and pH 6·5. Addition of 1 mmol l−1 of Ca2+ markedly enhanced both CMCase and avicelase activities of the enzyme.
Conclusions: We have identified and characterized a novel thermophilic Paenibacillus sp. strain B39 which produced a high-molecular weight cellulase with both CMCase and avicelase activities.
Significance and Impact of the Study: Based on the ability to hydrolyse CMC and avicel, the cellulase produced by Paenibacillus sp. strain B39 would have potential applications in cellulose biodegradation. 相似文献
Methods and Results: Strain B39 was closely related to Paenibacillus cookii in 16S rRNA gene sequence. Nonetheless, this isolate can be identified as a novel Paenibacillus sp. with respect to its physiological characteristics, biochemical reactions, and profiles of fatty acid compositions. A cellulase with both CMCase and avicelase activities was secreted from strain B39 and purified by ion-exchange chromatography. By sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis, the molecular weight of B39 cellulase was determined as 148 kDa, which was much higher than other cellulases currently reported from Paenibacillus species. The enzyme showed a maximum CMCase activity at 60°C and pH 6·5. Addition of 1 mmol l
Conclusions: We have identified and characterized a novel thermophilic Paenibacillus sp. strain B39 which produced a high-molecular weight cellulase with both CMCase and avicelase activities.
Significance and Impact of the Study: Based on the ability to hydrolyse CMC and avicel, the cellulase produced by Paenibacillus sp. strain B39 would have potential applications in cellulose biodegradation. 相似文献
16.
Choi JH Im WT Yoo JS Lee SM Moon DS Kim HJ Rhee SK Roh DH 《Journal of microbiology and biotechnology》2008,18(2):189-193
A Gram-positive and endospore-forming strain, JH8T, was isolated from deep-sea sediment and identified as a member of the genus Paenibacillus on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence and phenotypic analyses. According to a phylogenetic analysis, the most closely related species was Paenibacillus wynnii LMG 22176T (96.9%). Strain JH8T was also facultatively anaerobic and grew optimally at 20-25degreesC. The major cellular fatty acid was anteiso-C15:0, and the DNA G+C content was 53.1 mol%. The DNA-DNA relatedness between the isolate and Paenibacillus wynnii LMG 22176T was 7.6%, indicating that strain JH8T and P. wynnii belong to different species. Based on the phylogenetic, phenotypic, and chemotaxonomic characteristics, strain JH8T would appear to belong to a novel species, for which the name Paenibacillus donghaensis sp. nov. is proposed (type strain =KCTC 13049T=LMG 23780T). 相似文献
17.
Here, we report the draft genome sequence of Paenibacillus elgii B69, which was isolated from soil and has broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. As far as we know, the P. elgii genome is the largest of the Paenibacillus genus for which genome sequences are available. Multiple sets of genes related to antibiotic biosynthetic pathways have been found in the genome. 相似文献
18.
Thirty-one isolates of bacteria causing milky disease in scarab larvae collected in Central and South America were identified as Paenibacillus popilliae or Paenibacillus lentimorbus by use of DNA similarity analysis. The isolates were more similar to each other than to the North American isolates that are the type strains of the species. All of the bacteria of both species produced parasporal bodies, a characteristic previously believed to be unique to P. popilliae. Screening of the bacteria using PCR with parasporal protein primers revealed differences among the parasporal protein genes of P. popilliae isolates and between the parasporal genes of P. popilliae and P. lentimorbus. In contrast to P. popilliae from North America, none of the isolates from Central and South America was resistant to vancomycin, an indication of an interesting geographic distribution of the resistance genes. 相似文献
19.
Fukuda T Isogawa D Takagi M Kato-Murai M Kimoto H Kusaoke H Ueda M Suye S 《Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry》2007,71(11):2845-2847
To produce chitoorigosaccharides using chitosan, we attempted to construct Paenibacillus fukuinensis chitosanase-displaying yeast cells as a whole-cell biocatalyst through yeast cell-surface engineering. The localization of the chitosanase on the yeast cell surface was confirmed by immunofluorescence labeling of cells. The chitosanase activity of the constructed yeast was investigated by halo assay and the dinitrosalicylic acid method. 相似文献
20.
A 44-kDa 1,3-beta-glucanase was purified from the culture medium of a Paenibacillus strain with a 28-fold increase in specific activity with 31% recovery. The purified enzyme preferentially catalyzes the hydrolysis of glucans with 1,3-beta-linkage and has an endolytic mode of action. The enzyme also showed binding activity to various insoluble polysaccharides including unhydrolyzable substrates such as xylan and cellulose. The antifungal activity of this Paenibacillus enzyme and a previously purified 1,3-beta-glucanase from Streptomyces sioyaensis were examined in this study. Both enzymes had the ability to damage the cell-wall structures of the growing mycelia of phytopathogenic fungi Pythium aphanidermatum and Rhizoctonic solani AG-4. Nonetheless, the Paenibacillus enzyme had a much stronger effect on inhibiting the growth of fungi tested. 相似文献